A Study on the Impact of Gender Equality in Leadership at Sainsbury

This research project investigates the impact of gender equality on leadership and management, focusing on a case study of Sainsbury. The study explores the concept of gender equality, examining its positive and negative impacts within the organization, and identifying gender-related barriers to leadership. The research employs a secondary data collection method, including a literature review to establish a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The methodology section details research philosophy, approach, and strategy, including data collection and analysis techniques. Findings are based on both primary and secondary research, leading to conclusions and recommendations aimed at improving organizational structure and activities related to gender equality. The report also includes reflections on alternative research methodologies.

RESEARCH PROJECT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Present research is based on the Impact of Gender equality in leadership and
management. The gender equality is necessary at the workplace as this helpful in enhance the
motivational level of staff members. Under this research, aim and objectives develop on the basis
of specific subject area. In conducting research methodology, secondary data collection method
will be used. There will be different methodologies developed such as research philosophies,
approaches, data collection methods, data analysis and others. Findings are based on primary and
secondary method. Conclusion will be made on the basis of whole research report. There will be
recommendations developed for make improvement in the organisational structure and activities.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................4
Overview of Research.............................................................................................................................4
Background of Research..........................................................................................................................4
Rationale of Research..............................................................................................................................4
Research Aim..........................................................................................................................................5
Research Objectives................................................................................................................................5
Research Questions.................................................................................................................................5
LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................................................................6
Gender equality in leadership and management......................................................................................6
Positive and negative impact of the Gender equality in leadership and management in Sainsbury.........6
Gender barriers to Leadership and management in Sainsbury.................................................................7
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY................................................................................................................8
Research philosophy................................................................................................................................8
Research Approach..................................................................................................................................8
Research choice.......................................................................................................................................8
Research Strategy....................................................................................................................................9
Time horizon...........................................................................................................................................9
Data collection.......................................................................................................................................10
Sampling...............................................................................................................................................10
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS.....................................................................................11
RESEARCH OUTCOMES.......................................................................................................................22
REFLECTION & RECOMMENDATION FOR ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY......23
Reflection..............................................................................................................................................23
Alternative research methodology.........................................................................................................23
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.......................................................................................24
Conclusion.............................................................................................................................................24
Recommendations.................................................................................................................................24
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................25

Title: Impact of Gender equality in leadership and management. A study on Sainsbury.
INTRODUCTION
Overview of Research
Equality between genders means equal consideration, recognition and promotion of
various attitudes, desires and needs of women and men. Their rights, responsibilities and
privileges don't depend on the fact they are born male or female. That doesn't mean men and
women will be the same. At the workplace, some of the common equalities that taken place are
gender based imbalances and also command over management of company. Women staffs are
not able to be move up in high paid positions as comparison to men. Equality in the workplace is
achieved when individuals have the same benefits, resources and opportunities regardless of
gender. Workplaces with fair pay with equivalent or similar work (Adamson and et. al., 2016).
Removal of obstacles to women's complete and fair job participation. In an organisation, women
leader are still minority. Men outpace the women in role of leadership. In context to this, women
have attained the parity with men in number of positions and employees in workforce in the
middle management.
Background of Research
The aim of equal treatment and diversity are simple: to insure that everybody has access
and fair treatment to the same opportunities. When an organisation encourage equality and
diversity aggressively (and have a corresponding policy), the company can prosper and people
from all backgrounds will come together and flourish. Women in the leadership and management
tend to favour equitable resource redistribution and also the legislatures with high women share
tends to support. Many of the gender inequalities are mainly enacted with human resources. It is
only because practice ofHuman resources impact on hiring, training, promotion and pay of
women. In relation to this, gender inequality at the workplace might be consisting recruiting and
training to the single gender for specific role (Adriaanseand Claringbould, 2016). Sainsbury is
second largest chain of the supermarkets in United Kingdom. It was founded in year 1922 by
Drury Lane, London. In this organisation, men hold the senior positions than the women that
result in gender pay gap. This company is committed to improving the gender equality and also
acknowledge that there is more done to enhance women representations at the senior roles.
Rationale of Research
The present research has been taken in to consideration on impact of Gender equality in
leadership and management. The rationale for conducting present research is that it provides the
information regarding gender inequality. In an organization, there are fewer roles played by the
women staff in management and leadership and this is a main issue that reduces the morale of

staff members. Other than this, researcher conducts an investigation in personal and professional
context. In context to personal, an investigator wants to enhance the understanding and
knowledge regarding the gender equality at workplace and also its impact on the management
and leadership (Araujo and Tejedo-Romero, 2018). In professional context, researcher conducts
the research for enhancing the research skills and competencies. From this, researcher can able to
conduct the investigation in a better manner in future and also able to deal with any kind of
hurdles arising in research in future.
Research Aim
The aim of this research is “To determine impact of Gender equality in leadership and
management.” A study on Sainsbury in Drury Lane, London.
Research Objectives
 To understand concept of Gender equality in leadership and management.
 To examine positive and negative impact of the Gender equality in leadership and
management in Sainsbury.
 To determine gender barriers to Leadership and management in Sainsbury.
Research Questions
 What is Gender equality in leadership and management?
 What is the impact of Gender equality in the leadership and management in Sainsbury?
 What gender Barriers arise related to Leadership and management in Sainsbury?

LITERATURE REVIEW
It is comprehensive summary of the previous investigation on specific research area. The
literature review is mainly organised around the coherent questions set that provides the answers
by using the secondary method of data collection. In order to collect the information, there have
been secondary sources used such as books, websites, internet sources, journals etc. Other than
this, literature review mainly has the organisational pattern and also combines the synthesis as
well as summary. The main purpose of conducting literature review is to place each work in
relation to contribution for understanding research issue that is being studied.
Gender equality in leadership and management
On the basis of RozitaDadras (2019) Equal treatment of women and men is the equality
of gender. To ensure equality, certain communities take steps to address historical and social
inequalities, which preclude women and men otherwise from playing a "level playing
field."Equality between men and women is a conviction that men and women are to be handled
fairly. Individuals should be exempt from discrimination on grounds of sex. Gender inclusion,
racial equity, social equality or gender equality can also be named. Other than this, organizations
across the world are identifying requirements to determine the capabilities as well as potential of
women and they are coming forwarding with the equal opportunities in company to assure for
reducing the gender gap. Company gives the less importance to female employees in
management and leadership roles. According to their opinion that female employees are less
capable than male. In context to this, there is not lack of the qualified female for filling the
leadership roles. Leadership and management gender gap is persistent as well as pervasive but it
cannot solvable. In order to overcome from this issue, there is a need to manager to develop
equitable workplace culture with developing the fair and flexible expectations for women and
men employees. They need to assure about developing the fair policies by tools such as diversity
related training as well as blind resume screening. Other than this, manager should assure than
male and female employees should receive the equal pay for their work that is equivalent in
context to responsibility level, skills and efforts.
Sainsbury developed the equality and diversity policy aims to assure that talent of
employees are mainly used to full extent and prevent the workplace from discrimination.
Sainsbury have the include workforce that provides the employment opportunities to all people
of community (Coe, Wiley and Bekker, 2019).
Positive and negative impact of the Gender equality in leadership and management in Sainsbury.
According to this view point of Marvel (2018) it has been determine that gender equality
have positive as well as negative both impact on leadership and management within an
organization. Thus, explanations of positive as well as negative impact of gender equality at
Sainsbury are given below:-

Positive impact – By adopting Gender equality Sainsbury able to strengthens
communication within their workplace because through that they able to provide equal
opportunities to both the gender which helps in bringing new ideas as well as thoughts. Along
with this in respective company, Men are typically better at communicating issues and tackling
confrontation, whereas women are more culturally influenced to work as peacemakers and try to
solve an issue internally first. Apart from this, equal opportunities also result in developing
positive environment within Sainsbury through which all employees feel motivated and
encouraged. Furthermore, it also leads to situation at Sainsbury in which there will be no chances
of conflict because equal opportunities will be provided to both gender persons who result in
developing positive environment within respective company as well as it also help in
accomplishing goals and objectives of Sainsbury. Most important is that Sainsbury image will
also create in business environment as they are providing equal opportunities to both male and
females (Coe, Wiley and Bekker, 2019).
Negative impact – Along with positive impact there are some negative aspects that experienced
in Sainsbury related to providing equal opportunities to gender in term of leadership and
management. This is generally take place at respective company because women are sometimes
think with emotions which result in negative impact on leadership as well as management
decision. Moreover at Sainsbury females are not risk takers which may give negative impact on
company as they have to take major decisions sometimes within company (Eden and Gupta,
2017).
Thus, equal gender opportunities have positive as well as negative both impact on management
and leadership of Sainsbury. So to overcome with such type of barriers it is important for
Sainsbury to take major step as they can provide training and development session to employees
for minimizing negative impact (Eden and Gupta, 2017).
Gender barriers to Leadership and management in Sainsbury
As per the view point of RincónDiez, González and Barrero,(2017) it has been determine
that, equal opportunities to gender may result in several barriers to leadership which are
experienced at Sainsbury. As at respective company women’s cannot take major decision in term
of leadership because they take decisions emotionally this may sometimes result in negative
impact on leading a time. Along with this, leading is not this much easy it needs proper training
and development session. Thus, it is considered as responsibility of Sainsbury manager to design
appropriate session for their staff members who help them in overcoming with barriers in
effective manner. It will also help in removing gender barriers to leadership in appropriate
manner. Apart from this there is requirement of formal networks within working a business
environment in appropriate manner at the Sainsbury so that they can attain desire goal as well as
objective. In Sainsbury, women’s lack behind because they don’t have much formal networks in
comparison of men’s. To overcome with this barrier it is essential for Sainsbury female leaders
to build network within business environment because it will help them in conducting their role

of leadership in appropriate manner and also assist in accomplishing goals as well as objectives
(Haile, Emmanuel and Dzathor, 2016).

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is considered as technique or tool which is adopted by a research
or project manager in order to identify, choose, process and determine reliable and effective
information about the topic. For researcher it is essential to select proper research method as that
will help them in gathering reliable as well as valid information, data or statistics. There is
several advantages gain by researcher by adopting effective research methodology such as help
in development of logical thinking and organizing and it also help in playing dynamic role in
various field. Along with this selection of proper research methodology aid researcher in
decision making process by attaining their desire goal and objectives (Flynn, Haynes and
Kilgour, 2017). Respective research which is based on determining impact of gender equality in
management and leadership at Sainsbury and for that researcher adopt different research
methods. Under this, research onion has been used and it was developed through Saunders et.
Al. The different layers of research onion given below:
Research philosophy
Research philosophy is considered as tool which deals with source, development of
knowledge and nature. In another word it is considered as belied related to the ways in which
information or data about the phenomenon are collected, analyzed as well as used. There are
several types of research philosophy which researcher may adopt i.e. positivist research
philosophy, interpretive research philosophy, realistic research philosophy and pragmatist
research philosophy (Flynn, Haynes and Kilgour, 2017).
In respect of respective research, researcher has been adopted the pragmatist research
philosophy because through this researcher can identify most reliable as well as appropriate
information or data related to topic. The main advantage of adopting this model is to gather
information from the real world.
Research Approach
Research approach is determined as a plan or procedure which consists of phase of broad
assumptions related to detailed method of collecting, analyzing and interpreting data or
information. This is so natures of research problem are being addressed. Research approach are
divided into two categories i.e. approach of data collection as well as approach of data analysis
or reasoning. Along with this, it is also include inductive and deductive approach which based on
nature of research (Haake, 2018).
In respect of respective research project, researcher has been used the deductive research
approach because through that they able to gather more reliable as well as effective information.
The main advantage which is gain by researcher through respective approach is they able to
measure quantitative data properly as well as it also help in explaining effective relation among
the concepts and variables.

Research choice
It refers to that choice which is adopted by researcher in order to gather more appropriate
as well as authenticate information or data related to research topic. There are different types of
research methods which project manager may adopt i.e. qualitative research method as well as
quantitative research method (Haile, Emmanuel and Dzathor, 2016). Qualitative research method
refers to focus on the quality or feature and they considered phenomenology philosophy. The
method which include in this method is observation or ethnography as and its design is flexible
as well as emerging in nature. Data collection methods used in qualitative research is interview,
observation, artifacts, documents and many more. Their findings are based on description
detailed, comprehensive and holistic information or data. On the other hand, quantitative
research method is quantity focused method which includes number, statistics and data as well as
it is positivism philosophy. Methods include in this are correlation and experiments as well as its
design are based on structured and predetermined information. In quantitative research method
data collection is done with questionnaire, test, inventories and scales.
In respect of respective research, there has been quantitative research method used
because this gives the reliable outcomes and the better understanding regarding specific research
area (Kalysh, Kulik and Perera, 2016). Moreover, project manager adopt this methods because
through that they able to gather numerical as well as statistical data which help in getting desire
goal or outcome.
Research Strategy
In any activity, an individual must create a plan so that the whole task can be performed
on the basis of a structure. It is therefore important for researchers to adopt a single contextual
setting in order to build a better strategy. As there are various research strategies such as
observation, interviews, questionnaire and others
In conducting the present investigation, there has been questionnaire used as research
strategy and collecting the data regarding specific subject area (Kelan and Wratil, 2018).
Time horizon

Data collection
There are various methods for data collection that contribute to the collection of data and
information. This will help to increase the efficacy and validity of whole study. For this context,
the primary and the secondary form contain two kinds of data sources. There has been
questionnaire developed in primary method as gathering the relevant information (Klein, 2016).
Data analysis
It is related to analysis the data that is mainly collected from the primary research. For
analysis of data, there has been MS excel developed because it shows about the answers of
number of respondents. There have been themes developed for proper analysis of collected
information.
Cost and access
Cost is one of the most necessary factors while conducting an investigation. It is essential
that cost is necessary while conducting the research in an appropriate manner. On the other hand,
the access of information collection from primary and secondary data should be on the
researcher.

Sampling
This is related to the successful method in which people from the large population are
selected. The main purpose of this method is to gather detailed information to help draw a clear
conclusion at the end of the study. There are two sampling method, namely probability and non-
probability sampling.
There has been random sampling method as this is main part of probabilistic sampling.
There have been 40 respondents chosen by using random sampling method (Kossek and
Buzzanell, 2018). The main reason behind using this method is that it provides the equal chance
to chosen respondents.