Business Report on Leadership and Management in a Global Context

This business report delves into leadership and management strategies applicable in a global context, using the case of McDonald's Poland as a key example. It examines the three levels of an organization and their respective responsibilities, exploring the roles and styles of leadership and management from a theoretical perspective. The report also analyzes the effects of globalization on organizations, including diversity recruitment, professional development, and increased market competition. Furthermore, it provides an understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and reviews two responses adopted by organizations. The analysis covers the impact of globalization on human resources and the importance of adapting to external market demands. The report concludes with insights into effective leadership practices and their contribution to business success in a globalized environment.

Business report on
approaches to leadership and
management in a global
context.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Three levels of an organisation and their responsibilities .....................................................1
The Three level Framework...................................................................................................1
Roles and styles of leadership and management from theoretical perspective .....................3
Relevant effects of globalization facing the organization......................................................5
Understanding of CSR and review two responses adopted by organization.........................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is considered as the most effective process by which an individual or
executive can direct guide and influence the behaviour and work of others towards
accomplishment of specific goals and objectives in given situations (Cummings and Worley,
2014). In present report, different approaches of leadership that can be applied at three different
levels in the organisation have been discussed based on the article of Adam Pienkowski, CEO of
McDonald’s Poland. Various important decisions taken by him to increase the marketing and
branding of McDonald’s in Poland have been analysed. There are some important roles of
leadership and management from the perspective of organisation are also analysed. Globalisation
always represents the global integration of international trade investment, information
technology and cultures. Further, present report is developed to provide management and
leadership knowledge and tools to be applied by executives while working global context. There
are various effects have been provided by globalisation to the business enterprise which are
discussed by taking an analysis of McDonald’s case study. Concept of Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR) is also analysed along with the issues faced by organising due it and their
reponses.
Three levels of an organisation and their responsibilities
There are different ways to determine levels of business organisation such as the terms
used in business process modelling. Organisation is considered as part of an economic system as
it responds to the marketplace, competition and fluctuating resources etc (Scott and Davis,
2015). As per the analysis of article. CEO provides an understanding that survival of
organisation depends upon its ability to adapt to the demands of this external system. In this
context, a framework is used to determine three different levels of organisation and their
responsibilities associated with key functional areas.
The Three level Framework
PI Goals Design Management
Organisation
Level
Organisation
Goals
Organisation
Design
Organisation
Management
Process
Level
Process
Goals
Process
Design
Process
Management

Job/
Performer
Level
Job Goals Job Design Job
Management
 Organisation level: In this level, it is significant is to consider the all major function of
the business. An analysis of organisational levels might include the listning functions that
support that each product family in the manufacturing organisation. McDonald’s also
consists of this organisational level at which they will define their goals, design the
functions they needs to performance like marketing, research and development , sales and
also need to manage those functions (Harper, 2015). In this level, Goals are strategic in
which the management will identifies organisation's products service, Market consumers,
competitive advantage, priorities etc. At design stage, a map of organisation is contructed
by identifying the various units, functions, departments, individuals expected to
participate in or impact the process. At management level, organisation is managed in
four dimensions like Goal, performance, resources and interface. McDonald's also consist
of these functional areas and it is responsibilities of indivuduals at top , middle , lower
level in management to performance these functions.
 Process level: It is considered to be important link between organisation and individual
performance. As per the article, this level in McDonald's usually offers the greatest
opportunities for improvement. It also includes three important function development of
process goal, process design and process management. In this, individual at top level
management will derive the process goal from three sources like organisation goals,
customer’s requirement, benchmarking information (Wheelen and et.al., 2017). In
process design, management will make a structure of process. Process management stage
involves the functions goal management, performance management, resources
management, interface management. McDonald's at process level has managed high level
of operational standards, speed of execution, aligned franchising so that McDonald's
corporation sees Poland as ideal market to test new ideas. It involves all activities that
support a major service that McDonald’s provides to their customers.
 Job/ performer level: At this level , management performance the functions to place
well trained people in a setting will clear expectation, minimal task interference,
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reinforcement of consequences and appropriate feedback that they will be motivated.
There are three stage at this level which are associated with different functions like
◦ Performer goals: At this stage, employees at different levels of management in
organisation make processes work, thus their goals need to be directed towards
process contributions (Bryson, 2018). Article states, McDonald's also designs various
goals for its employee that needs to be directed towards the contribution in the
process. They aims to provide training to their so that their performance will increase.
◦ Design: At this stage, organisation looks at designing a sequence of activities to be
performed, job procedures and also allocates responsibilities to employees at different
levels of management.
◦ Performer management: At this level, Company that effective leadership will be
provided to employees. Success of McDonald's in Poland also defines the efforts of
its management in managing performance of their employees and providing them
motivation, resources, selection, training etc.
Roles and styles of leadership and management from theoretical perspective
According to case study, leadership plays an important role and its part of management
function in every organisation. There are different role and styles of leadership are mentioned
which can be used by McDonald’s and its management.
Role of leadership and management
 Understanding and interpreting the environment: A leaders in the organisation plays an
important role in analysing opportunities that should target actions and also see the
threats before they materialize (Benn, Dunphy and Griffiths, 2014). According to the give
case study, Leaders in McDonald's also aims to understand and interprete business
environment
 Development of wining strategies: Leaders at different level in management needed to
develop strategies to get expected results. Business make money by creating value fro
customers and then capturing some of it for themselves from what the customer pays for
that created value (Northouse, 2015). With the effective leadership strategies, they will be
able provide motivation to employees and develop coordination so that employee will
focus on achievement of commong goal.
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 Execution: As per the analysis, it is also important role of leadership to help the
management in excution of strategies by defining different ways. With effective
implementation of strategies leaders will be able to provide support to the organization in
achievement of their objectives and excel in market.
 Measurement and control: After implementation, leaders of organisation also analyse the
results of the strategies implemented on business performance and improvement of
business activities in organization.
Style of leadership and management.
 Autocratic style: It implies to the leadership style that allows the managers to take
decisions alone without any input of others. Managers possess total authority and impose
their will no employees. It is beneficial for those employees in Mcdonald's who requires
close supervision.
 Democratic style: Participative leadership style values to thee imput of team members
and peers in the organization but the responsibilities of making the final decision will
rests with the participative leader (Waddock and Bodwell, 2017). In Artcile, CEO of
McDonald's also provided a review that company follows this style of leadership and
takes suggestions from employee to improve their products and services.
 Transactional: Managers who use this leadership style will receive certain tasks to
perform and also gives rewards or punishments to employees based on their results of
performance. Manager in McDonald's possess the power to reviews results and train
employees when employee fails to meet the goals.
 Tranformational: Leaders in this style depends on ghigh levels of communication from
management in order to meet the goals (Child, 2015). Leaders motivate employees and
enhance productivity and effeciency through communication and high visibility.
As per the above mentioned style of leadership and management, Democratic or
partcipative is needed to be adopted by McDonald's in order to improve their business
operations and performance. In this style, Managers will provide values to the opinion of their
employees towards improvement of process , products and service to achieve customers
satifaction and it will also support the manager to take decision related to new products
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development. As it was mentioned in article that, before appointment of Adams, McDonald's
market performance in Poland was not so good and customers base of company was very less.
But after appointment of its CEO, company has achieved high growth by changes in their
products and services. There are various important decisions and strategies have been
implementated by CEO as a result of which he has achieved an ability to excel the growth of
business and achieve objectives McDonald's coporation.
Relevant effects of globalization facing the organization.
Globalization is an important term that refers to the intergration of operations, process
and strategies of organisation in to the diverse cultures products , services and ideas. It also have
deep imact on ways the organization manage their employees (Yakovleva, 2017). Effects of
globalization on Human resources will help the managers to better equip the their organisation
for increasingly global business. Article has provided an understanding that globalization has
provided influence on employees , operations and performance of organisation in market. Below
given are the effect provided by globalization like: Diversity recruitment: Continuous rise in globalization, companies of all sizes are now
communicating with their customers and stakeholders which are from diverse cultures,
languages and social background (Kazi., 2011). Organization like McDonald's engaing in
this diversity recruitment recognise the values of having people contributes towards the
range of ideas and influences within an organization. Companies are becoming more and
more hetrogeneous. Professional development: Another effect of globalization on organization is a puch for
professional development which is concerned with the delegation of opportunities to
employee so that they will achieve their carreer related goals (Gallardo-Vázquez and
Sanchez-Hernandez, 2014). According to case study, Mcdonald's provides resources for
their employees to achieve more experience and send them to training prrogrammes.
 Greater Emphasis on training: As per the organization, greater training requirements
among the employees in organisation has resulted because of globalization in human
resource management. Training needs to focus on needs and professional competencies
of groups of employees within the organisation. This major emphasis on training
increases the cost of organization and but it provided a competitive adavantage to
organization in global market place by honinin the workers diversity emphasis.
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 Increased market competition: At international level, globalization has increased
opportunities of every business enterprise to expand their business operations. But it has
became an emerging issues for enterprise because companies are now more focused on
achievement of growth due to which competition and rivarly has been increased in
market. Along with this, Workers of organizational are also chasing there job
opportunities across the national borders. As per market analysis, McDonald's is also
facing huge competition in food industry due to globalization.
Understanding of CSR and review two responses adopted by organization.
Corporate social responsibility termed as emerging movement which is aimed at
ecouraging employees to be more aware of impact of their business on the rest of scoiety that
involves their stakeholders as well as environment. Corporate social responsibilities is a business
that contributes towards the sustainable developments by providing economic, social,
environment benefits for all the stakeholders (Bouckaert, Peters and Verhoest, 2016). It is also
considered as coporate citizenship andcan involve incurring short term costs which will not
provide an immediate financial benefits to the company but the instead promote positive social
and evironmental change. Environment efforts is primary focus of enterprise. Business
regardless of size have a large carbon footprint (Marchington and et.al., 2016.). As per the case
study, McDonald's have also focused on this major focus on this movement and ecouraged
employees to be more aware of impact of their business on the rest of scoiety that involves their
stakeholders as well as environment. Providing benefits to customers is also considered as
responsibility of organisation which has provided support to them in increasing their market
branding. Along with this, McDonald's has also has more than 400 stores in which they have
generated vacancies for individuals and talent development drives the execution of their
programs in a positive way. Further, two responses which are adopted by McDonald's brand in
Poland are as follows:
Provided employment: McDonald’s is a brand that is forever young. They have provided
employment for Poland’s younger generations, and give them hope for the future (Hammer,
2015). This is the moment they start their careers, it’s a new stage in their lives, and we bring
them into a proper team working environment with a leading global corporation. By this, the
they have resolved issues of unemployment from the society and lead to growth and
development.
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Alignment with franchise community: As compared to their competitors, CEO has asid that
McDonald's keep much stronger alignment with their franchise community as far as operational
service standard are concerned. It is all about trust and transparency and they want be sure that
enterpreneur know how much they should expect to invest over a three or four period in
advance , just to prepare them for an important business decision (Pettigrew, 2014). They have
also developed strong relationship with suppliers and invest a lot in lacl farmers because
customers want to eat locally sourced beef and lacally grown potatoes.
CONCLUSION
In this report, it is concluded analysed that effective leadership in organization plays an
important role in provding growth and development of organisation and employees.
Globalisation always represents the global integration of international trade investment,
information technology and cultures. Analysis of Artcile of Adam pienkowski who is CEO of
McDonald's has provided a review that company was not in good before his recruitment but later
on his decisions and strategies have provided major growth and opportunities to Corporation for
expansion of their business operations in Poland. Adam have considered as Coporate social
reponsibility as an effective strategy to achieve growth in market and increasing growth and
recognition of people in society and local community. In order to increase the economic
development of people, they have provided various job opportunities to individual of young
generations. Along with this, they have also developed relationship with their local beef
suppliers and local framers so that they will get local potatoes and meet the requirements of their
customers. Globalization was also a great concern for top management which has provided them
competitive advantage by hiring people from diversified background and provided them training
to increasing their skills.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014. Organizational change for corporate
sustainability. Routledge.
Bouckaert, G., Peters, B.G. and Verhoest, K., 2016. Coordination of Public Sector
Organizations. Palgrave Macmillan.
Bryson, J.M., 2018. Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to
strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement. John Wiley & Sons.
Child, J., 2015. Organization: contemporary principles and practice. John Wiley & Sons.
Cummings, T.G. and Worley, C.G., 2014. Organization development and change. Cengage
learning.
Gallardo-Vázquez, D. and Sanchez-Hernandez, M.I., 2014. Measuring Corporate Social
Responsibility for competitive success at a regional level. Journal of Cleaner Production,
72, pp.14-22.
Hammer, M., 2015. What is business process management?. In Handbook on Business Process
Management 1 (pp. 3-16). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Harper, C., 2015. Organizations: Structures, processes and outcomes. Routledge.
Marchington and et.al., 2016. Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers.
Northouse, P.G., 2015. Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Pettigrew, A.M., 2014. The politics of organizational decision-making. Routledge.
Reason, J., 2016. Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Routledge.
Scott, W.R. and Davis, G.F., 2015. Organizations and organizing: Rational, natural and open
systems perspectives. Routledge.
Waddock, S. and Bodwell, C., 2017. Total responsibility management: The manual. Routledge.
Wheelen and et.al., 2017. Strategic management and business policy. pearson.
Yakovleva, N., 2017. Corporate social responsibility in the mining industries. Routledge.
Online
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Kazi., B. T., 2011. “Effects of Globalization on Work and Organizations: Exploring Post-
Industrialism, Post-Fordism, Work and Management in the Global Era”. [Online]. Available
through:<http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1693/effects-of-globalization-on-work-and-
organizations-exploring-post-industrialism-post-fordism-work-and-management-in-the-global-
era>
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