Leadership Styles and Development: A Literature Review Analysis

This literature review explores the evolution of leadership research, examining various theoretical, empirical, and meta-analysis studies to provide insights into leadership styles and their impact on organizational behavior. The review highlights the importance of leadership development in the corporate and educational sectors, emphasizing the need to understand different leadership dimensions, styles, and behaviors. The study delves into the influence of autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire leadership styles on employee motivation and organizational performance. It also examines the role of leadership development in enhancing employee commitment, maximizing human potential, and gaining a competitive advantage. The literature review concludes with recommendations for future research, emphasizing the need for leadership models with specific outcomes, reflective practices, and a focus on the development of empathy, motivation, and guidance within organizations to achieve long-term goals. The study draws on key research by authors like Abeen, Khan, and Manzoor (2020), Ambad et al. (2021), Kim, Du-Babcock, and Chang (2020), Zafar, Tharwani, and Saher (2020), and Zambrano (2019).

Literature Review

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Literature review explores the development of theoretical, empirical, and meta-analysis in
particular research segment to come across a judgement and support the previous and exisiting
findings. Leadership research is one of the key topics in corporate and education, and it is huge
progress in discovering some prolonged mysteries associated with leadership. In the coming
decades, leadership research is very much in the history of mankind. Substantial effort has gone
into clarifying the different dimensions of leadership such as organizational and social research
on leadership principles, styles and behaviours (Kim, Du-Babcock and Chang, 2020). The study
of leadership literature review reveals that researchers have redefined it over a period of time and
changed the principles and practices of leadership development, although previous missions were
relevant, no faded over the years. The purpose of the current research is to evaluate and find out
the existing and previous finding on the leadership style and behaviour for the future
recommendation and development.
LITERATURE REVIEW
According to the viewpoint of Abeen, Khan and Manzoor (2020), it has been argued that the
leader's ability to function effectively among his followers is to examine one's personal mastery
differently depends upon its approach. It has been also found that as a leader one can approach
and modify different approaches based on the context for performance. Work and relationship
behavior is important to the idea of leadership style of individual leaders and their effectiveness
depends on how they use it their styles for the various situational contrasts. Leadership style is
the key determinant of success or failure of the leader’s behavioural approach is to provide
encouragement and guidance to the organization and his people in order to achieve the strategical
goals of the employer. Since the emergence of the theory of behavior, the researcher has
1

identified three main leadership styles, namely democratic, autocratic, and lassies-faire styles,
which are considered to be the most important determinants of leadership style to increase the
degree of employee motivation within an organisation. In organizations, leadership styles can
positively (reward) and negatively (penalize) employees, and also have its own effects on
employee behavior depending on attitude and motivation, which can affect organizational
performance (Ambad, and et. al 2021). It has been found that a autocratic leaders make a
decision regardless and without involving their followers and Lassies-Fire leaders allow their
followers to make decisions democratic leader always involve the employee being the part of the
decision making process. Many research have argue that the leadership style is one factors that
intensify the commitment of individuals to the organization goals.
Zafar, Tharwani and Saher (2020), have pointed out their opinion that the in recent years,
leadership management has become one of the most researched subjects in the field literature and
researcher have worked on leadership development to understand the dynamics of human
behavior against the group and their performance. Leadership development is becoming
important and strategic for companies in the current business because without effective
leadership at the workplace there is no smooth attainment of the goals. Therefore leadership
development is an important part of today's competitive world in order to increase the ability of
individuals to gain competitive benefits. Leadership development is under consideration
implemented in companies to maximize human potential and gain competitive advantage.
Leadership development found to be as the growth opportunity out routine work responsibilities
for personal development and organizational development (Zambrano, 2019). These are
development and growth plan which can be used to develop leadership and managerial skills
tailored to current job needs, and they can be used to carry out and implement new projects in
2

operations and successfully achieve the set goals. Moreover, leadership development plan can be
seen as the great helpful for identifying, motivating and managing the teams and can guide the
manager in order to leader and adopts the various attributes which are required for the job in
effective execution of the leaders performance towards the organisational growth goals.
CONCLUSION
` Through the above carried out literature research, leadership has been identified as an
important subject in the organizational field behavior. Leadership is one of the most powerful
effects of personal and organizational relationships. In other words, the ability of management to
implement a "cooperation effort" depends on leadership ability. Although a specific definition of
leadership and its style is a complex task, studies show that none globally accepted definition.
Leadership is about the influence that leaders have on their followers developing a complex and
energetic, more holistic approach will increase the researcher’s focus on exploring how to lead
affects the effects and how it can be created. Researchers have studied and proposed over a
period of time. There are many theories about leadership qualities, behavior and style but there is
no such thing as proper leadership style for a leader because all these based on the behavioural
theory of the management.
From the above carried out research it has been commendation that Leadership theories
that focus more on behavioural change may have a greater impact in compassion to the behavior
theories centred on emotional or cognitive change. For the future development and improvement
there need to suggest that future missions are needed for leadership development which tell the
user how leadership models are adopted by participants to achieve the desired results. To prove
For the effectiveness of leadership intervention, organisation need to structure leadership models
with specific outcomes and make firm confidence in participants in fostering greater leader
3

performance. To make an impact on the organization through leadership Development, these
development projects should be supported in organizations through ongoing, reflective practices.
Although the literature reflects, objective-organization and review linked to leadership role and
organizational strategy, lack of strong global evaluation of leadership development programs,
especially those that fail to identify performance of long-term effects on investment made. In
today's global context, the key feature of a Leadership style and leadership development is about
encouraging, motivating, empowering and guiding his followers / team members, Empathy for
achieving organizational goals through a long term vision and being a person who is flexible
when the change begins.
4

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ambad, S.N.A., Kalimin, K.M., Damit, D.H.D.A. and Andrew, J.V., 2021. The mediating effect
of psychological empowerment on leadership styles and task performance of academic
staff. Leadership & Organization Development Journal.
Jabeen, A., Khan, M.A. and Manzoor, M., 2020. EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF
LEADERSHIP STYLES ON PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION. Gomal University
Journal of Research, 36(2).
Kim, H.W., Du-Babcock, B. and Chang, H., 2020. Following the Leader: An Analysis of
Leadership and Conformity in Business Meetings. IEEE Transactions on Professional
Communication, 63(4), pp.311-326.
ZAFAR, B., THARWANI, M. and SAHER, S., 2020. DETERMINANTS OF STUDENT
LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY. IJRAR-International Journal of
Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 7(1), pp.301-310.
Zambrano, R.H., 2019. The value and imperative of diversity leadership development and
mentoring in healthcare. Journal of Healthcare Management, 64(6), pp.356-358.
5