Leadership and Management: Comparing Roles, Situations, and Theories

This report delves into the critical aspects of leadership and management, examining the distinct roles and characteristics of leaders and managers within an organizational context. It contrasts their responsibilities, emphasizing how leaders build teams, motivate, and provide support, while managers focus on policy implementation, training, and performance monitoring. The report explores leadership styles, including system leadership, and analyzes how leaders and managers adapt to various situations, such as customer relations, employee management, and supplier interactions. It also discusses the decision-making processes and the importance of training and development. Furthermore, the report provides a comparative analysis of leadership and management theories and models, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, it examines key approaches to operations management and the roles of leaders and managers in the context of Hyundai, emphasizing factors influencing operational management and decision-making.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Compare different roles and characteristics of leaders and managers..............................1
M1 Differentiate between the role of a leader and function of a manager.............................3
P2 Role of leaders and managers according to the different situations..................................3
P3 Theories and models of approach......................................................................................5
M2 Strengths and weaknesses of different approaches..........................................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
P4 key approaches for operations management and role of leaders and managers in Hyundai
company.................................................................................................................................7
M3 Leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management.................8
P5 Importance and value of operations management in Hyundai for achieving business
objectives................................................................................................................................8
P6 Factors which have an impact on operational management and decision-making by leaders
and managers in Hyundai company.......................................................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Management and operations is considered as one of the important factor and strengthens
an organisation in operating its business in a better manner. Assignment will include various
kind of theories and models of leadership for having better understanding. Two case scenarios
are mentioned on the basis of which the entire report will be conducted (Barratt, Choi and Li,
2011). Along with this, the comparison of different roles and characteristics of leaders and
manager is included along with examples and functions of managers according to different
situational contexts. Lastly, factors within business environment and its impact on operational
management while decision making is mentioned in this report.
TASK 1
P1 Compare different roles and characteristics of leaders and managers
Leaders and manager both plays an important role in an organisation as they perform
their task individually according to the capabilities and strengths they are acquiring. Leaders are
said to be a person who take an initiative in guiding and showing the right path to an individual
so that they can achieve their set targets and goals in speculated time frame. For this, leaders uses
latest tools and technologies for making appropriate strategies. Whereas Managers, are
considered as one who manages the entire organisation and assign the task in an proper manner.
From the given case study it has been evaluated that person has joined the company six months
back and he has performing all the task in an effective manner (Binder and Edwards, 2010). He
was able to manage the entire task and perform his activities even after all his team mates have
gone home. This shows that he is not supported by his team as a result the person is not being
able to manage his team and the time that was given to them are not enough for accomplishing
the work in a right manner. Therefore, he must includes certain traits and characteristics which
will assist him in managing and performing entire work properly.
Role of leaders:
Builds a team: The foremost duty of leaders is to build a suitable team with the help of
whom company can attain their set targets and objectives in given period of time. Leaders can
include those individuals who share the same mind set.
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Great motivator: Leaders are considered as the great motivators who conduct different
kinds of activities just to encourage its team mates so that they can perform their activities with
enthusiasm.
Supportive in nature: Leaders take initiative in supporting its team members in different
circumstances and situations. They always guide individuals and show ways for completing their
task in a proper manner.
Role of managers:
Implementation of new policies and plans: Making new policies and plan if action is not
an easy task as it requires people who are excellent in this job. So, here managers plays a crucial
role as they help company and other departments in evaluating and implementing the task in a
better manner.
Provides training programmes: This is an another work that is performed by Manages
and for this they monitor activities that are done by them so that superiors can identify the
training programmes that will provide them maximum benefits.
Keep an eye on actions: Managers' another prime role is to keep an eye on the activities
that are performed by an individuals as it will assist them in evaluating the nature and behaviour
of an individual towards their organisation (Burke, 2013).
Characteristics of managers and leaders:
Creative: Managers and leaders both must be creative as in their field in which they are
capable. As this will help them in implementing new and innovative plan for their business
operations.
Confident: Both leaders and managers are determined as the face of the company as they
communicate with different stakeholders and various institution for having a better growth. So, it
is essential that they have high confidence level and effective communication skills.
Positive attitude:
Basis Leaders Managers
TASK Leaders are given with the work that
are assigned by the managers their
prime role is to explain the entire task
in a better manner so that teammates
can accomplish them effectively. As a
Their major role is to allocate the task in
a right manner according to the
capabilities an individual and team
acquires. Other than this, they plan and
manage entire work that is to be done in
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result it assist them in attaining goals
and objectives in given time frame.
an organisation.
Invention They are considered as a great
inventor as they identify hidden talents
that are unbuild by an individual.
Along with this, they are look out for
the various strategies that are available
in the market area so that all the work
is carried out in a unprecedented
manner (Chen and et. al., 2011).
In terms of managers that are highly
responsible for maintaining a status quo
for completing the work according to the
guidelines provided top them.
Control Leaders mainly focus on the resources
that are available to them and they
make appropriate use of them for
accomplishing the task by also sees
that they have a proper control on
resources.
Whereas managers of an organisation
monitor their team members and
individuals so that they can attain their
own goals and objectives right on time.
Creating
Value
Leaders focus for the motive of
enhancing the value for a company.
In terms of managers, they are
implement those strategies through
which they can add value to their
products and organisation as well.
M1 Differentiate between the role of a leader and function of a manager
In every company both managers and leaders play their crucial role in providing
maximum benefits with the help of skills and knowledge they have. This assist them in attaining
set targets and objectives in speculated time frame. For example: role of leader is to show and
provide appropriate paths for accomplishing goals. Whereas managers will provide team mates
with basic and proper facilities which are required for completing the work.
P2 Role of leaders and managers according to the different situations
Managers and Leaders are the one with the help of whom company perform different
kinds of task and operations, therefore, decision making depends upon the situations and
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circumstances that are according to the current market. From the given scenario, it has been
evaluated they leaders and managers both are important for providing information to its
subordinates and employees (Chen and et. al., 2010). Thus, some of the roles and responsibilities
that are performed by leaders and managers are given below in order to understand entire
concept in a better manner:
Customers: Customers are the one for whom company manufacture products so it is
essential that firm identify the needs and wants of customers in order to manufacture goods
according to the choices and preferences. For this, managers set a guidelines that are to be
performed by leaders for getting effective outcomes. Whereas leaders, they motivate and explain
the entire task to its employees and team members for achieving the desired goals and objectives
in speculated time frame. Other than this, they encourage their squad, for accomplishing work in
a better manner. Whereas managers hire eligible candidates who are suitable and best fits for the
job.
Employees: Workers plays an important part in an organisation as they are considered as
an significant assent for the organisation. Entire procedure and performance of an activity
depends upon on them. Leaders provide their guidance in managing entire task in a right manner
as a result it will give them chance of enhancing their revenues and profit in given period of
time. For employees managers conduct various kind of training programmes just to improve the
skills and knowledge that are acquired by an individual. Therefore, it will assist organisation in
providing goods and commodities according to their needs and wants of people.
Suppliers: Unlike other factors they are considered as an important element as without
them company cannot finish goods and commodities (Cruz and Marques, 2011). Thus, suppliers
assist firm in providing raw materials that are required for manufacturing products. Therefore, it
is essential that company maintain a good relation with all their suppliers in order to get raw
materials right on time which will enable enterprise in delivering excellent products to its
customers.
Society: Company must go through the factor that are present in the society, as it will
assist them in producing goods in a better manner. Thus, in manager and leaders formulate rules
and regulations accordingly so as to get effective results in speculated time frame. This will
assist company in increasing their market value and shares better than previous years.
Other than this there role according to the different situations are explained below:
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Decision-making process: This is considered as an important factor for providing
benefits to the company. In context with managers they include important employees who can
help them in taking appropriate decisions for their business operations. Further they can take
feedbacks from its workers so that superiors can make changes if it is required. Similarly in
terms of leaders they encourage workers for equally participate in meetings and seminars.
Role of leaders: In this, leaders play their role of choosing appropriate paths through
which goals and objectives can be achieved.
Function of mangers: To demonstrate whether decision that is taken by leader will give
effective results or not. What other approaches company can use for accomplishing their task.
Training and development: Leaders evaluate the qualities that are possessed by an
individual this will enable managers in implementing tools and techniques that will accomplish
the entire process of training and development. Managers look out whether the entire procedure
is going in a right manner or not.
Role of leaders: Under this, leaders can give their proposal of what training and
development programmes company can choose in order to improve skills and knowledge
acquired by an individual.
Function of mangers: They can monitor the performance of employees in order to know
what kind of training they are required to provide for betterment of the company.
P3 Theories and models of approach
There are various theories and model of approach that company adopt in order to perform
their task in a better. As a result it will assist companies in sustaining a better position in market
area along with obtaining set goals and targets in in specific time period. Basically, leadership
styles consist of three type that are explained below:
System leadership: This kind of leadership style helps a company in performing their
work in a systematic manner. Thus, it is used by most of the organisation in resolving different
kinds of problems which can act as a barrier in business operations. Leaders optimised this for
collaborating the views and thoughts of different individuals so that they can work for a common
goal. Systematic leadership is very effective for communication process which helps up level
management interacting with lower level management in an appropriate way (Galindo and Batta,
2013). Like a procedure or a laws that are implemented by top level management and than goes
through a certain steps like from superiors to managers and than to leaders and so on. For
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example: This will create a transparency between employees and superiors and it reduces the
chances of conflicts in an organisation. As a result it will help company in maintaining a healthy
environment at workplace. For example: Hyundai in order to manufacture cars can use system
leadership so that all departments can perform their task in a systematic manner like assembling
of engines by engineers.
Situational leadership: Person who follow this kind of leadership style they work as per
circumstances that are present in the market area. First, they go through the situation so as to
evaluate the what kind of strategies can be helpful in gaining maximum results. Further after
doing this, they optimised best suitable methods for eliminating problems that are actin as a
barrier in business operations. Other than this, leaders incorporate innovative ideas through
which the can get maximum benefits as a result it will make them different from others. For
example: if company is going through losses than they can make strategies according to current
market scenario so that they can attain a better position at market area. Other than this, it will
assist them in managing the entire task in an effective manner. For example: People are liking
aero dynamic structured cars and for this, Hyundai can start manufacturing cars accordingly so
as to increase sales and profitability.
Contingency leadership: This type of leadership style is same as situational theory of
leadership as it also helps them in formulating the strategies according to different
circumstances. This will help them in transforming the negative outcomes into positive one, as a
result contingency leadership style is applicable for making future planning so as to gain
effective outcomes. Fro example: If it is required that employees need proper training for better
result than as per the requirements company must give them the same. For example: It is an
urgent demand of special sports cars in total of 50 so, here managers and leaders will focus on
completing this task in order to improve their sales and profitability.
M2 Strengths and weaknesses of different approaches
Contingency leadership theory
Strength- It is beneficial in providing accurate data which assist company in executing
their strategies in better manner.
Weakness- Contingency theory is reactive in nature rather proactive. After applying this,
complexities can be arise.
Situational theory
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Strength- It is very helpful in providing training programmes according to circumstances.
Weaknesses- This theory is limited in terms of flexibility of business activities.
System leadership
Strength- When company wants to make quality products by considering all the aspects
than this theory will give them better results in return. It assist company in taking better decision
as per scenario.
Weakness- Because this theory is complex thus, it cannot be applied in practical
conditions.
Management theories
Modern theory of management: As per the current scenario and trends that are available
in the market area, maximum number of companies are applying this modern theory of
management. As this enable them in incorporating new and latest technologies for manufacturing
and expanding their business operations in an effective manner (Giegerich, 2010). This enables
company in producing best quality products and services to its customers.
Classical theory of management: It is considered as one of the oldest form of theory
which is although its an old system but give effective result in return. As compared with modern
theory of management these are time consuming.
Henceforth, all the activities that are performed by leaders and managers are fascinated
by the models and theories of management and they are implementing them in their lives for
gaining maximum results and better outcomes.
TASK 2
P4 key approaches for operations management and role of leaders and managers in Hyundai
company
Management and operations plays a crucial role in an organisation as it enable leaders
and managers in performing their activities in an appropriate manner. With the help of
management and operations company make proper decision as it will give them an overview
about things that are going in the market area. There are some of the theories that have been
optimised by Hyundai are given below:
Six Sigma Theory: If any company wants to do any kind of improvement in their
business operations than they acquire this theory. It was given by Bill Smith who was an
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engineer by profession (Ivanov, Sokolov and Kaeschel, 2010). Six Sigma theory, company try to
evaluate the cause that is the reason in having reduced variability in the entire process of
manufacturing procedure of products. It goes through certain steps which includes minimisation
of process cycle, reduce pollution and reduce the cost of commodities that are produced in order
to satisfy the needs and wants of customers. In context with Hyundai they comes under top most
companies in the world, and this theory is helping them in manufacturing cars without any flaws.
They are using Six Sigma for procurement, finance, sales and marketing.
Lean Production: This assist company in eliminating and reducing wastage of products
so that they can produce goods that can add value in their products. For producing best quality
products Hyundai is using this approach, this is helping them in pushing out new models form
factories in a rapid speed. Therefore, before selling out the products they go through the quality
check from Alabama plant, further it is aiding them in gaining competitive advancement.
Total quality Management(TQM): For implementing new and innovative ideas TQM
management is important as it enhances the productivity and profitability by eliminating the
unnecessary obstruction. In case if Hyundai, for giving quality products to its customers around
104,731 employees are working and they are providing excellent quality services.
Therefore, Hyundai while manufacturing goods that are implementing policies like
“Assurance Gas Lock”, which is providing them maximum benefits in return as it is giving
allowance in return. Along with this, for increasing their sales and profitability they are offering
tax credits to buyers so that they can avail maximum benefits in return.
M3 Leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management
Hyundai is a renowned organisation in which managers and leaders are performing their
role in executing business plans in a better manner. Moreover to achieve best results company is
using latest tools and technologies and approaches as well like total quality time, six sigma and
many more.
P5 Importance and value of operations management in Hyundai for achieving business
objectives
Hyundai is considered as one of the leading company, that are manufacturing excellent
quality of cars for its customers. For this they are setting specific objectives according to which
they can perform their task. This will enable them in obtaining all the set goals and objectives
right on time (AJacobs, Chase and Lummus, 2011). According to the case scenario it has been
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evaluated that they are hiring eligible candidates as their managers and leaders so as obtain their
targets. Certain activities that are performed by both managers and leaders are mentioned below:
Improves the productivity of organisation: Operation management is helping Hyundai in
enhancing the productivity of organisation. They are focussing on making and developing two-
quality targets within three years so that they can achieve the top five level during the period of
five years.
Customer's satisfaction: Hyundai is very known for manufacturing cars according to the
needs and wants of customers as a result it is helping them in getting better revenues. For this
they are selecting suitable candidates who are “hardest- working employees on the planet” as
said by John Krafcik, president and CEO of Hyundai. Further for attracting more and more
customers towards their organisation they are taking feedbacks about drawbacks in cars so that
they can make changes in their next model.
Reduce wastage: Since the time Hyundai was established in the year 1999, they are
thinking of manufacturing goods that are of superior quality. For this, they are producing goods
from raw materials that are best in quality. Along with this, they are thinking of reducing
wastages and making eco friendly cars that are harming less damage to environment.
Increase profits: After implementing new and innovative plans company is enhancing its
profits level which is assisting them in gaining superior position at market area. Before, selling
their cars company's quality team, check the entire products so that flaws can be eliminated.
Quite costly but reliable: Although some cars of Hyundai are expensive but they are
reliable as they are superior is quality. Before, fixing their rates company is going through entire
process of taking feedbacks and reviews.
P6 Factors which have an impact on operational management and decision-making by leaders
and managers in Hyundai company
There are various factors that can affect the operational management and in decision-
making for managers and leaders. Thus, it have direct impact on business, therefore, some of the
factors that can affect the entire process are given below:
CSR: It is considered as one of the business model that is used by most of the
organisation in decision making. For attaining results they go beyond the laws and regulations so
as to deliver best quality products to its customers. In context with Hyundai, through Cooperate
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