Leadership and Management: Roles, Functions, and Theories Report

This report examines leadership and management concepts within the context of Corus Steel, a TATA group company. It explores the distinct roles and characteristics of leaders and managers, differentiating their functions through various theories such as classical and contemporary approaches. The report delves into how managers utilize different functions in various situations, incorporating situational and contingency theories, and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches within an organizational setting. It also addresses the application of leadership and management in operational activities, emphasizing the importance of effective communication and decision-making elements. The report concludes by measuring how leaders and managers can enhance the efficiency of operational activities and achieve business goals, highlighting the importance of adaptability and strategic thinking in fostering a productive work environment.

Leadership and
Management Concepts

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK1.............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Explain briefly about the various roles as well as characteristics of leaders and managers in
brief.........................................................................................................................................3
M1 Figure out and differentiate between the function of leaders and role of manger by various
theories ..................................................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Describe the how managers and use different functions in various situations..................5
P3 Use various theories and model of approaches which include situational and contingency
theory......................................................................................................................................6
M2 Depict the strengths and weakness of different approaches in the organisation..............7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Use various approaches in operation activities and also define the role of leaders and
managers.................................................................................................................................8
P5 Describe the use of operations in order to achieve business goals.................................10
M3 Measure how leaders and managers can better their efficiency of operational activities11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
P6 Define the various elements which effect the decision making in organisation.............12
M4 Explain how different elements effect the business organisation..................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
It is an art of motivating people or group of individual to act towards achieving common
goal. In the organisation leaders plays an vital role in directing as well as controlling the workers
and colleagues with proper planning in order to meet the strategy of the company. In other words
leadership inspire the people to achieve its common goal. Effective leaders come up with unique
ideas which help them to engage in such a manner which help organisation to expand and grow
effectively. This report is done on the Corus steel UK which is part TATA group. Manager are
those people who manage and control all the business activities in a well defined manner. They
maintain the positive environment as well as track the employees performance to make proper
use of resources. There are various theory such as classical and contemporary theories which are
used in this report to understand the role of leadership as well as managers in well defined
manner. This also cover different elements to which directly impact the business environment
and importance of operation management in an organisation.
TASK1
P1 Explain briefly about the various roles as well as characteristics of leaders and managers in
brief
Leaders and manager have their unique function which help company to accomplished
their roles and duty effectively. Every business entity become successful with support and
guidance of leaders and their managers. This help in developing a sustainable and effective
business environment for company. Leaders take quality decision which help in making profit
and expansion in future. Both of them have different roles and responsibilities which comes
along with their designation and purpose of doing work.
Leaders: They are also known as influencer which help in motivating the employees to
achieve their organisational aims and objective in limited time frame. As the leader of Corus
steel is motivator and also initiator for taking first step in solving issues. Leaders must have
problem solving attitude which help Corus steel to have less grievances among employees and
individual can perform their activities smoothly.
Roles of leaders:

 Every leader have the responsibilities to guide and coach the team members in order to
succeed their roles and help in preparing future roles.
 Leaders make things easier for others so that the given task is accomplished effectively.
This help in individual to enhance their productivity and flow so that Corus steel can earn
more profit.
 The major role is leader is to think strategically and should be visionary in nature in
order to guide employees towards right path.
Managers: The individual who are basically the in charge of certain group or a team in
any organisation. A manger is often has people or staff working under his guidance to
accomplish organisational goals. They have various job role such as managing the affair of
expenditure, provide guidance to employees and subordinates. The daily work of manager is to
fill with one one group interaction readding work and make sure that task is completed in given
time duration. There are some major duties of manager which are undertaking in Corus steel are
as follows:
Roles of manager:
 Manager have the duty to hire the best talent for company and help assign the particular
role to employees.
 Training and development programme are initiated by manager to enhance their skills
and capabilities of Corus steel employees.
BASIC LEADER MANAGER
Meaning They are the person who
motivate employees to
perform, their job roles
effectively.
Mangers are the individual
who are accountable for all the
business operation and taking
care of administration.
Change They help in making vision as
well mission and make sure
that organisation achieve it
aims.
Where as managers help in
plan and policies which are
useful for company.
Risk Leaders are risk taker and In this case of manager, they

motivate employees to perform
their task effectively.
stick to the assign role and tell
their employees to work
accordingly. as per the task and
job duty.
It has been evaluates that leaders are the risk taker and managers avoid the risk. They
leaders are visionary and inspire employees to achieve organisational objectives where as
managers establish work rule develop process and standard to perform business activities.
M1 Figure out and differentiate between the function of leaders and role of manger by various
theories
There are different role for manager and leaders which plays an vital role in development
and growth in any organisation. Hence it is crucial for company to have effective leaders as well
as managers so that employees can be motivated and complete their task in well defined manner.
Here are some differences between managers and leaders:
Leaders create a vision and managers create goals: Leaders have responsibility of to
inspire and engage people in turning out the vision into reality. Whereas managers focus on
setting up goal and objective. For the company like Corus steel, leaders have responsibility to
mole the vision of the company and try to achieve early as possible. Further manages help in
making rules and regulation on which employees perform their activities.
Leaders take risk and managers avoid risk: Leaders are risk taker whereas managers
are risk avoiders. In the case of Corus steel managers make sure that risk should be minimize by
taking effective measures and leaders take risk in order to achieve goals and objective of the
company.
TASK 2
P2 Describe the how managers and use different functions in various situations
The leader as well manager have different roles and responsibilities which are essential
to meet organisational goals and objective (Tiwari, and Nafees,2019). The main duty of leader is
to provide guidance and motivate employees to perform their given task effectively. Leaders

must have quality of taking risk and must be good influencer which help in increasing morale
and confidence of workers. Where manager are tend to be more into problem solving approach
which help in smooth operation and functioning in organisation. They make policies which are
useful for employees and by the help of those policies desired aim achieved. There are different
kinds of function of leaders and managers which are explained down below:
 Here is the situation where company have to manufacture 100 tonnes of steel in a week
due to high demand in the market. In this scenario, the leader of the company will
required to motivate employees and to accomplish the target in limited time frame.
Where as manager have the responsibilities to track and monitor all the activities while
indulging in business operation.
 There is another situation where labour have done strike and the demand in market is
high. To end the strike managers should listen to the problem of worker and come up
with solution on which both the parties must agreed on. Where leader must try encourage
and motivate workers to join work and act wisely to handle the situation. And the
company make sure that employees may avail all the benefit and such strike do not occur
in future.
From the above situation it has been analysed that managers and leaders both have their
importance in the organisation. They help in achieving the common goal for Corus steel. They
are the individual who handle the employees grievance and make a healthy environment so that
operation activities are operated smoothly. In organisation effective communication channel
should be their so that problem can be solved in lesser time period.
P3 Use various theories and model of approaches which include situational and contingency
theory
Leadership is an art of motivating employees or a group of people to act towards
achieving common goal. They are the person who inspire the people so employees can work on
their full potential. Leaders must try to reduce the conflict because it leads slow performance and
less productivity. It is the prime the duty of leaders to clear the path of vision and mission of
company. Here are some various kinds of theory which are explained briefly down below:
Situational leadership theory: It refers to those leaders who act and adopt different
leadership style according the situation and the development level of company. This is consider
as the best way form of leadership style which benefit the organisation a s whole (Bush, Bell,

and Middlewood, 2019). In the context of Corus steel the organisation must use situational
theory as it flexibility to leaders to make decision according the situation. Leaders must have
ability to think effectively and make quality decision which improve the culture of organisation.
Contingency leadership theory: This theory mainly focuses on the context of leader to
lead the company. In this style the leaders take decision which thinks is the best for the
organisation at that time of period. They applies their own form of leadership style to handle the
situation effectively. It mainly include the two type of theory which are task orientated and
people oriented. It depends upon the culture and environment of organisation that how leader
take responsibility. In the case of Corus steel leaders should take decision on their critical
thinking ability and also on the basis of experience. This help in handling grievances and
problems effectively.
System leadership theory: It was developed by Dr. Ian MacDonald which state that it
enables the leaders in an organisation to develop a environment where employees can perform
their activities at their full potential. It also help to create a sustainable business model for Corus
steel which help to grow and expand business organisation at a larger scale. Leader must use
system theory which encourage and motivate employees to perform their activities effectively
and desired goal of company will be achieved.
All these theory help in developing a quality environment and where worker and
employees work effectively to achieve best desired outcomes for Corus Steel. It is important for
leader to gain trust of employees which in result leads to success.
M2 Depict the strengths and weakness of different approaches in the organisation
There are some strength and weakness of different approaches as they effect the working
capabilities of organisation. Polices which are undertaken by the company effect the work
environment. Here are some strength and weakness which are explained briefly down below:
Strength Weakness
 In the case of situational leadership the
major strength of leaders is that they
can take decision regarding the
company as per the environment.
 In the system leadership approach the
 Whereas in the case of weakness
leaders can loose trust as frequent
change in polices and decision making
are done. This also hamper the
productivity of employees.

major strength of employees is that
they can perform their activity with the
full potential and maximum output is
produced.
 The main weakness of the this
approach is that employees get
frustrated due to workload which
increase the retention rate in
organisation.
TASK 3
P4 Use various approaches in operation activities and also define the role of leaders and
managers
Operations management is a process which deals in planning, organizing and supervising
the business activities in a well defined manner. In other word, it is a process where higher level
of efficiency is achieved by the organisation in delivering goods and services to their respective
customers. They help to attempt the balance the cost and raise the revenue by using effective
operation management system. For the company like Corus steel it important to have well
structured operation system in order to fulfil the demand of customers as well as of market. Here
are some key approaches to operation management which are explained briefly.
Production function: It refers to the functional relationship between the quantity of a
good produced in a given time frame. This are the function which are clearly based upon the
technical relation which help in connecting the factor of input as well as output process. So in the
context of Corus steel it is important for manager to tack all the raw material and business
activities which help in making of final product.
Transportation function: This function is know as one of the most important function in
delivering the goods from workstation to the end consumers in the form of product. Corus steel
manager should look after the logistic department in order to fulfil the requirement and demand
presents market. Organisation must have effective transportation facilities to assemble the raw
material and distribution of finished goods. It also help in development and expansion of rapidly
in well defined manner.

Six sigma: It is known as disciplined, statistical based and data driven approach while
help in finding out the defective product and eliminate it commodity as soon as possible. The six
sigma was developed by Motorola and Bill smith year 1980. The six sigma is based on quality
management which emphasis employees to work upon their skill to improve the quality of the
product. In the regards of Corus steel it is crucial for manager as well as leaders to implement the
sigma strategies to reduce the defect and focus on quality. Here are the stages of six sigma which
help in analysing defect .
Measure phase: In this company measure the progress of the company. Here company
can critically analyse the process and make sure that product are made at utmost quality.
Analyse phase: It is a method which eliminate the gap between the current performance
of process and the desired goal. Here leaders help analysing statistically the potential information
and make changes if required.
Improve phase: In this phase, team seeks to optimal solution and develop a action plan
for best outcome. Manages track the employees performance and also provide solution in
making effective solution.
Control phase: Control the new system. Ongoing measures are implemented to keep the
problem from recurring. Here leader will analyse the outcome and ensure that employees
perform their activities effectively.
Illustration 1: Six sigma tool

Just in time approach: It is also known as inventory management system which help in
align the raw material order form suppliers and directly link with production schedule. For the
steel giant like Corus steel it is important for managers to have (JIT) just in time approach which
coordinate the production to the operation management to perform their activity effectively. This
will provide information as well as forecast the demand accurately. Through this method Corus
steel can create an effective inventory system which provide the information regarding the stock
ans if not necessary then requirement of stock is not required. (Canton, 2019). Leader have role
to motivate employees to to achieve organizational goals and objective in well defined manner.
Just in time approach effectively managers and leaders will help guide them by providing
training to improve their skills and capabilities in making product and offering services to
customers. Here the role of manager to provide guidance to complete task in given time period.
Total quality management : TQM approaches is a continual process which help in
detecting and reducing or eliminating the manufacturing errors while production. Corus steel
must lay to down policies of TQM in order to improving the quality of the product. Proper use of
this method will help in generating goodwill in the market. To achieve high quality it is essential
to have skilled employees which can make quality product. Leader must develop morale of
individual by guiding employees to improve their quality and manager will ascertain employees
to achieve TQM by providing frequent training regarding their job role and keep track of
individual performance and make changes if required. This will help company to achieve TQM
effectively in limited time. Here manager will endure that employees are working with full
potential and keep track about the quality. Where as leaders ensure about the timing that
employees complete their task in limited time frame. In result TQM ensure work is done in time
with proper quality.
P5 Describe the use of operations in order to achieve business goals
Operation management is process which help in maintaining the balance of between the
demand and supply of marketplace. There are some set of process which must be used by
managers of the company to make effective outcomes. There are various function such as
planning, governing and managing the logistic. Here are some operation management function
which are explained down below:

Quality management: It is structured approach to overall organisation aspect which help
the employees to focus on quality rather than quantity. The purpose of this process is to improve
the quality of good and services through continues improvement. For the company like Corus
steel, manager of quality department must look after the grad and standard to raw which are used
in making product (Pun, 2019). Company should provide proper training to their workers so that
quality can improve by effective training and development programme. Manger can use TQM
method to achieve quality as it help in producing quality product with minimum defect. Total
quality management will production department to look after the flaw where quality is
compromise and provide guidance to make quality offering to respective consumers.
Reducing the cost: Proper use of resource is very important for growth and expansion.
In the regards of Corus steel , manager must find out the best and cost effective way to produce
the product. Management can reduce the supply expenses and also cut the production cost which
ultimately leads to cost minimization. Another way is to lower the financial cost of Corus steel
so that price of unit can be reduced. Here manager can use Just in time method because it help to
maintain the flow of raw material and reduce the have stock which create liability for company.
Just in time method will provide information regarding raw material when it is requires this will
help in keeping the price low for clients.
Improving overall productivity: Every company focus on their production so to meet
the demands of customers and fulfil them in best possible way. For the company like Corus steel
if the company wants to expand their business operation they must need to improve production
so that demand of customers can be fulfilled effectively. It also generate profit maximize and
help in expansion and growth. In this scenario Corus steel manager will help implement six
sigma polices which help in increasing overall productivity. The role of six sigma help in finding
out the defect and make sure that quality is maintained in without wasting resources. Hence it
will develop production processes of employees which lead toward profitability.
M3 Measure how leaders and managers can better their efficiency of operational activities
It has been identified that performance of individual take place when efficiency of
workers improve rapidly. Efficient manager as well leaders require opportunity to perform task
in organisation effectively. Here are some method form which managers and leaders can improve
their efficiency.
Role of managers to improve efficiency:

Goal setting: The managers can improve improve the efficiency by setting up the goal
which leads towards organisational goals and objective. Managers of Corus steel must develop
the plans which help in development of growth and expansion of the organisation in a well
defined manner.
Managing: It is important to manage the employees as well as operational activities
which help in smooth functioning of the organisation. For Corus managers it become crucial for
having structured plan for minimizing the risk while producing the product.
Explaining: Efficient managers can alert employees in order to perform activities in a
given time frame. So employees of Corus steel must have proper instruction by managers
regarding job role so that employees can make use of resources effectively.
Role of leaders to improve efficiency:
Define and communicate: The leaders can have responsibilities to show the right path to
their employees. Therefore it is important for Corus leaders to communicate the vision of the
company clearly so that employees have aim regarding their work so that target may achieved
easily.
Delegate and empower: This is the best way where leaders can improve their efficiency
by delegating the authority and empower employees. For the leaders of the Corus they can
empower employees by providing the responsibility to employees.
TASK 4
P6 Define the various elements which effect the decision making in organisation
There are various kinds of factor which influence and effect the business while operating
activities. Manager should make sure that employees indulge effectively in the production so that
aim and objective of organisation can be achieved. There must be a positive environment in
company so that efficiency of workers as well employees may develop as per the passage of
time. The business environment impact operational management depend upon the condition and
business environment. Here are the explanation of operational management in detailed manner.
External factor: