Leadership and Management of Dementia: A Comprehensive Report

This report delves into the critical aspects of dementia management, focusing on the application of various leadership and management theories to improve patient care. It begins with an executive summary outlining the core issues and objectives, followed by an introduction that defines dementia and its impact on individuals. The report establishes clear aims and objectives, justifying the need for effective leadership in managing this complex condition. It explores a range of leadership theories, including situational, contingency, systems, transactional, transformational, participative, trait, behavioral, scientific, bureaucratic, and autocratic models, alongside change management theories like Kotter's 8-step model and Lewin's 3-stage model. The project outline includes a detailed project timeline visualized through a Gantt chart. The report analyzes how these theories can be applied to enhance the skills of nursing staff and improve clinical practices in dementia care. The conclusion and recommendations offer insights into best practices for managing dementia effectively, supported by a comprehensive list of references. The report emphasizes the importance of personalized care and the role of effective leadership in ensuring positive patient outcomes, making it a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and students alike.

Management Of Dementia

Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................3
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Aims and objectives.........................................................................................................................5
Justification......................................................................................................................................7
Project outline..................................................................................................................................8
Project timeline – Gantt chart..........................................................................................................8
Leadership and management of change or theories.......................................................................10
Conclusion and recommendations.................................................................................................17
References......................................................................................................................................19

Executive Summary
Dementia is a mental health problems which affects the people thinking, behavioural and
emotional aspect due to damage in neurons. The people who are suffering form such disease can
not concentrate on a single subjects and face short term memory loss. For the same reason it is
very essential to highly manage the disease by nursing staff and their family members. Various
aims and objectives have been made to conduct the study. The main aim of such investigation is
to monitor different leadership models for managing the dementia. The leadership theories which
are being utilised for managing the disease are situation leadership theory, contingency
leadership theory, system theory of leadership, transactional leadership theory, transformation
leadership theory, participative leadership theory, trait theory, behavioural theory, scientific
management theory, bureaucratic management theory, autocratic management theory. The
change management theory which are applicable are John kotter's 8-step change model, Lewin's
3-stage model of change.

Introduction
The mental health issues are defined as group of syndrome which are connected with
alteration in mood, thinking and in people's behaviour. The problems which are related to such
alterations are stress, depression, anxiety and many more medical troubles (Langan and Means,
2020) . However, there are various kinds of mental illness including bipolar disorder, personality
disorder, autism spectrum disorder, dissociative disorders, depression, eating disorder, substance
abuse disorder, dual diagnosis & integrated treatment of mental illness, OCD (obsessive
compulsive disorder), PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder), psychosis, schizophrenia, schizo-
affective disorders well as anxiety disorder. Though, the mental health problems are highly
critical and it has an adverse impact on not only mental condition but also effects person's social
as well as physical well being.
Dementia have been defined as a syndrome which is a collection of such disease which
are specifically characterised by loss or decline of memory, trouble in grasping, issue in solving
problem and other in other basic thinking skills. The problems which are associated with such
disease may hamper in undergoing normal day to day activities. Dementia has been consider as a
wide range of medical condition which certainly include Alzheimer. If such condition are not
treated on time then it may have a major effects on their as well as their family member 's life.
The dementia is caused by disturbance in brain which may result in lowering of thinking skill
and intellectual abilities which actually help in making a person independent and free. Along
with disturbance in daily activities the status of relationship, feelings and behaviour also become
unstable if such condition are remain unmanaged and untreated (Kindell, 2017). Vascular
dementia takes place due to high bleeding in brain's blood vessels which resulted in blockage of
blood circulation. Such type of neurodegenerative disorder causes irreversible and progressive
loss of neurons which are responsible in conducting smooth functioning of brain activities. They
symptoms which are associated with such disorder are short term memory loss, the person who
have such syndrome forgets small things quickly which include keeping track of purse, paying
bills, preparing meals, travelling with someone or remembering appointments. The causes of
such deadly disease are related to damage of brain cells, such impairment does not allow each
and every neuron to communicate with each other, due to this the responses are not generated
when an stimulus comes. When such responses are not created as per requirement then it
influences behaviour, thinking and feeling negatively. It has been evaluated that psychotherapies

are applied for patients which involves in interaction of professional with an individual for
discussing about the issue and analysing about behaviour, moods, thoughts and actual feelings.
This therapy is accommodating in conducting coordinated management of certain medial issue of
an individual suffering from dementia in order to treat it efficiently. However, the physicians
prefer to use brain simulation treatments when other psychotherapy or medications are did not
work then repetitive trans cranial magnetic stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation,
electroconvulsive therapy and deep brain stimulation are included. Meanwhile, hospital have
various wards and treatment programs which are extensively relevant for extreme complications
in which an individual get in health care facility and kept in efficient monitoring ward and supply
treatment as per the requirements by highly professional medical practitioners. Some assistive
technologies have been emerged in recent years which involves in managing the dementia is
most unique and innovative way. The people with such condition may be provided with tracking
devices because they keep forgetting their address and location, this devices will further help
their loved ones and their nurses in getting touch and if they they lost then they can track their
location and reach for their help. Cameras may be set up their rooms for constantly checking
their activities and making sure that they have taken their medicines at time. Such practices make
sure that they are safe and being constantly under supervision helps in managing the dementia at
high rate.
Aims and objectives
Aim – The aim of this project is “To examine the use of leadership and management
theories for effectively managing the people who are suffering from dementia”.
The mental health difficulties are terrible condition which are needed to be dealt by
conducting out decent and cautious clinical practices in respect to present suitable care to clients
facing dementia. It includes that process of decision which are taken by nursing staff should be
highly accurate and for delivering good an quality care personal nurse are needed to be appointed
for every patient in order to mange dementia (Verkaik, 2017). Moreover, it requires to utilise
effectual leadership theory as well as change management approaches which are requisite for
managing dementia by assistance of nursing staff among victims to modify their overall health in
better way. Such approaches comprises of all troubles and issues which are faced by nursing staff
while treating the individuals with such neurodegenerative disorder. It is highly recommended
that the management of dementia can become successful by applying clinical practices along

with management theories so that staff working under medical department can easily manage
their work load and they do not get exhausted while providing support to such patients. Such
services will provide reinforcement in rendering quality care and provide authenticate
medications to every clients for overcoming their problems of dementia. However, it has been
found that such management process evaluates various leadership theories as well as
management models for determining the appropriate measures for giving efficient care services
to those mental patients who are constantly being troubled by dementia problem. Furthermore, it
can be included to monitor leadership approaches for making the nursing staff understand how to
manage such clients in different medical conditions for not only making their life better but also
to a make their family members life on pace. In addition to such conditions, it is also beneficial
in determining the most generally utilised management and leadership styles in organisation
associated with health and care for dealing with individual who are suffering from dementia and
those condition need to be managed efficaciously.
Objectives
 To identify the basic understanding about dementia.
 To evaluate the effectual clinical services for treating and diagnosing the problem of
dementia.
 To analyse the role of management and leadership theories to deliver suitable support to
individual facing dementia.
Dementia may be characterized as a status in which relevant function of brain gets
lessened of an individual. It basically considers the disorders elated to thinking, mood and
behaviour which indicate about beingness of issues associated with psychology. It belongs to
find out clear cause behind happening of any type of neurodegenerative syndrome like
Alzheimer and dementia which aids to make proper care plan for outlining the specific cause and
issues related to disease. Moreover, the diagnosis of dementia do not consist any test because no
specific test has came till date which can authentic the presence of dementia in people. The
doctors who are involved in treating and diagnosing the clients basically involve in careful
medical examination of person as well as its family history (Annweiler, 2016). The physical
examination and basic test are being conducted on such people for characterising the certain
alteration in thinking and behaviour. Doctor as per records can clearly assures that whether a
person is suffering form dementia or not but they do not specifically identifies that which type of

dementia has affected the person. The reason fro such ambiguity is because of almost similar and
overlapping signs and symptoms which may affects the brain in different kinds of dementia.
Treatment of dementia largely depends on the type as well as cause of disease. It has
been found that in extreme cases, there are no cures and treatments of progressive dementia for
stopping or preventing it from being deadly. There are drug and medications which can be used
temporarily for not only improving the signs but also positively regulating the symptoms of
dementia. Non drug therapies are also being provided to such people for highly managing their
condition in most effective manner. Medications which are rendered to such individual depends
upon the stage of detection and effect of symptoms. Some people are prescribed to take high
dosage of medicines while others only requires low dose for treating the state. Non drug
approaches are sometimes more influencing because they do not have any side effects like drugs
and assist in calming the mind to high level (Bayles, McCullough and Tomoeda, 2018). The
nurses should make sure that their room temperature are at optimal level which assist them in
keeping personal comfort at priority and make their mind set relaxed. Such environment must be
provided to these victims which do not have any additional noise and has proper space which can
calm them and it also helps them in dealing with symptoms of specified disease. Meditation and
light walks also help in managing the disturbing symptoms assist in regaining their attention and
making them comfortable in their surrounding. The nursing staff along with providing such
measures also utilises management theories which highly advantageous in managing provided
disease in most innovative and effective style. Moreover, management as well as come certain
leadership theories are necessary so as to carry off entire clinical services among accessible
workers in context of giving proper support to dementia patients. It has been observed that it
comprise of assessment of number of identification and treatment methods which are highly
effective for determining issues and recent required care facilities for wellness of such person.
Additionally, it includes an crucial role of using most applicable and right theories of
management approached ad leadership styles for effectively managing the dementia condition by
clinical workers.
Justification
This study is about to evaluate how effectively the dementia disease can be managed by
applying leadership theories in nursing staff so that each and every health care seeker gets
suitable and quality care services. The role of hospital is to monitor that all people who are

suffering from mental health issues, especially from dementia gets personalised nurse and drugs
on time. There are various more psychological issues which may occur along with provided
syndrome and has adverse effect on mental well being (Burrell, 2016). Such alterations are
observed to alters the way such patients behave and react, due to which it is very important to
efficaciously manage the disease. The ways it can be treated follows pharmaceutical as well as
non pharmaceutical interventions which are being applied by nurses. The objectives of such
study is to analyse the leadership models which are highly utilised in achieving goals so as to
regulate the outcomes of patients. The management theories may aids such victims in enhancing
their interacting skills and sharing their feelings with their care givers. The leaders and nurses
who are effectively involve in managing such disease utilises such styles so as to formulate
standardised clinical practices. Through successful application of such practices they can easily
manage their mood swings, language difficulties, memory loss and problem in walking.
Project outline
With respect to this study, it is based on aim of examining the use of leadership and
management theories for effectively managing the people who are suffering from dementia. It
will centre on evaluating the diagnosis and treatment of dementia so as to manage the condition
at right time. Moreover, it will provide assistance to support the nursing staff for making suitable
decisions which are respect to well being of such people. The theories helps in assigning various
duties and task to different team members which further assist in conducting their function and
managing the disease according to the requirement. The investigation will primarily focus on
understanding the dementia in various people. The treatment and diagnosis methods will also be
focused for outlining effective ways for evaluating the cause of given disease. Additionally, it
will centrers on various management strategies and leadership models for exploring the ways
through which the disease can be managed in most efficient way as possible (Curran and Wattis,
2018.
Project timeline – Gantt chart
The Gantt chart refers to a graphical representation of different task which are required to
be fulfilled in order to achieve the aim of study. Such chart comprises of certain time limit within
which the task has to be completed by applying proper guidelines and standards as as to gain
specified objectives. It has been observed that it consist of certain time line and large number of

task which eventually aids in completing whole study on provided deadline. It have been
considered as proper scheduling of actions which can helps in supporting the basic plan and give
instruction which coordinates and organise the team members to work upon a certain task at a
time.

Leadership and management of change or theories
Situation leadership theory
The situational leadership theory refers to leaders who attain different leadership style
according to the situation. The leaders apply leadership theories according to situation that are
needed to be manage in order to welfare for people. As there are many situation in which people
required highly vulnerable care in their life. This theory is necessary to be implemented as it
provides balance between services users in their services. It provides management and support to
all people who are associated with organisation for their care and services. This theory is highly
necessary required for dementia people as they are need high level of care and services with in
their treatments. The dementia people have different views so while providing care to them it is
necessary to implement proper care and services (Dreier-Wolfgramm, 2017).
With this theory, person centred care can be deliver to people with dementia. As this
theory applies on the basis of situation of dementia people which help in evaluation more about
their concern regarding their condition. The behaviour of dementia people can be manage with
this theory and can also provide support to them. It also helps in managing and preventing their
symptoms of their disease. the leaders of organisation can provide support to these people and
can motivates them to take proper step regarding their disease. By analysing situation, the leaders
can provide proper services which is needed for them. The leaders can take proper decision in
services of people that are needed to be occur properly. There are lots of changes occur with in
services of organisation so this theory helps in delivering services according to recent changes
that assist in bringing satisfaction among people. This is an effective theory for dementia people
according to their situation.
Contingency leadership theory

This theory depends on the effectiveness of leadership style of leaders that matches with
situation. The leaders must know about leadership style that are necessary to be implemented
within organisation. This help in analysing situation of organisation in which leaders can apply
leadership style accordingly (Harrison, 2017). This theory provides wide range of manner for
leaders to react according to situation. There are lots of factors present which state the
effectiveness of leadership style that are implemented by leaders. This not only depend on
abilities of leader although it influenced by related environment of organisation that help in assist
in developing leadership style with in their system. This theory states that different abilities in a
person from which they can perform according to their skills. This theory help in developing
profiles for organisation that are needed to manage people with dementia. These people required
high level of care and services according to their situation. So with this theory, an appropriate
person can be found so that dementia people can be manage.
System theory of leadership
This theory refers to potentiality of leaders that assist them to create situation in which
other people can work properly and productivity. The system of organisation interacts with lots
of factors in order to develop complex. There are two system occur of an organisation such as
open and closed system of organisation. The closed system of an organisation does not affected
by the environment (McKeith, 2017).
Transactional leadership theory
this theory define as the process of promoting qualities of leaders so that they can
perform at high level of expectation. It depends on some concept that helpful in managing
dementia with in organisation. This includes controlling, organizing and short term planning.
The leaders must organise some sort of plans that help the organisation in managing dementia.
They must take control of action by providing guidance to other members so that they can also
take proper action in management of dementia (Parker, 2018). The leaders of this theory must
link goals to rewards so that goal can be sustain for longer period. In this theory, leaders
continuously monitor action of other members so that they barriers and obstacles can be
prevented. With this, they can also provide proper environment from which other members can
take effective decision while managing dementia. The leaders can also punish members who are
not performing well according to their expectations. This theory manage dementia among people
where issues are clearly observed. These leaders works according to culture of organisation.

They can also make achieve goals and objective of organisation by rewards to followers. This
also develops motivation among followers. This theory also develops maximum potentiality of
managing dementia as it forms mature interaction between management. With this theory,
employees can properly manage dementia with proper guidance.
Transformation leadership theory
This theory is define as leadership style in which a leader works with team members.
This helps them in identifying changes that are needed to manage dementia. With this style,
leaders can manage changes by creating vision that guide them by various inspiration. By
applying this style, leaders can become proactive (Quinn, 2016). They can develop new ideas
and vision that help in developing more changes within culture of organisation. The managing
dementia requires values and ideals from which employees can help in achieving objective of
organisation by managing dementia among people properly. The leaders also influence followers
so that they can motivate and bring effectiveness of management. This includes four factors that
are used by leaders in order to managing dementia.
With this theory, leaders can provide sense of challenges that are needed to prevented
while managing dementia. As with this, they can work with enthusiasm which result in managing
dementia properly. The leaders can motivate employees of organisation to become more
innovative about managing. It also includes encouraging them about ideas rather than challenges
and obstacles. The managing of dementia requires consideration of ethic values by services
providers so that managing dementia can be successfully developed. The leaders can also
motivate other employees according to their talent and creativity. With this theory, decisions can
be implemented with proper support that results in more effectiveness of managing dementia
with in organisation. This creates ideal valuable changes from which dementia can be manage
properly.
Participative leadership theory
This theory states that a leadership style is must involve suggestion and ideas of others with
proper consideration. There are various decisions are taken which are needed to be satisfied by
service users. With this theory, leaders can motivate people who are participating in decision
making process. This also provide encouragement to various members that are associated with it.
As it feels accountable to these members which force dam to take part in the process. this theory
also helps in improving communication between service users and service providers. By

applying this theory in leadership style, readers can motivate employees so that they can improve
their communication with patients (Quinn, 2016). This assist dam in managing dementia
properly the proper support from users. In this theory decisions are made within feasible and
comfortability of participation. This participation are the one who are highly affected from the
decisions. So it is necessary to involve them in decision making process from which trust and
motivation can be increased. It helps in managing dementia as participation feel comfortable
with leaders and they support their decisions regarding their care and services. There are various
advantages of this theory in managing dementias which are described below.
 After the applying of this theory the decisions can be acceptable to all as all people are
not aware about decisions that are implementing on them.
 This theory helps in improving moral of staff members as they feel motivated from the
organisation. It also emerge new and innovative ideas by appreciating their role in
decision making process.
 With proper implementation of new and innovative ideas, various creative solution can
be bring out. This help in managing dementia among people who are affected from it
including those who are managing it.
Trait theory
This theory refers to characteristics of leaders that are used to analyse effectiveness of
leadership. In this, traits of leaders are consider which help in identifying approach in managing
dementia with in organisation. This includes identifying different traits such as demographic,
personality, intellect and social and physical characteristics. As the highly skill leaders have
different personality and abilities which is different from others. This theory provides detail
knowledge of leaders that help in leadership process of organisation. It can help managers and
leaders in managing dementia according to their potentiality (Starr and Walesby, 2017). This
provides an idea to them from which they can implement changes within system of organisation.
The dementia required proper management process so this theory is an effective approach in
managing them effectively. With this they can develop proper understanding about their strength
and weakness that they can manage dementia properly or not. This theory help organisation in
managing dementia properly as with this they can aware about potentiality of their leaders and
managers that they are managing it. This theory also helps in identifying differences between
managers and followers. As this theory are related to successful leadership that includes various

situation. With this theory, dementia can properly manage as it distinguish between proper
characteristics of leaders from non-leaders. Then it helps in distinguishing more about changes
that are needed to be manage dementia.
Behavioural theory
This theory includes reaction and action of leaders, managers and followers that occur in
a situation. It focuses on the behaviour of leaders that shown while managing situation. This
theory helps in identifying behaviour according to their condition. This is needed to be analyse to
interact with in the environment as it demands by the condition of situation. The behaviour of
leaders build or shape their actions. So it is necessary to be occur within system of organisation.
This theory is important in managing dementia with in environment as it influence factors that
assist in influencing behaviour. With this theory, managing of dementia can be done properly. As
the behaviour is a specific response towards a particular reaction (Thyrian, 2017). This theory
helps in understanding behavior of human properly. With this various conflicts can be removed
while managing dementia. This theory also helps in improving productivity by providing
motivation to employees so that they can better understand relation of human. By analyzing
specific behavior of leaders, it can help in identifying influence of leadership style on managing
dementia. The people with dementia have different behavior but it can be manage by applying
this theory by leaders in their leadership style.
This theory plays an important contribution in managing dementia by leaders or
managers. The dementia people have different mood which are needed to be understand so that it
can be managed properly. This also provides direction to leaders from which they can manage
dementia properly according to analysing behaviour of people with this disease. After the
analyzing behaviour of dementia people, their disorder can be managed with both external and
internal consequences that may occur in their illness. This provides an idea from which they can
manage dementia according to the behaviour of people so that they can not harm their personal
trait. This also develop trust among leaders from which they can share their problems properly
with organisation.
Scientific management theory
This theory used in improving efficiency of leaders who are associated with an organisation.
with this theory the leaders can use various technologies that can help in managing dementia.
There are various principles occur of this theory which includes individual planning of

supervision. The supervision includes direction that are provided by their supervisor in their
field. It helps in managing dementia of people properly as now leaders can follow appropriate
directions. This theory helps leaders in determining work ok that are performed by employees in
order to manage dementia. As it provides consideration among leaders which influence
motivation and enthusiasm of workers from which they can more bring productivity and
managing dementia in people. The leaders can use this theory within organisation which assist
them in in motivating workers so that productivity can increase by providing them appropriate
their needs and requirements. There are various reasons occur from which dementia arises within
people. The theory helps in identifying and reducing those reasons and managing dementia
within people. This theory also provide long term benefits by providing appropriate resources to
workers so that they can manage dementia properly (Tible, 2017).
Bureaucratic management theory
This theory contains two elements that includes developing the structure of an organisation into a
hierarchy or having rules and regulation so that it can help them in managing dementia. This is
an effective approach that provides necessity e of organisation so that they can operate various
ways of managing dementia. There are different characteristics are present in bureaucracies that
affect decision making process including resources and protective workers so that goals and
objective of an organisation can be implemented. The leaders can used within an organisation
from which they can properly divide labour so that balance of responsibilities and power can be
occur (Wilcock, 2016). This help in developing more productivity and managing of dementia
regarding people. There are some features also occur of this Management theory such as this
provides high and vulnerable division of labor among workers. It provides a well define
command chain from which information related to decision making can be easily convert to all
people who are associated with managing dementia. With this work can easily and management
of dementia can be done properly. This theory health in indicating responsibilities of team
members from which take and properly perform their duties among people. The leaders can use
this theory within the system of organization from which rules can be applied same to all
members of organization. This develops enthusiasm and motivation among service providers
from which they manage more dementia properly. This theory also help in analyzing members
that help in managing dementia properly according to their traits and personality.
Autocratic management theory

This theory is define as the leadership style of management that controls decisions that
are occur with in organisation. The leaders also take some input from other members that are
associated with organisation. In this theory, the leaders make decision according to their beliefs .
They does not involve other person with in their decision. This theory applies when quick
decision is required with in organisation in order to manage dementia. This is a flexible
leadership style from which leaders can take important decisions so that dementia can be
managed. This theory is helpful for organisation when they are not able to manage dementia
properly. Then this theory can helpful in providing services by taking proper and quick action
regarding dementia (McKeith and et.al., 2017).
There are lots of challenges occur while managing dementia so this can be fully occur by
applying this theory. This theory control over the process of organisation that is managing of
dementia. The dementia people have difficulties in taking decision then this theory help them in
taking decision by leaders that are benefit for them. This theory can be useful in various situation
when the situation become harder to manage dementia. It is a direct leadership style which is
provides a direct view of issues that come up while managing dementia among people. This type
of style helpful in setting clear goals that assist them in managing dementia. At time of managing
dementia, lots of pressure occur but it can be over come with instant decision making by leaders.
John Kotter's 8-Step Change Model
There are lots of changes occur with in services of organization and that is
necessary to be occur properly while delivering care and services top dementia people. As the
people with dementia are needed to manage properly according to their situation. This helps in
providing services to that are relevant to their situation. With this, the satisfaction among
dementia people can be reached (Moran and et.al., 2013). There are 8 steps occur in this model
that help organization to manage dementia properly. These steps are described below. Create urgency:- The change is an important factor for an organisation in order to make
their services effective among people. It is necessary to create an environment in which
leaders are aware about issues from which they can provides appropriate changes in order
to reduce them. At time of delivering services to people with dementia, various are
developed which develops dissatisfaction among them. The dementia people with these
are not able to receive proper care services in their disease. So, the leaders needs to aware
about changes that are occur with in their services by organisation. This helps in

developing conversation between services providers and users from which dementia
people are aware about changes that are included in their services. This help in attaining
support from users that help organisation in providing services more effectively.
Form a powerful coalition:- It is hard for organisation to lead changes process with in
system of their services. But the coalition can help in developing directing about changes to
others. This coalition must includes different skills with different personality that can match or
understand the situation of dementia people. With this range of effectiveness can be occurring
while managing dementia with in organisation. It also assist leaders to convey message in the
organisation from which they can provide proper care and services that can match to situation of
people. With this, services providers can also manage dementia according to changes. It
develops more changes in organisation which develop satisfaction among people (Rattinger and
et.al ., 2013.
 Create a vision for change:- The recent changes can be hard and complicated to
understand from which services providers does not effectively convey services to
dementia people. So, the organisation needs to create a vision for changes that helps in
developing support for workers from which they can provide services according to needs
and requirements of people. The organisation must make a simple vision so that it can be
understandable to all people who are associated with organisation in dementia. As simple
vision can help in gaining support from people who are linked with services of dementia
whether they are service providers and users. This develops more support from workers
as they area ware about changes that benefit to patients.
 Communicate the vision:- It is necessary to communicate changes that are implemented
within organisation. This should be done properly so that dementia can manage with in
organisation. With this, the management can use proper coalition that is develop. With
proper information of changes, organisation and other service providers can properly
deliver services with considering changes that are needed to manage dementia.
 Remove obstacles:- There are various obstacles develops at time of implementing
changes within organisation. It can be occur from various factors that prevent
implementation of needed changes within organisation. This develops reduce in
effectiveness of services of dementia which develops negative impact on users. So it is

necessary to be remove with proper management of changes. The strength of recent
changes can be occur by removing barriers with in organisation.
 Create short term wins:- The short term wins can help in developing more benefit
changes that support services of people. This provides motivation to managing dementia
among users from the organisation. With this, managers and leaders can motivate towards
their effort which develops more enthusiasm in providing changes to people. This can
develop enthusiasm among employees which motivates them to take further steps with in
their managing plan of dementia. With this, leaders and employees can also develop new
and innovative ideas that assist them in managing dementia effectively.
 Build on the change:- The changes must implemented on a long term basis. This can be
done by mangining changes proeprlty so that it can sustain for longer period. So the
changes should be build by having purpose of long term sustainability. The changes
should be build on long term -purpose of managing dementia so that it can staisfy people
in theri services.
 Anchor the changes in corporate culture:- The changes should be occur with in internal
system of organisation so that dementia can mange properly. This provides benefit to all
people who are managing services of dementia. As this makes understandable to them
about changes and implementing them appropriately.
McKinsey 7S Change Model
This is an effective approach in identifying changes with in the internal system of
organisation. This theory is based on the 7 step process which help in proposing success of
organisation. It help in various situation that are needed in order to manage dementia. There are
various benefits of this model which are described below.
 It helps in improving performance of organisation at time of managing dementia.
 This also assist in identifying effectiveness of changers on managing dementia.
 It provides a proper action plan in managing dementia to all groups and teams.
There are seven steps of this model that can bring changes with in organisation (Pathak
and Montgomery, 2015). This elements are divided into hard and soft elements which direct
controls the management properly. This elements are described below.
 Strategy:- this step is developed by organisation in order to sustain management with in
system so that dementia can be managed properly. The strategy of managing dementia

must be effective so that it can benefited too large number of people who are having
dementia. The organisation needs to develop various effective strategies with their system
so that it can provide appropriate care to them.
 Structure:- The structure is an important element as it provides visualization to
organization from which they can perform their activity. The organisation must
implement various effective structure of plants that can help in managing dementia. Also
includes use of various charts and other documentation that provides outline of managing
dementia among people.
 Systems:- This refers to process of organisation that are occurring in ordering to
managing dementia. With this it is easier to manage dementia properly. As the system of
organisation provides an outline from which change can be managed properly. The
system of organisation must have innovative idea which are needed to be e occur on a
regular basis so that changes can effectively provide to them. The managers make sure
that the employees of organisations are working in a right directions in order to managing
disorder. It is an hard element of this theory as with this style the management of
organisation can be improved properly.
 Shared Values:- They are some soft elements are also occur which is needed to be define
as they important it within organisation. The values of an organisation should consider by
all employees so that it can create feeling in managing people who having dementia.
With this taken analyse purpose and culture of organisation from which they are
managing dementia.
 Style:- The style includes the leadership style of leaders that are necessary for culture of
organisation. It is needed for the team so that they can implement proper changes
according to situation. The leaders need to implement there on approaches according to
situation that best suited on it.
 Staff:- the staff members are important with in organisation as they help in improving and
providing care to people. They need to be consider properly with in the decision of
organisation. This develops enthusiasm and motivation in them.
 Skills:- As the skills are abilities from which leaders and employees can perform with in
their organisation. There are high skills are required while managing dementia among
people with in organisation. As during changes, the organisation need to implement

various skills that can help in managing dementia of people. While managing dementia,
organisation needs to arise some skills that are necessary to be occur so that management
of dementia can be occur properly. The style includes the leadership style of leaders that
are necessary for culture of organisation. It is needed for the team so that they can
implement proper changes according to situation. The leaders need to implement there on
approaches according to situation that best suited on it.
Lewin's Change model
This model was developed by Kury Lewin in order to provide frame work to organisation
and administration to successfully implement changes. Lewin's change is one of the most
effective model that is use for implementing changes in accurate and effective manner. This
model can be represented as the three step model which includes unfreezing change and freeze.
This process needs to be used by health institution for managing the condition of dementia which
are suffered by large number of patients (Bright, 2014). Managing the dementia is one of the
major issues that is affecting behaviour and life of such patients and their family member. It is
crucial for executing changes for better health and life style of people suffering from dementia.
The steps of such change model are given below.
Unfreezing Stage – This is the first stage of Lewin's change model that is helpful for
dealing with the management of dementia. At this stage care givers need to focus on unfreezing
the learning and attitude of victims. Unfreezing stage is the stage in which health providers
realise the they needs to implement changes for betterment. Health institution has identified that
they needs to conduct activities which will lead to minimize the effects of dementia by managing
it. For this nurses will explain disadvantage of neglecting medicines and different benefits they
can get by managing the people's condition having dementia problems.
Change Stage – At this stage health institution will focus on executing plan of change.
Once benefits of implementing changes are explain to patients, different activities needs to be
conducted for successfully execution of changes. This stage is also known as move stage and in
this health providers and clients will make required steps for change having dementia.
Refreezing Stage – This is the last stage and in this motive of nursing staff to solidifies
changes. Once the changes is implemented with in attitude of patients, refreezing stage will focus
on locking the changes.

Conclusion and recommendations
From the above report it can be concluded that dementia is a serious neurodegenerative
syndrome which highly influences the way people behave, thinks and acts. In such condition, the
brain cells are damaged which involves in damaging of neurons that results in very low
processing and thinking capability. It has been summed up that dementia has its own type which
depends on the cause and treatment processes. However, it is recovered that management process
analyse different leadership models as well as management theories for deciding general and
extensive measures for giving high quality care facilities to those patients who are dealing with
mental tensions. It has been found that the doctor prefer to use brain simulation treatments when
other medications or psychotherapies did not work then vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain
stimulation, repetitive trans cranial magnetic stimulation electroconvulsive therapy. The
management and leadership theories which have been applied for managing the dementia are
contingency leadership theory transformation leadership theory, system theory of leadership,
situation leadership theory, transactional leadership theory, scientific management theory,
participative leadership theory, trait theory, behavioural theory, bureaucratic management theory,
Lewin's 3-stage model of change and John kotter's 8-step change model. The steps which are
involved in Lewin 3 stage model are unfreezing, change and refreezing which can assist in
making positive changes in nursing staff as well as in patients for highly managing the diseases.
It has been recommended that the staff which will be supervising and managing such
patients should be highly trained so that they can easily manage the clients. The training program
should include how that can take care of such patients by taking help from smart devices like
trackers, cameras, home installation cameras and some monitoring devices. They should get
trained on how to interact with such patient so that they feel comforted in their presence. The
nurses should trained on how necessary it is to conduct all their medical practices as per the
defined nursing ethics and principles. It has also been suggested that family members should be
more get more aware about their loved ones condition and should positively cooperate with them
in respect to manage their dementia. High medical management should be applied in all possible
ways like to effective listen to patients and to make new discoveries in treatments and diagnosis.
Care planning should be provided in most efficient way which should include the desires and
necessities of patients.

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