Analysis of Leadership and Management in Morrisons' Operations

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of leadership and management within the Morrisons supermarket chain. It begins by outlining the distinct roles and characteristics of leaders and managers, emphasizing their importance in driving organizational success. The report then explores the functions of leaders and managers in diverse organizational scenarios, such as addressing poor productivity, managing employee turnover, and resolving interpersonal conflicts. Furthermore, it delves into various leadership theories and approaches, including situational leadership, highlighting their practical application within Morrisons. The report also examines key approaches to operation management and underscores the significance of effective operation management in achieving business objectives. Finally, it analyzes the impact of business environment factors on operation management and decision-making processes. The report concludes by synthesizing the key findings and providing a holistic understanding of leadership and management in the context of Morrisons' operations.

Management and Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
P 1 Different roles and characteristics of leaders and mangers..................................................1
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................3
P 2 Functions of leaders and mangers in different organizational situation. ............................3
P 3 Different theories and approaches of leadership...................................................................5
LO 3 ................................................................................................................................................7
P 4 Key approaches to operation management and role of leader and managers ......................7
P 5 Importance and value of operation management in accomplishing objectives of business
...................................................................................................................................................10
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................11
P 6 Influences business environment factors upon operation management and decision making
of leaders and managers ...........................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
Management operation can be referred as the business practices of administration, which
is being created by the high level management of the organization. It is the practice of
transforming of raw material into the final and finished goods and services that help to maximize
the profit of an organization. This report of management operation is based on the Morrisons
organization, which is the fourth largest supermarket chain in the United Kingdom. Morrison is
founded by William Morrison in 1899. Morrisons has 498 stores across the United Kingdom and
delivered different kind of products in the market like books, clothings, food and drink and many
more.
This report of management and operation will include the different roles ad
characteristics of leaders and managers in Morrisons. This will further explain with the help of
the different approaches and theory, how managers and leaders help the organization in its
different situation. Further more different leadership approaches will also be included for the
help of the leaders. Key approaches of management operation will also be included which help to
play different roles by mangers and leaders. Importance of management operation to achieve the
organizational goal will explain. Lastly will analyse the different factors on the business
environment that have great impact on management operation of Morrison.
LO 1
P 1 Different roles and characteristics of leaders and mangers.
Leaders and mangers play important role in the Morrison supermarket organization.
Leaders play the role to motivate, inspire, encourage and influence their employees in order top
work effectively and also by understand the demand and need of the customers, so that company
satisfied their needs (Slack and Brandon-Jones, 2018).
Whereas managers play the role to manage all the operations and activities of Morrisons
in order to fulfil the demand of customers and to retain their employees in the organization, that
contribute in fulfilling the task and target of company.
Roles of managers and leaders:
 Role of leaders  Role of managers
 Leaders play the roles of creator of  Whereas managers of Morrisons play
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vision for the employees. Leaders of
Morrisons create picture in front of
their team members, and encourage,
and inspire them in order to fulfil that
vision of Morrisons.
 Leaders initiate to bring change in the
Morrisons. They try to make change
their leadership style and organizational
culture and policies that they follow
since long time and make it more
effective (Ansoff and et.al., 2018).
 Leaders of Morrisons take risk in every
step of their activities and operation. To
make change in the organization they
have to take risk. They know that, they
can be fail in their strategies or change
but still they initiate to make change
and take risk.
 Leaders play the role of director and
coach. They direct their team members
in order to achieve the target of
Morrison effectively. Leaders motivate,
direct and coach their employees and
support them in their decision-making
process and planning.
the role of goal and target creator.
Managers of Morrisons set target for
the whole organization. On the basis of
those target leaders plan their
strategies.
 Managers play the role to maintain the
status of the Morrisons supermarket, by
making effective strategies for their
employees and other stakeholders. And
also make change in their policies
according to the changing trend in the
market.
 Managers play the role to control the
risk in the Morrisons organization. If
any risk is being predicted by the
managers, and hey make strategies to
control the risk in the Morrisons
organization.
 Managers play role of directing and
monitoring the operation and activities
of employees including leaders of
Morrisons as well. Managers evaluate
and monitor all the activities of their
employees in order to direct them. So
that they can plan policies and
strategies according to employees.
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Characteristics of leaders and managers
Characteristics of leaders Characteristics of managers
Leaders is the born characteristics of an
individual. It is the willingness to adopt this
quality to being a leader and influence the
employees.
Leaders have the characteristics to motivate
their employees in order to work effectively
and increase their productivity to achieve the
task and target.
Leaders have the characteristics to direct and
motivate their employees in order to achieve
target.
Managers of Morrisons have great and
effective communication skill. To make strong
relation with customers and all the stakeholders
they communicate effectively.
Managers have the characteristics that they
have great knowledge about the management
style. So that they can effectively handle and
manage all the operation of Morrisons (Gächter
and Renner, 2018).
Managers have the characteristics of time
management. They effectively manage their
time as according to the operation and
activities, to accomplish the target in minimum
possible time.
LO 2
P 2 Functions of leaders and mangers in different organizational situation.
Leaders and managers of Morrisons play different role in different situation of the
organization. They help to manage and direct their employees in order to increase the
productivity of Morrisons. They also play the role to manage conflicts among the employees and
motivate them to do their work effectively. Managers and leaders help their employees to
achieve their short term and long term goals that indirectly help achieve the overall goals of
Morrisons organization (Su and Baird, 2018). Different roles by the managers and leader of
Morrisons in different situation are as follows:
Poor productivity of employees and organization: Poor productivity is that when the
production of Morrisons super market is low because of the poor working ability of the
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employees. Therefore, the profit share of Morrison in the market also decreased. In this situation
leaders play the role of director, as they give the clear direction of making strategies and plan in
order to achieve the effective working ability and goals of Morrisons. They also help their team
members to clear understanding of their job role and responsibility that help them to work
effectively.
Whereas managers play the role to provide he clear goal and target to the leaders so that
they can understand those target to their team members in order to increase the productivity. In
this, managers help their employees by providing the effective training program so that they can
enhance their skills (Subramony and et.al., 2018). In this way productivity of employees
increased. Skilled employee work effectively and contribute to increase the productivity of
whole Morrisons organization in the market.
Employee turnover: Employee turnover is the situation, where employees of Morrisons
company leave organization rapidly. They leave organization because they do not like some
policies or low salary and many more. To reduce the employee turnover, in Morrisons company
leaders of the company, play the role to understand their problem, why they are leaving
organization. Try to empathy with them and understand their problem. Leaders try to solve their
employees problem in personal level and then transfer it to the top management. Leader guide
employees and direct them if they have any job regarding problem. Leader applies different
styles according to employees to make them comfortable and work effectively (Posner, 2018).
Managers play role to make effective policies for their employees to reduce the turnover
in Morrison supermarket. Such as, they give reward, promotion, appraisal and motivate
employee by these, if employees have salary regarding problem. Apart from this, manager try to
change the organizational culture, where employees can work effective and maintain their
relationship with other employees. This help Morrisons to reduce employee turnover. In this
way, managers and leaders play their role effectively to reduce the turnover situation from
Morrison and help to increase its profit share in retail market (Joseph and et.al., 2019).
Interpersonal conflicts: This is the situation, when employees have problem with other
employees of Morrison company. Employee may have problem with their top management as
well. In this situation leaders play role by listening problem of different employees and
understand their problem. Try to manage their problem by applying different leadership styles,
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and giving task in which they can work collectively and cooperate each other and maintain
relationship and strong bond wit h team members.
In this managers of Morrisons try to meet with the employees and try to know problem in
team from team leaders and employees. After having knowledge about the problem among
employees managers give different facilities and create such culture in the organization where
employees interact with each other. In this way they create healthy environment in the Morrisons
supermarket. This help organization to increase its productivity in the retail market by having
good relation among all the employees.
Market image of organization: In this situation, leaders play role to give direction and
guidelines to their team members, ho to do their work effectively. Leaders also help them to
make strategies and decision-making process to achieve target. In this way employees work
effectively with their full potential and contribute to achieve overall organizational target of
Morrison which is to increase it profits as compared to other competitors in supermarket
(Jackson, Sørensen and Møller, 2019).
Whereas managers play the role in making effective policies for their employees. Such as
provide them ongoing training and development and workshop to enhance and make
improvement in their skills. By this effective training, employees get help to make changes and
improvement in their previous skills and strategies and can make strong effective strategies with
the help of training. This help the Morrisons to increase its productivity and deliver the products
to the market which other supermarkets are not able to provide. This helps to increase the market
image of Morrisons supermarket in retail sectors.
P 3 Different theories and approaches of leadership.
To make all the operations and activities in the Morrisons, leaders apply different
approaches in heir organization. These approaches help the leaders of Morrisons to apply their
different styles according to the organizational situation (Northouse, P.G., 2018). In this way
leaders can handle their team members effectively and manage their work in order to achieve the
target of Morrison in minimum possible time. These approaches of leadership are:
Situational leadership approach — This is one of the best leadership approach that can
be applied by the leaders Morrisons. This approach basically depends on the situation of
Morrisons and suggest which kind of leadership style leaders can apply that are best fit in the
particular situation and task. This approach helps the leaders and managers of Morrisons in order
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to direct them which style is perfect for their employees so that they can work effectively.
According to this leadership approach, leaders of Morrisons adapt the best leadership style for
the employee and team members according to different situation in Morrisons (Offermann and
Coats, 2018).
This approach help managers as well that help to identify which management style is best
suited for the employees and organization. So they can improve productivity of their
organization and employees. So that they can make changes in their policies, strategies and
culture of Morrisons. This situational approach help both leaders and managers and make their
work effective and help them to choose which styles is best fitted in situation, that can help
employees to increase their productivity, relationship in the Morrisons among employee and with
top management as well.
System leadership approach — System leadership theory helps the leaders and manager
to create such situation and condition in the Morrison so that employee of Morrisons work
effectively. This system theory, enable leaders and manager to build situation in the Morrisons to
apply different leadership and management style according to them which they want to apply and
are skilled in that style. This system approach can be open or closed. Closed system can not be
affected by the various environmental factors. Another one is open system which is most
affected by external environmental factor. With the help of this system theory, managers and
leaders apply different principles and human behaviour in Morrisons. That help the leaders and
mangers to increase productivity and developing innovative environment in the company. This
help the customers of Morrisons to get creative products and innovative services from the
employees of Morrisons. Manager and leaders also focus on best utilization of available
resources in the company. Main aim of applying this theory is to develop sustainability of
Morrisons in market (Thompson and Glasø, 2018).
Contingency leadership approach — This contingency leadership theory is important for
both leaders and managers of Morrisons. In these leaders and managers have strong knowledge
about their skill leadership style, that they can put in to into situation. In these leaders and
managers try to match their skills and knowledge to the situation that can make improvement in
their working capacity and ability. This become the best style when the styles, skills and
knowledge of leaders and managers match with the situation of the Morrisons organization. This
contingency leadership approach is work on the three basis which are, leader members
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relationship, task structure and positional power. If employee, subordinate have trust, confidence
on their leader this build the strong relation between them. This help the leaders and manger that
employee and team members willingly accept and follow their style and work accordingly. In the
task structure, if subordinate have clear understanding of their job role and task, this also help
leaders and manager to reach to the end result to increase production and gain more profit share
in the market by Morrisons with the help of their employees. Last one is to positional power, in
which leaders and mangers of Morrison, have the power to influence the working ability of their
employees by their clear and effective guidance and direction. This also help the leaders of
Morrisons that employees and subordinate easily follow their direction without having any
doubt. This help Morrisons to manage all their operation without any hurdles. This help leader
and company to increase its productivity as leader direct their employees effectively (Lewis,
2019).
LO 3
P 4 Key approaches to operation management and role of leader and managers
Operation management is taken up with controlling the manufacturing procedure and
business function in the most effective manner possible. It includes many responsibilities such as
assuring business running efficiently both in relation to utilise the least figure of resources and in
meeting consumer needs to the largest norms economically feasible (Meredith and Pilkington,
2018). It includes handling procedure by which raw material, labour and force are regenerated
into products and services.
Total Quality Management (TQM):
It is the leading approach for managing the operation of company. Total quality
management defines arrangement concept to long terms success via consumer satisfaction. All
members of company participate in developing procedures, goods, facilities and culture in which
they work in total quality management efforts. It can be stated as management system for
consumer directed firm like Morrisons which includes all workers in continuous development
(Reid and Sanders, 2015). There are eight principles of TQM such as consumer-directed, total
worker engagement, procedure-focused, strategic and systematised, continuous development,
fact-based decision making and interaction. Through this approach, manager and leader play role
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in relation to providing the high quality goods and services, improving culture and continuous
progression of firm.
Just In Time (JIT):
It is the also essential approach to manage the operation of the organization. JIT
inventory system is the management theory which adjusts raw material orders from suppliers
instantly with manufacturing schedules. Organizations like Morrisons utilise this inventory
concept to raise efficiency and reduce waste through acquiring only as they want them for
manufacturing procedure the decrease inventory prices. This approach needs manufactures to
forecasts demand exactly (Messina and Zimmerman, 2018). The main concentration of just in
time is to determine and accurate obstruction in the manufacturing procedure which is focused
by manager and leaders of Morrisons. It presents hidden difficulties of inventory. The technique
of JIT keeps organization from utilising unreasonable stock and smooths manufacturing
functions if particular activity takes longer than expected imperfect portion is finding in the
system.
Six Sigma:
It is the set of method for procedure development. Six sigma approaches try to develop
quality of output of procedure through determining and removing which causes of faults and
reducing variability in producing and business procedures. It utilises set of quality administration
techniques mainly empirical, applied math and makes special substructure of within company
like Morrisons. Six sigma project transferred within company follows determined series of stage
that has particular value targets for instance decrease cycle time, pollution, costs, raising
consumer satisfaction and profitability (Slack and Brandon-Jones, 2018). Six sigma project
assess current state and raise execution of business procedure to fresh and statistically developed
state utilising statistical techniques. There is specific method with Six Sigma which is DMAIC
that stands for define, measures, analysis, improve and control.
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 Define: The leading aim of define stage is to state the project plan. This stage directs on
clearly specifying the difficulties, objective of procedure development and scope of task
and determine consumers within the Morrisons. Different components such as business
case, goal statement, time plan, approximate project benefits, team and their duties.
 Measures: The key goal of measure stage is to gather information which is relevant to
scope of tasks. This stage directs on determining parameters which require to be
quantified and measuring them in effective manner. Also, its concentrate on gather
required information and carry out measurement through various techniques (Ifinedo,
Pyke and Anwar, 2018).
 Analysis: The primary aim of analysis stage is to discover the root cause of business
skillfulness. It determines the space among actual and goal execution, identify their
causes and chances for their progression in the Morrisons.
 Improve: This stage develops the procedure through ascertaining possibly solutions,
modes of apply them, test and utilise them for development. Procedure operators are
advised and developments are recommanded.
 Control: The leading goal is to create detailed solution monitoring plan. This program
assures which needed execution is maintained (Yeh, Lee and Pai, 2015). It determines
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Illustration 1: DMAIC – A Six
Sigma Process Improvement Methodology
Source: (DMAIC – A Six Sigma Process Improvement Methodology,
2018)