Leadership and Management in Operations: A Jaguar Case Study Report

This report delves into the core concepts of leadership and management within an operational context, using the British car manufacturer Jaguar as a case study. It begins by defining and comparing the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers, highlighting their distinct responsibilities and approaches. The report then examines how these roles are applied in various situational contexts, such as crisis management and new product launches, demonstrating the importance of adaptability. Furthermore, it explores different leadership theories and models, including situational, contingency, and system leadership, and their practical applications within the organization. The second half of the report focuses on operations management, explaining key approaches and the roles of leaders and managers in achieving business objectives. It emphasizes the importance of operations management in achieving business goals and assesses factors within the business environment that impact operational decision-making, concluding with an overview of the key findings.

UNIT 4
MANAGING OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
LO1.............................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Define and compare different roles and characteristics of leader and manager..................................3
LO2.............................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Examine how role of a leader and function of a manager apply in different situational context.........5
P3 Apply different theories and models of approach includes situational leadership, system leadership
and contingency.......................................................................................................................................7
LO3.............................................................................................................................................................9
P4 Explain key approaches to operations management and role that leaders and managers play............9
P5 Explain importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives............11
LO4...........................................................................................................................................................12
P6 Assess factors within business environment that impact upon operational management and decision
making by leaders and managers...........................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Management and operations is concerned with the various managing functions i.e.
planning, organizing, directing and supervising the different activities like manufacturing of the
goods and services, production, supply chain management so that it easy to become a successful
and get the effective and efficient results in an appropriate manner. Both leader and manager
play a prominent role in organizing and motivating the employees to get the desired outcomes.
This report is based on understanding the term management and leaders with their roles and
characteristics with their comparison. It also inculcates leadership theories and per the perception
of organisation and in their second part of report it focus on the operations management that will
play an important role in firm and it also includes various approaches that can be shown below.
This report is based on Jaguar that is the British car manufacturing company that deals globally
and headquartered in England, UK(Adebiyi, Oyatoye and Amole, 2016).
LO1
P1 Define and compare different roles and characteristics of leader and manager
Leadership: It refers to an art of encouraging individuals or as group of people for achieving the
common goal. It is both a research and a practical skill that helps in guide the other person for
getting the desired results.
Leader: It defines an individual that contains the effective style of leadership for motivating
people in a group for achieving the common goal. A leader is responsible and accountable for the
outcomes that are carried out by individuals or a team mates(Akalin, Huang and Willems, 2016).
Roles of leader
 Vision provider: The major role of a leader is to provide a clear and understanding
vision to their followers so that they can achieves the targets in an effective way. In
Jaguar leaders see the vision and provides the clear direction as per the set vision i.e.
sustain in the market for a longer period of time so that teams can be work and fulfilling
the objectives.
 Encourage and boost morale: It is the role of a leader to encourage every individual
and boost the morale so that every employee is work with full productivity and gives the

efficient results. In case of Jaguar leader boost their follower’s morale in financial and
non financial terms so that they will encourage towards achieving the goal as per the set
vision(Baxley and et. al., 2016).
Characteristics of leader
 Influence: A leader can influence other person that helps in effectively complete the
work with more cooperation. In this a leader of a Jaguar has power to convince their team
members so that they can achieve their task in an effective way.
 Effective communicator: It is the essential feature of a leader that they convey all their
rules and guidelines as per the vision to their followers in a timely manner. In Jaguar
leader can transfer their vision in an effective way so that team members understand very
clearly and eliminates the adverse effects.
Management: It is an art of managing, controlling, handling and directing the workforce within
the organisation for earning high profits and longer sustainability of organisation.
Manager: A manager refers to a person who is responsible for motivating and supervising their
workforce for controlling the organisation process. In case of Jaguar manager focus on their
employee’s performance and direct them for effective results(Cook and Billig, 2017).
Role of manager
 Resource allocator: A manager is responsible for allocate the task to their employees so
that they perform their work effectively and productively. In case of Jaguar, manager can
delegate the resources and responsibilities to those workers can effectively work an gives
the proficient results.
 Establishing policies: formulating the responsibilities, policies and guidelines are the
major role of managers. In case of Jaguar, manager can issues policies and ensure that
there employees are working effectively in an ethical manner.
Characteristics of manger
 Effective interpersonal skills: Managers have a variety of skills that they have effective
communication skill, have ability to organize, control all the activities so that employees

in Jaguar can work in an productive way and managers can controlled in a best effective
way.
 Time management: A manager can manage the time because it is a very precious thing
so that task can be completed in an appropriate manner. In this manager of Jaguar can
manages their time without wasted so that they can utilized in an effective way and gives
the proficient results(Ferguson and et. al., 2017).
Comparison between leader and manager
Basis Leader Manager
Theories It involves system theory,
situational and contingency
theory.
It includes behavior, autocratic
and participative theory.
Role The major role of a leader is to
encourage the employees
towards the set vision and
objectives.
In this manager play a role of
managing the organisation
employees as per the vision.
Characteristics The best feature of a leader is
effective communication so
that they easily communicate
with their followers.
In this managers have
interpersonal skill so that all
the function perform
appropriately.
LO2
P2 Examine how role of a leader and function of a manager apply in different situational context
There are various types of situation that is face by the every business firm at this time
manager and a leader play an effective role so that they can tackle the situation and avoid the
losses in operational sectors. In this both leaders play an effective role whereas manager
performs efficient function to overcome the issues and maintain the sustainability and it can
show below.

Situation: Crisis management: This situation is suggested that how the organisation can
manages and organize the things at the time of major critical situation. In this situation company
may face disruptive operations due to which stakeholders present as a threats and to manage and
maintains the situation leader and manager of Jaguar play an essential role and functions that can
be explain below(Heizer, 2016).
Role of leader
 In this situation leader of a Jaguar is present as a spokesperson so that they can convey
their message and present the company in front of media and stakeholders so that they
can make their trust on the company.
 In crisis situation leader of Jaguar have accountable towards their decisions so that they
can show their manageable condition in the organisation and control all the activities so
that it helps in cover the whole situation.
Functions of manager
 In crises situation manager of Jaguar can perform a function related to gathering the data
from different sources and give that information to leader so that they can guide their
team mates to work effectively.
 In this situation function of a manger in Jaguar examine all the departments so that they
can motivate their subordinates to manage the extra pressure in critical situation.
 The major function of Jaguar manger is to effectively communicate the information so
that employees give effective results in the crisis situation with a calm nature(Marshall
and et. al., 2015).
Situation: New product launch: It is a situation when a Jaguar can launch a new product for
this they can make new strategies and policies to place their products in the market in a valuable
list. At this time manager and leader of a Jaguar can play an essential function and role so that
launching of new product can place their image in an efficient way in the
marketplace(Nakagawa, NEC Corp, 2015).
Role of leader

 In this Jaguar leaders have set the vision and make the strategies that are essential to the
new product that helps in capturing new opportunities. Leader also plays a role of
spokesperson at the time of launching new product so that position of the new launching
is very efficient.
 In this leader of Jaguar take prominent decisions about the launching of new product and
their investments so that it places their immense image in the eyes of
customers(McArthur, 2015).
Function of manager
 The major function of manager in Jaguar is to make the strategy related to pricing and
promotions so that delivers the launching product is efficient in the marketplace.
 Another major function of Jaguar manager is that they can recruit the new employees to
fulfill the vacant job so that task can be achieved in an effective way. this helps in
increasing the production process as per the new knowledge of the market so that
business can be developed and earns high profits.
P3 Apply different theories and models of approach includes situational leadership, system
leadership and contingency
It is very essential to apply an appropriate theory of leadership so that leaders can
measures and controls all the activities with the employees support in an effective and efficient
way. In case of Jaguar there are various theories of leadership that can be shown below.
 Situational leadership: This theory is proposed by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard that
states that there is no appropriate style of a leader that can lead and perform in an
effective way so that organisation can earn a effective results in every situation. As it is
flexible in nature that can be changes as per the demand in an appropriate manner. In case
of Jaguar leaders can use this type of leadership approach to feel the success in the
business firm situation. it involves various terms that shows below(Radnor and Bateman,
2016).
Telling: In this type leader of Jaguar can take decisions and communicate to their
followers to maintain the decorum in the business.

Selling: In this style of leadership Jaguar leaders can sell their vision to their
subordinates so that they can start their work according to that and gives
prominent results.
Delegating: In this style leaders of a Jaguar are responsible for taking the
decisions and delegate it to the employees as per their skills and knowledge. this
helps in completing the task by the team mates in an effective way.
Participating: In this style of leadership, Jaguar leaders can gives the rights to
their subordinates so that they can share their ideas this also builds the confidence
and relations so that task can be achieved in an effective way.
 Contingency leadership: This style of leadership suggests that a leader can adopt that
approach of leadership that can match the current situation so that task can be achieved in
an effective way. It is based on three aspects that is leadership style, situational variables
and relationship between styles and situation. In context of Jaguar leader can adopts the
best leadership style according to the prevailing situation so that work can be done
without misunderstanding and employees can give the effective results and maintains
their relations with other employees and top level managers.
 System leadership: This style of leadership can suggest that business firm may create a
condition in these members of a company at different levels can perform their work in an
effective and efficient way. It shows the integration of collaborative style of leadership
and innovation where openness and effectives is very essential to get the productive
results. In case of Jaguar, leader can use this type of leadership approach so that they can
maintains and control all the activities in the various departments so that all the goals can
be achieved in a systematic way and to maintains the discipline leaders can follow the
employment law that helps in satisfying the employees in their jobs(Roda and Macchi,
2016).
Application of leadership theories
 Crisis management: In this situation leader of Jaguar can adopts the situational
leadership approach because at this time company may face critical problem and
at this time maintaining the relations within the team members is more important
for achieving the success. In this they can firstly identify the crisis situation that is

related to stakeholder’s dissatisfaction and than adopts the transformational style
to maintains the value and culture within the firm and achieves the growth and
sustainability in marketplace.
 New product launch: In this situation a leader can adopts the contingency style
of leadership where they can adopts the democratic style so that production of
goods and services can be done in an effective way and company may face the
major launching of the new products in the market that helps in attracting large
amount of customers. In this leader can focus on completing the task before
deadline so that they may place their high market position(Saucedo-Martínez and
et. al., 2018).
LO3
P4 Explain key approaches to operations management and role that leaders and managers play
Operations management includes various types of approaches that are very effective to
manage the operational function within the company in an effective way. in case of Jaguar this
approaches of operational management can be shown below.
 Six-Sigma: It refers to a framework of management technique that is used for the
improvement and eliminating the wastage of the resources in the production process so
that company may enjoy efficiency at the time of manufactured offerings. It shows that
defects can be present is not more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities that can
place a dissatisfaction from the customer side. In case of Jaguar, use of this approach
helps in production activities so that business can get the quality products and effective
improvements in the products with reducing the wastage. This approach can include
further five aspects that can show in Jaguar context below(Smith and et. al., 2015).
D- It helps in defining the problems and the goals related to task
M- It shows the measuring aspects in the different activities that can use in existing
process
A - It helps in analyzing the data and information so that defects can be reduces.

I – It shows the improving process in the manufacturing products.
C- It helps in controlling the activities that can do to achieve the task.
 Lean principles: It refers to that operational approach which is used to cutting the waste
and ensures the quality products so that company can offers the products on reasonable
price that can contains more values and customers highly influenced towards the goods.
In this leader of Jaguar can implement this strategy so that they can maintain the
efficiency of work in the organisation and provides the effective inventory that can
influence customers to buy this and firm may enjoy high sales and profits. In this
manager can make the plan so that different department works with efficiently and use
the tools and methods in an appropriate manner so that cost can be reduced(Cook and
Billig, 2017).
 Total quality management: It defines the constant process that helps in defecting and
reducing the errors in the production process, delivery of goods and services, improving
the customers’ relationship and provides the training to workforce to speed up their
performance. This aspect ensures that the entire department is accountable as per their
task to improve the quality of goods and provide it to the final customer. In case of Jaguar
this approach is highly valuable in the manufacturing process so that employees are
working with high potential and eliminates the cost by improving the quality so that
business venture may enjoy longer sustainability(Wu, 2016).
In this approaches managers and leader play and effective role to effective follow thses
operational approaches that can be shown below
 Direction provider: In context of Jaguar leader is the person who directs the followers in
the operations and production process and managers who is responsible for checking all
the activities that is perform within the firm so that every employees can perform their
task effectively.
 Brings the quality initiatives: In this leader and manager play an effective role top bring
the quality initiative that helps in provides the different identity of the business in the
marketplace. In this leader of a Jaguar is motivate, encourage and directs their team

members whereas manager can implement the plan and manages all the activities in the
operations that is related to JIT, TQM and Kaizen etc.
P5 Explain importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives
Operations management: It refers to the administration of the organisastion that can
helpful in creating the highest level of potential in the business firm. It helps in converting the
inputs and raw material into the output or the finished good in a best possible way so that
organisation may enjoy longer sustainability and profits in the marketplace. In context of Jaguar
operation management is responsible for accounting, organizing and managing the resources so
that they can give the final product in an effective and efficient way(Zurich and Documentation,
2018).
Planning- In this Jaguar manager can implement the plan and strategies in an effective
way that can helpful in achieving the goals of the organisastion in an appropriate way.
Organizing- In this manger and leader of Jaguar can focus on their roles and
responsibilities so that task can be organized in the effective way and company can enjoy high
sales and satisfaction.
Directing- In this aspect manager of a Jaguar can directs the employees about the task so
that goals can be achieved in an effective way because task can be distributed as per the
capability and ability of the employees.
Controlling- In this manager of Jaguar can take corrective measures that helps in
completing the work in an prominent way that can enhance the efficiency of organisation(Baxley
and et. al., 2016).
In this Jaguar is the largest British car manufacture company in the UK that deals in worldwide a
due to this due to this follow the proper plans that can positively impact the operations of the
business. In this they can enhance their sales by 20% and make the loyal customers that will
retain with the company. to improve their performance and reducing the wastage Jaguar can
adopts the TQM principle in their production activity so that they can fulfills the demands of the
customers and proving them in an appropriate way. For delivering the goods to their targets
customers business may use six sigma approaches that can reduce the defects and increase the

capacity of manufacturing process. To avoid the wastage of time in the manufacturing process
Jaguar may use the queuing theory that helps in meeting the objectives in an appropriate way.
They can also adopt the Kaizen model to enhance their regular activities and reduce the extra
cost that may enhance the operation expenses. All this approaches helps in enhances the profits
and sustainability of the firm.
LO4
P6 Assess factors within business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision making by leaders and managers
In taking the decisions related to the enhancing the profits of Jaguar they can focus on
analyzing the external factor that includes various aspects such as CSR, Sustainability, values
and ethics etc. at this time managers and leaders of the concerned company play an effective role
that can be elaborated below.
 Sustainability: This term shows the success and value of the organisation in the
marketplace that helps in sustaini98ng for a longer period of time without facing major
issues and hindrances. In this Jaguar is one of the largest car manufacturing company
whose motive to sustain in the market by offering the quality product and regularly
focusing on the innovation so that they can attract and retain their customers for a longer
period of time and also have an effective investors who are working with the company. in
this manager of Jaguar have the responsibility to implement and execute the production
process according to the innovation that gives effective and effecting results to attracts
the customers and enhancing the sales whereas in this leader can provides the direction to
their team mates so that they constantly work on the giving direction and achieves the
task in approachable way(Adebiyi, Oyatoye and Amole, 2016).
 CSR: It refers to the corporate social responsibility in which organisation can mainly
focus on social, economic and environmental impacts that can affect the functions within
the business firm. at this term both leader and manager of Jaguar can play an effective
role and follows the various rules and policies related to CSR in which they adopts the
policy related to welfare of environment for this they can recycle the process of
production to optimum utilize the resources and minimizing the waste to get the effective