Evaluating Leadership and Management in Organizational Culture

This report provides an analysis of leadership and management theories in relation to organizational strategies, focusing on the role of leadership in guiding and motivating employees. It examines various leadership theories such as Contingency, Situational, Transformational, and Transactional theories, and management theories including Scientific, Administrative, Bureaucratic, and Human Relations theories. The report assesses the impact of these theories on organizational effectiveness, using Blue Arrow agency and Inter Quest group as case studies. It evaluates different leadership and management styles in various business situations, comparing their impact on decision-making and organizational culture. The report also explores the factors influencing the development of organizational culture and its importance on organizational performance. This document is available on Desklib, a platform offering AI-based study tools and a wide range of academic resources for students.

Leadership and
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
TASK ..............................................................................................................................................4
P1 Discuss different theories of leadership in relation to the management activities in different
organisations...............................................................................................................................4
P2 Explore different theories of management in relations to the management and leadership
activities in different organisations.............................................................................................5
M1 Analyse the impact of application of leadership and management theories on the
effectiveness of a large organisation. .........................................................................................6
D1 Critically evaluate the impact of different approaches to leadership and management .......7
P3 Assess different leadership and management style and their application in a range of
business situations in different organisations..............................................................................7
M2 Compare the impact of leadership and management styles on decision making in different
organisations...............................................................................................................................9
P4 Examine the factors that influence the development of the culture in organisations............9
M3 Evaluate the importance of organisational culture on the performance of different
organisations.............................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
REFERNCES:................................................................................................................................12
Books and Journals:..................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The report aims to analyse the role of leadership and management in relation to different
organisational strategies. Leadership plays vital role in order to guide and motivate employees in
a well manner. Leadership is effective when an organisation needs to face difficult situation. It is
required to deal with multiple tasks and activities that needs to be done in proper way. A leaders
is the one who holds a special place in the mind of employees. They are the inspirational
personality which that have various skills to attract people (Julian, Manalo, and Estiva, 2018).
These skills includes hard and soft skills, communication, management and interpersonal which
helped in achieving tasks and objectives. This report is based on Blue Arrow company which is a
recruiting agency that provides employment opportunities for individual and solve client's
problem. This agency will ensure that, they provide solutions for the business in recruiting and
retaining people. This report is going to analyse different leadership theories and management
activities for different organisation. There will be discussion about how management approaches
are linked with different activities at workplace. Also, critical evaluation will be present in this
report to analyse the impact of approaches in leadership and management.
MAIN BODY
TASK
P1 Discuss different theories of leadership in relation to the management activities in different
organisations.
Leadership is an effective practices which enables a company to achieve goals and
objectives. It demonstrate how a leader is could influence and guide to other people for
managing roles and responsibility. Different leaders have different theories which they undertake
in their practice. Every individual has their internal talent to communicate and interact with
others. It depends on how a company will be able to motivate and guide their employees to fulfil
the desired targets (Hallinger, and Kovačević, 2022). There are different leadership style which
are used by different types of individuals. Each leader is regarded with many skills like hard and
soft communication, time management and problem solving. These leadership theories are
described below:
Contingency theory: As per this theory, leaders could not use one particular style or
theory in all the situation within organisation. Different situation require different decisions for

which leaders must choose a right action by analysing the whole situation appropriately. The
blue Arrow agency apply this theory when employees were working in the Covid-19 pandemic.
There were a lot of hurdles in working with technology. Whereas, the Inter quest group leaders
use this theory when they face drastic change in their workplace.
Situational leadership theory: This theory shows that, the leaders must be follow
different styles and theories as per the requirement of situation. The leaders face many ups and
downs in Blue Arrow agency when they require best guiding technique. The company needs to
serve their client best recruitment staff for which they train employees to communicate with
them to analyse their issues. In inter quest group has their main standards to serve their client so
they impose their expectation on them. This makes the leaders constant in decision making.
Transformational Leadership Theory: This theory shows that these leaders has their
approach to make relationship among employees and leaders. The leaders of blue arrow agency
believes that, they must be inspirational and encouraging for the employees in order to involve
them in the tasks and activities (Connolly, James, and Fertig, 2019). They are the motivational
personality which influence other by their key skills. The blue arrow agency use this theory of
leadership to inspire people with their positive mindset and workaholic approach. Therefore, the
company inter quest group also follows this theory which maintain good interpersonal relations
among the individuals.
Transactional Theories: This theory shows that how an individual will work as per the
supervisor and senior manger. These leaders are liable to put regular control and supervision on
employees performance. They believe that, by continuous monitoring, employees will find their
mistakes and find solution to improve their productivity at workplace. The leaders of blue arrow
agency does not follow this theory as they create an independent environment for employees to
work. Whereas, inter quest group of leaders treat employees by giving rewards and punishments
for the work done.
P2 Explore different theories of management in relations to the management and leadership
activities in different organisations.
There are various management theories in relation to the leadership activities. Management is
another important concepts which helps in achieving goals in the organisation. It enables a
systematic procedure for distributing task, roles and responsibility in the organisation. Without

management, there will be no way to achieve success. Due to having large workplace and
diversified business areas, some effective management theories are described below:
Scientific management theory: This theory involves scientific management practices
within an organisation. The leaders not only believes in theoretical way, they believe that all the
workplace activities must be created in scientific manner (Bush, Bell, and Middlewood, 2019).
The blue arrow agency does not use this theory as they do not follow the culture of forcing
people or punishing them to work hard. the inter quest group uses this theory in order to manage
people and make them work hard.
Principles of administrative management theory: as per this theory, the managers of
the company needs to have skills to make plans, coordinate and control, manage tasks
effectively. Therefore, the blue arrow agency use this theory in their practice to create well
developed objectives and plans and across out all the task according to it. This eliminates
confusion and delays in working.
Bureaucratic management theory: This theory suggest that, the manager believes in
carrying out all the activities and function in hierarchy. These managers are true to their rules
and standards that must be followed effectively. The blue arrow agency use this theory for giving
commands, authority and responsibility, division of labours.
Human relations theory: This theory believes in making good human relation in order
to make interpersonal relations. The managers of blue arrow agency use this theory by working
in interpersonal culture as they emphasise on connecting with individuals for getting better
output.
M1 Analyse the impact of application of leadership and management theories on the
effectiveness of a large organisation.
As per the impact on leadership and management theories, it has analysed that these
theories of leadership like transnational and transformational are applied at universal level.
Mainly leaders need to adopt these theories as it influence in working with good relations and
creating a positive work environment. Also, the management theory like bureaucratic and human
relation is also effective. These theories are necessary for a large organisation like blue arrow
organisation in order to provide better service across the market.

D1 Critically evaluate the impact of different approaches to leadership and management
It has critically evaluated that, the organisation needs to use different approaches of
leadership like democratic, transactional. These approaches helps in motivating employees and
involve their participation in the workplace activities (Raju, 2018) . The leaders creates positive
impact by choosing right approach to influence others. The leaders of blue arrow organisation to
perform effective practices through their good hard and soft skills while communicating with
employees.
P3 Assess different leadership and management style and their application in a range of business
situations in different organisations
It is seen that all the business organisations respond differently in the situations. There is key
role of leader and manager in success of the business and helping the company to deal with the
situation (Castillo and Hallinger, 2018). It is important to apply right theories and models so that
the company is able to manage the work in effective manner. These leadership styles vary from
company to company.
Business situation Blue Arrow Agency InterQuest Group
Covid-19 (Work from home) Blue Arrow Agency follows
democratic management
style. It is necessary for them
to collaborate with all the
employees so that they are
able to carry on the work in
effective manner. At the time
of taking decisions for the
work from home due to
Covid-19, the company
involves all the members in
decision making (Kakemam
and et.al., 2020). It is
necessary for the company to
involve all the members so
that best decisions can be
In the similar situation of
providing work from home
InterQuest Group uses
Laissez-faire management
style. Due to the management
style all the employees start
giving their point of view and
they are unable to take
effective business decision.
There is need of managing the
work so that the decisions are
taken on right time for
development of the business.
It is seen that the nature of
business environment is
dynamic. The company fully

taken. It is necessary to
respond to the situation in
effective manner and include
all the people in decision
making by the company. By
taking review of all the
employees the better decisions
can be taken by the company
and its employees.
rely on the employees of the
company so that better
decisions are taken.
Expanding the business The leaders of Blue Arrow
Agency follow the style of
delegate. This helps them to
provide work to the employees
as per their styles and
capabilities. It can be done by
knowing the strengths and
weakness of the employees in
the company and providing
them work as per their
capability. Delegating the
work makes the employees
stronger and they are able to
take responsibility. At the time
of expansion of business there
is a lot of work that the
employees have to carry on.
The leader always supports
them and provide them
guidance so that they are able
to carry on the work in
The use directing leadership
style is being done by
InterQuest Group at the time
of expanding the operations of
their business. There is need of
directions to the employees so
that they are able to work
according to the same (Harris
and Jones, 2018). The
employees require support and
guidance in order to attain the
targets for the overall success.
The work is being explained to
the employees and proper
direction is provided to them.
All the employees need
different guidance that assist
them to carry on the work
properly.

effective manner.
M2 Compare the impact of leadership and management styles on decision making in different
organisations.
The different leadership and management styles have direct impact on the decision making.
It is seen that there is need of managing the work in such a manner that the company is able to
take best decisions. The leadership style has impact on the morale of the employees. The use of
delegation by Blue Arrow Agency helps to keep the employees motivated and manage the
overall work with responsibility (Halkias and Neubert, 2020). At the same time the use of
democratic style of management helps the company to take better decisions that involve success
of the business. It makes the effective player in the market. There is direct impact on the
employee morale, productivity, decision-making speed, and metrics.
P4 Examine the factors that influence the development of the culture in organisations.
Culture includes the norms, values and guidelines that are followed in a company. It is
seen that Blue Arrow Agency maintains effective and positive culture in the company that helps
them to carry on the work in effective manner. There is need of working according to the culture
and influence the employees so that best practices can be attained. It is seen that there are several
factors that have influence on the development of the culture in the organisation. They are as
follows:
Top Leadership Principles: The leadership principles followed by the company have
impact on the working of the employees. It is seen that the morale of the employees is enhances
if they are able to use best leadership approaches. It helps the company to create positive culture
and let the employees work in effective manner (Masuda and et.al., 2020). There is use of right
leadership style so that all the employees know about their work and are able to carry on the
same.
Company Values, Policies and Work Ambiance: The mission and values of the
company has direct impact on the business. It is seen that the company that includes welfare of
employees in the values and objectives are able to create positive environment in the company. It
is important to follow all the policies as they have impact on the Blue Arrow Agency culture.
Customers and clients: The customers and the way they are being treated also shows the
culture. Blue Arrow Agency takes proper care of the customers so that they are able to deal with

all the situations. It helps the employees to maintain effective working condition and respect the
employees.
Working staff: All the employees of the company must have dedication to work together
and carry on the activities in effective manner (Gümüş and et.al., 2020). The culture of the Blue
Arrow Agency is in the hands of working staff of the business that helps to maintain peace in the
business. There is need of working together in organisation so that there are no conflicts in the
company and there is positive management.
M3 Evaluate the importance of organisational culture on the performance of different
organisations
There is key role of culture in the performance of different organisation. There is positive
culture in Blue Arrow Agency and due to this reason all the employees and ready to achieve the
goals and objectives with proper motivation (Beckett and Myers, 2018). The leader guides the
employees and help them to work in each and every situation. It manages the work done by the
company and they are able to maintain best goals and enhance productivity. On the other side, in
InterQuest Group the employees ae not provided with positive culture. There are more conflicts
that take place in the business organisation that reduces the productivity of the employees in the
company.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it is concluded that leadership and management plays a vital role in
managing the employees. It is necessary to adopt right style so that goals and objectives are
attained. The theories of leadership are important part of this report. The relation among the
theories is also mentioned in the report. The different organisational situations and there is
comparison is done to know about the best leadership and management style. In the end the
factors that impact the development of culture in organisation are mentioned.

REFERNCES:
Books and Journals:
Beckett, C. and Myers, M.D., 2018. Organizational culture in Business Process Management:
The challenge of balancing disciplinary and pastoral power. Pacific Asia Journal of the
Association for Information Systems, 10(1), p.3.
Bush, T., Bell, L. and Middlewood, D., 2019. Models of educational leadership. Principles of
Educational. Leadership and Management, pp.3-17.
Castillo, F.A. and Hallinger, P., 2018. Systematic review of research on educational leadership
and management in Latin America, 1991–2017. Educational Management
Administration & Leadership, 46(2), pp.207-225.
Connolly, M., James, C. and Fertig, M., 2019. The difference between educational management
and educational leadership and the importance of educational
responsibility. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 47(4), pp.504-
519.
Gümüş and et.al., 2020. Science mapping research on educational leadership and management in
Turkey: a bibliometric review of international publications. School Leadership &
Management, 40(1), pp.23-44.
Halkias, D. and Neubert, M., 2020. Extension of theory in leadership and management studies
using the multiple case study design. Available at SSRN 3586256.
Hallinger, P. and Kovačević, J., 2022. Mapping the intellectual lineage of educational
management, administration and leadership, 1972–2020. Educational Management
Administration & Leadership, 50(2), pp.192-216.
Harris, A. and Jones, M., 2018. The dark side of leadership and management. School Leadership
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Julian, J.F.E., Manalo, C.B. and Estiva, E.A., 2018. Using Images to Elicit Leadership and
Management in Nursing Praxis: A Photovoice Research.
Kakemam and et.al., 2020. Leadership and management competencies for hospital managers: a
systematic review and best-fit framework synthesis. Journal of healthcare
leadership, 12, p.59.

Masuda and et.al., 2020. Culture and business: How can cultural psychologists contribute to
research on behaviors in the marketplace and workplace?. Frontiers in Psychology, 11,
p.1304.
Raju, V., 2018. Theory of Lim law: Leadership style. Eurasian Journal of Analytical
Chemistry, 13(6), pp.125-136.