Analyzing Leadership & Management: Theory, Practice, and Styles

This essay explores the theories and practices of leadership and management, focusing on different leadership styles and approaches within the context of Nando's. It includes a reflection on personal leadership experiences, discussing the application of authoritarian leadership in a conflicting team situation and managing a volunteer team for an NGO. The essay analyzes various leadership styles such as authoritative, affiliative, democratic, pace-setting, coaching, and coercive leadership, as well as leadership approaches like innovative, transformational, charismatic, and servant leadership. The reflection section discusses the contingency theory and outlines personal leadership development objectives, including improving decision-making, enhancing teamwork skills, and improving communication abilities. The essay concludes by emphasizing the importance of adapting leadership styles to different situations and continuously developing leadership skills.

Leadership and
management, theory
and practice.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Two specific experiences of leadership......................................................................................3
Different styles and approaches of leadership............................................................................4
REFLECTION.................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is a quality that has the power to influence other. Leaders are the one that takes
actions in order to lead a group of people. In a company the leaders are the one that helps the
company in influencing its employees and make sure that employees are working towards the
goals and objectives of the company (Suhonen, Stolt and Charalambous., 2019.). Leaders helps
the employees in aligning their goals and objectives with the goals and objectives of the
company which makes them work on utmost productivity. Management on the other hand, helps
the company in managing the workings effectively and efficiently. The management of the
company makes sure that the workings of the company is running smoothly and their is no
interruptions. In context to Nando's, the company is a food chain which has specialisation in
providing best in class Peri Peri grilled styled chicken to its customers. The company was
founded in the year 1987 in Johannesberg, South Africa. The company has its presence in 35
countries.
MAIN BODY
Two specific experiences of leadership
According to me, leadership is one of the major task that an individual have to do in the
company. If a leader is unable to provide right directions to its team then the teams of the
company will not be able to perform the task correctly. It is important for an individual to have
leadership skills so that they can lead the team in the correct way and can influence the teams in
the right way. The experiences that I have are:
Firstly, I has a chance to lead a team of 6 members and at that point of time my team went into a
conflicting situation where 4 members were agreeing with my solution but 2 members were
disagreeing. At that point of time I used the authoritarian leadership style and lead my team and
the decision I have taken was correct. I choose this style of leadership as I was confident in my
decisions and I knew it that this decision of mine will be in the favour of my team as well as the
company for which we were working.
Secondly, when I was in my collage I was active in voluntary work. The work that we were
doing is for an NGO which was working for the welfare of the old people. It was a great
experience and that is where I got a chance to manage a team of 5 people. At that point of time
every thing was new for me and I have also made some mistakes built at that point of time I was

happy that I have directed my team in the correct way. The leaders have the power to influence
their team and lead them towards the correct path and that is exactly what I have did in my first
experience. I was in charge of the old people who are having some disabilities and I have to
provide them facilities for that particular day. While doing the job, I made sure that I and my
team members are providing all the facilities to those people effectively and efficiently.
Different styles and approaches of leadership.
Leadership styles
According to the analysis of Agile Vietnam, 2013 different leaders have different styles of
leadership and each leadership style is according to the emotional intelligence of the leader. In
context to Nando's there are mainly six types of leadership styles which which the company uses
are given below:
Authoritative leadership: This style of leadership is the most effective and has a very
positive impact on the workings of the company. In this style of leadership the leader give the
instructions which has to be followed by the followers in any case (Rofuth and Piepenbring.,
2019.). The decision making power is in the hands of the leader and the authority as well as the
responsibility is in the hands of the leader only. The followers have to follow the instructions
blindly and they have no right to give opinion in the matters of the company.
Affiliative leadership: The slogan of this style of leadership is that the people comes
first. In this style of leadership the leaders try to create an emotional bond with the team
members and try to make sure that the team members are not going through any problem. In
context to Nando's the leaders of the company make sure that this style of leadership is not used
alone in the company as in this style of leadership the leaders rarely give instructions to their
team members and may allow a scope for poor performance of employees. The leaders make
sure that appropriate instructions are given to the employees so that their is no scope for mistake.
Democratic leadership: The democratic style of leadership focuses on forcing the
consensus through participation. This style of leadership is best used in the situations where the
leader himself is uncertain about the direction and try to take advices from the team members.
This style can be best served if the leader wants to have some new and innovative ideas in its
management style or in the situation where innovative decisions are required (David., 2018). in
context to Nando's the company believes that a disadvantage of this style of leadership can be

that their may be a situation where the team members and the leaders cannot reach to a point
where the decision can be made.
Pace setting leadership: The leaders that use this style of leadership have high
expectations of performance from their followers. The slogan of this style of leadership is “ do as
I do”. This style works well when the employees are self motivated and passionate towards the
work that has provided to them. In case of Nando's, this style of leadership should not be used
alone as due to the high expectations of the leaders, it may have a negative impact on the
workings of the team.
Coaching leadership: This style of leadership gives people an encouragement to
experiment. This style of leadership is best suited when the followers of the company are also
ready to do experiment in their work (Giddens., 2018.). It is important for the leaders to make
sure that the followers of the leader are happy with this leadership style as it may do bad for the
organisation than good. In case of Nando's, it is important for the company to make sure that the
employees of the company are not resisting to this style of leadership and are willing to learn
new things in the workings of the company.
Coercive leadership: In this style of leadership the leaders want direct compliance of
their decision from the follower. This style is only effective in the times of crises and will only
be used in those times only. This style may demotivate the employees as well as also reduce the
morale and confidence of the employees. In context to Nando's, it is not good for the
productivity of the employees and is also not good for the company (The six leadership styles,
2013.).
Leadership approaches
According to the blog written by IEDC 2016, in order to become a successful leader, it is
important for the individual to have a strong character and deeper understanding of the tasks that
is needed to be fulfilled in order to become a successful leader. It is important for the leaders to
have qualities that people would look up for.
Innovative leadership: This style of leadership encourages innovation in the
management of the company as well as in the leadership style that the company is adopting for.
In this approach of leadership the leaders grasp the situation and go try to go beyond the usual
actions that are taken by the leaders before (Schell., 2019.). in context to Nando's, it is important
for the company to understand that this style of leadership is best for the company who are in the

industry where the taste and preferences of the people change constantly and the company have
to make changes so that they can cope with the trends.
Transformational leadership: In this style of leadership the leaders expect that the team
will perform best. This type of leadership brings positive change and meaningful change in the
workings of the company. It is important for the company to make sure that this style of
leadership is carried out correctly as their may be some followers or employees who are resisting
the change. In case of Nando's It is important for the company to make sure that
the.doc_1237766128 transformation that the leadership approach is bringing is in the favour of
the company.
Charismatic leadership: this is one of the most common approach of leadership as it is
based on the charisma and the personal qualities that the leader posses (Liu and Werblow.,
2019.). This approach of leadership posses strong sense of mission and vision and inculcate very
strong emotions in the followers. The personal qualities of the leaders will make sure that the
they are leading their teams in the correct way as the power is in the hands of the leaders. In case
of Nando's, this style of leadership depends on the personality of the leaders and the charisma
that they posses. The influence of the leaders on the employees are fully on the basis of personal
character of the employees.
Servant leadership: It is a style of leadership where the employees have more of
authority but less of power. In this style of leadership the employees of the company makes a
close connection with the customers and do action which are in the favour of retaining the
customers (Azorín, Harris and Jones., 2020.). This leadership style is commonly found in the
organisations where there is decentralized organisational structure. In case of Nando's, it is
important for the leaders to make sure that the team is going in the correct direction and must
provide assistance as and when required as the employees are in a close connection with the
customers and there is a major chance of mistakes which is not good for the reputation of the
company (Modern approaches to leadership, 2016).
REFLECTION
Contingency theory:
According to me, one of the best theory and widely seen theory is the situational theory which
states that the actual effectiveness of the leader will be seen through the actions or decision they
take in a particular situation. The environment is dynamic and it is important for the leader to be

ready for all the situations. The decision that the leader makes in these situations can be the one
that can states the effectiveness of the leader.
What are my
Leadership
development
Objectives?
What leadership activities do I
need to undertake to achieve
my objectives?
Where will I develop
my leadership to
achieve my leadership
objectives?
Target date for
achieving my
objectives
Improve my decision
making skills
I need to make sure that I
have researched about the
situation correctly so that I
can make sure that the
decision I am taking I have
full knowledge about it. It will
help me in building my
confidence in the decisions I
am taking.
In my collage. By August
2021
Enhance my team
work skills
I will make sure that I take
participation in more and
more team building activities
so that I can develop my
ability in working with teams
it will help me in interacting
more within the team and will
also help in keeping my
strong point of view within
teams.
At my workplace By October
2021
Improve my
communication skills
I will try to attend online
session regarding the skill of
effective communication so
that I can learn the art of this
skill. I will try to
At my workplace By December
2021

communicate more with my
colleagues so that I can make
sure that I am learning and
will also ask for their advices.
Improve my
observation skills
I will try to adopt new things.
This skill will help me in
learning new things and will
also make sure that I am also
enhancing my observation
skills. Being a leader it is one
of the most important skill to
observe others and make
decision accordingly.
In my collage By March
2022

CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that leadership styles must be chosen carefully and
according to the management of the company so that the leadership style can suit the
organisation. The leadership style can also be chosen according to the behaviour of the employee
so that the company does not have to face any resistance in the management.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Azorín, C., Harris, A. and Jones, M., 2020. Taking a distributed perspective on leading
professional learning networks. School Leadership & Management, 40(2-3), pp.111-
127.
David, L.G., 2018. Relational leadership in education: A phenomenon of inquiry and practice.
Routledge.
Giddens, J., 2018. Transformational leadership: What every nursing dean should know. Journal
of Professional Nursing, 34(2), pp.117-121.
Liu, Y. and Werblow, J., 2019. The operation of distributed leadership and the relationship with
organizational commitment and job satisfaction of principals and teachers: A multi-level
model and meta-analysis using the 2013 TALIS data. International Journal of
Educational Research, 96, pp.41-55.
Rofuth, T.W. and Piepenbring, J., 2019. Management and Leadership in Social Work: A
Competency-Based Approach. Springer Publishing Company.
Schell, W.J., 2019. Leadership and change management. In Traffic Safety Culture. Emerald
Publishing Limited.
Suhonen, R., Stolt, M. and Charalambous, A., 2019. Supporting individualised nursing care by
leadership. In Individualized Care (pp. 195-205). Springer, Cham.
Online
The six leadership styles, 2013. [online]. Available through
<https://agilevietnam.com/2013/01/11/the-six-leadership-styles/>
Modern approaches to leadership, 2016 [online]. Available through
<https://www.iedc.si/blog/single-blog-post/iedc-ideas/2016/04/08/modern-approaches-
to-leadership>