Comprehensive Report: Leadership, Management Theories, and Practices

This report provides an overview of leadership and management principles, focusing on the roles and characteristics of leaders versus managers. It examines various leadership styles, including transformational, transactional, and action-centered leadership, and discusses the importance of both hard and soft skills in management. The report also explores management theories, such as Management by Objectives (MBO) and Classical Management Theory. The content includes an analysis of how these concepts apply to real-world scenarios, like ASDA. The report concludes by emphasizing the significance of operations management in achieving organizational goals by reducing waste and improving efficiency. The report also provides references to support the findings and insights presented.

Management and Operations

Introduction
 Operations Management refers to a study of various business practices
so that required information will be gathered about the working
behaviour of staff members in order to attain goals, task and objectives
in an effective manner.

Roles and characteristics of leader v/s manager
 Manager refers to an individual person which is associated with the
task and responsibility of the company. These are the people who have
to manage groups as well as individuals.
 A leader defines as the person who mainly work to motivate and
encourage team members on a regular basis so that there performance
will be increased.

Leader develop vision as well as managers
create goals
 Leaders are the one who stipulate team roles effectively in such manner
so that peoples feel motivated in the performance of business functions.
In context of ASDA, leaders provide guidance to the employees in
order to increase their overall performance.

Leaders are unique but manager imitates
 Leaders are the individuals who provide innovative as well as creative
ideas in order to attain organisational goals and objectives. But on the
other hand managers copy and imitates the ideas and thoughts of other
business organisation in order to perform their business functions.

Functions of a manager according to Fayol
 Managers within an organisation performs ample number of activities
and functions so that they can attain their goals and objectives
effectively. Within ASDA, managers of the company have majorly
functions which are developed by Fayol.

Leadership Theories
 Transformational leadership: According to this leadership style, it is
the role of a leader that they motivate, encourage and inspires staff
members so that they can perform their business functions in an
effective manner.
 Transactional leadership style: Transactional leaders refers to the
leaders who provide values to the structure & orders within the
organisation.
 Action-centred leadership: It refers to a model includes 3 main

Hard Skills v/s Soft skills
Hard management skills Soft leadership skills
It generally consist of some specific
skills which are very essential by an
individual in order to get success for
a particular job role.
It has been said that there are
different type of soft leadership
skills needed by a leader so that they
can perform their business functions
in an effective manner.

Management Theories
 Management by objectives (MBO): It is a strategic management model
used by large number of organisation which have the aim of increasing
performance and productivity by stating organisational goals and
objectives.
 Classical Management Theory: According to this management theory,
it has been identified that employees have physical as well as economic
needs.

Conclusion
 With the help of above mentioned report it has been analysed that
operation management is a procedure which is highly linked with
accomplishing goals and objectives of the company in an appropriate
manner by reducing wastage and scrap.

References
 Caniani and. et. al., 2015. Towards a new decision support system for
design, management and operation of wastewater treatment plants for
the reduction of greenhouse gases emission. Water.7(10). pp.5599-
5616.
 Hugos, M. H., 2018. Essentials of supply chain management. John
Wiley & Sons.