Leadership and Management: An Analysis of Theories and Practices

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Leadership and Management

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Leadership and managemnet...........................................................................................................1
Assessment 1...................................................................................................................................1
1. What is involved in being a successful leader?.......................................................................1
2. Can good leadership be developed, and if so, how?................................................................6
3.What distinguishes leadership from management?..................................................................8
4.What have you learnt about leadership from your own experiences, on this course and
elsewhere?..................................................................................................................................11
Assessment 2.................................................................................................................................13
Personal reflections........................................................................................................................13
References......................................................................................................................................21

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Big five personality model...............................................................................................2
Figure 2: Katz model.......................................................................................................................3
Figure 3: Situational leadership.......................................................................................................4
Figure 4: Leader and Manager.......................................................................................................10

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Differences between leadership and management............................................................8

Assessment 1
1. What is involved in being a successful leader?
The leadership is an individual behaviour in which they are directing the group activities for
achieving the business goals and objectives. The leader is those who set a path for influencing
the persons to adhere to those paths. To be a successful leader, the leadership characteristics,
traits and skills play a vital role to become them successful in the organization. The effective
leadership approach and styles also play an important role in achieving success in the
organization (Bailey, 2019).
Leadership traits
There are several traits or personality in which leadership is assessed or measured. Big five
personality model it is identified that in this model there are five kinds of the personalities and
each individual is fall in one of such types:
Openness: It flashes the intellectual curiosity level, preference and creativity for the variety and
novelty in a person. Also, it elaborated because of the scope of the business in which the
individuals is independent or imaginative and also portrays the personal preferences to several
varieties of activities over the scheduled routine. It is also basically extent for which the
individuals is an original and has the immense interest.
Conscientiousness: This is a tendency to being steady, standardized, self-disciplined, prioritizing
planned and also focusing on achieving the goals instead of spontaneous behavior. This is level
for which the person is honest, cautious and careful (Wahl and Czernin, 2019).
Extraversion: The positive emotions, sociability, emotions, tendency, energy to explore the
stimulation in an organization with the others and the talkativeness is an extraversion. The
experiencing of the positive emotional and the feeling of the goods is one of the extraversion.
Agreeableness: It is a tendency to being the cooperative and compassionate instead of
antagonistic and suspicious towards others. Also, this is a method which is used for measuring
the trust and is o helping nature and helps in identifying either the person is of bad temper or not.
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It also distinguishes the leadership compassionate or friendliness along with detached or
analytical nature.
Emotional Stability: This contradicts the leader’s nervous or sensitive nature with the confident
or secure one (Higgs and Dulewicz, 2016). To being the bias of experiencing is the unpleasant
emotions like anxiety, anger, vulnerability, depression and negativity of the leaders.
Figure 1: Big five personality model
(Source: www.psychologistworld.com, 2019)
Leadership skills
The leaders act in the line which involves how they will earn rights, speak because they are
responsible for achieving the organizational success. The strong leadership skills require clear
and good communication skills. Katz model, the successful leaders although should have the
good skills of concepts that are an ability for visualizing the whole organization performances
and interdependency. The effective leaders also need a higher level of strategic skills, cognitive,
interpersonal and business skills.
The effective connection among the leader’s skills, performances and his knowledge are
important for resolving the leadership problems of the organization in directing and inspiring the
subordinates of the organization which is the key implementation for the organizational leaders
(Day et al., 2016).
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Figure 2: Katz model
(Source: managementmania.com, 2019)
Leadership styles
There are two effective types of leadership that are the democratic or participative style which
the organization uses that presents the balance among the delegating and autocratic leadership
styles which work well in an organization for desiring an innovation. Managerial grid styles,
Jane Mouton and Robert Blake have created the framework that combines the concern for the
accomplishment of the task and also a concern for the people known as Managerial Grid. Both of
them assumed that the concern for the people and production produce the more effective styles
of the leadership.
In this styles, the leaders are concerned about the meeting the schedule in order to effectively
done the work on time and is concerned simultaneously about feeling and interest of team
members. It is also popular for managers. This is used extensively by an organization which is
the part of training programmes for assessing the leadership styles. A factor considered for
determining the styles of leadership to interact in a difficult way that resulted in several styles of
leadership (Glatthorn et al., 2018).
Situational approach
To assess the effectiveness in the leadership, there are several factors which are combined in this
approach. The situational leadership model is considered into three variables that are the
emotional support is given form the leaders, the level of the maturity is exhibited for performing
a task on time and the direction and guidance to the individuals is also provided by leaders
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(Bolman and Deal, 2017). The four styles of the potential leaders are created to using of the
combination from the above-mentioned factors.
The first stage is the telling stage in which the leader gives the instructions to the individuals and
supervises the performances closely. The second stage is the stage of selling in which the leaders
of the organization is provided and decide the opportunities for the explanations. It is suitable for
those followers which are not able but they are willing. The third stage is the participating stage
in which the leaders share the ideas to make the appropriate decisions which are suitable for the
organization. The last stage is the delegating stage in which the responsibilities of the leaders are
handed over for the performances and decisions. It is appropriated for the groups (Graham,
2017).
Figure 3: Situational leadership
(Source: slideshare.net)
Transformational leadership
This theory is effectively and efficiently motives the organization team members through using
of the command chain which ensures that job is done. The transformational leaders imagine the
organization big picture and come with an innovative idea which helps the organization to move
their level to the next. This theory is linked often to the charismatic leadership which imposes
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that the leaders along with the different qualities like extroversion, stated values and confidences
are effective in motivating the individuals (Miner, 2015). This theory describes typically that
how will the leaders develop, implement and initiate the several necessary changes in the
organization.
This theory is comprised of the four leadership behaviour which is: Firstly is an idealized
behaviour in which the leaders of the organization act in several ways which are consistent with
its values, beliefs and goals that are followed by the commitment and also treat the individuals in
a proper manner. Secondly is the inspirational motivation in which the leaders communicate the
vision effectively for the organizational future achievements and also convey that how will the
team and individuals work is connected to the set vision. Thirdly is the intellectual stimulation in
which the leaders is able to create a suitable working environment for which the followers feel
comfortable and safe to think creatively and gives an innovative idea. Finally, individualized
consideration is there in which the leaders effectively helps an individual’s to design the
customized strategies and determine the goals for the personal development which helps the
organization to make certain improvements for achieving the set goals.
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2. Can good leadership be developed, and if so, how?
The leadership skills play a vital role in organizational growth and development. The good
leadership skills require the soft skills, clear communication skills which lead in the success.
However, the leadership is considered as an essential trait which can help you in achieving the
top position in your career. I can develop the leadership at the workplace by encouraging the
employees towards task accomplishment (Tetlock, 2017). I will act as the mentor and provides
them opportunities for the effective organizational growth and development. For example, Mark
and Spencer's leaders provide the opportunities to their employees to take the part and give their
suggestions in the decision-making process in comparative to Aldi leaders because they do not
provide opportunities to the employees to take part in the process of decision making. I can
develop good leadership by maintaining the feedbacks and lead the employees with various
examples.
The leadership is developed through strengthening a connection in between and in an alignment
of an individual’s efforts and system by which organizational operations can be effectively
influences. Some leadership are failing and achieving success in their life and it depends on the
uses of the several theories and models in the organization (Ward, 2016). The main truth behind
the successful leaders is that there is no combination in their characteristics which make them as
the successful leaders and different from others.
For examples, good leadership is developed by using the situational theories in the context of the
organization because the situation put influence in the good leadership. In this theory, the
realization is mainly that there are no correct leaders which lead to the theories but the best styles
of the leadership are particularly dependent on a situation such as marginal grid styles is the
effective suitable leadership styles that help in determining the leadership skills and qualities. For
example, if the quick decision is needed to make in an organization than the big five personality
model is suited most for achieving the success in an organization and helps in making the
effective and quick decisions in an organization (Pardey, 2016).
The transformational leadership is also suited most in developing the good leadership which
shows the integrity and helps in developing the robust as well as also inspiring for the future
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vision. This style develops the leadership by motivating them for achieving the success and also
manages the delivery time and also builds the stronger and successful team. Also Katz model
uses appropriately in the organization helps in developing the effectiveness and successful
leadership (Shapiro and Stefkovich, 2016).
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3.What distinguishes leadership from management?
Management: The management directs or control the resources or people in the group as per
based on the values or principles which they have established. The management is the set of the
principles which is relating to a function of directing, planning, controlling and organising and
these principles applications in harnessing the financial, informational resources, physical
effectively and efficiently for achieving the goals and objectives of an organization. The
management is the discipline for managing the things in an effective manner. This is a skill or art
of getting work done by others (Rosenbach, 2018). Also, it is found in every field like
hospitality, offices, sports, education etc.
Leadership: The leadership is the setting of the new vision or direction for the group which they
are following that is the leader is a spreadhead of that direction. The leadership in both wither
practical skill and research area encompasses an organization or individual ability to guide or
lead the other teams, individuals or the entire organization. The leadership is the quality for
influencing the people to achieve the organizational objectives and aims enthusiastically and
willingly. This is not as exact as the management because the leadership is the main elements of
the management.
The major difference between the management and leadership is that management is only for an
organized and formal group of the peoples whereas the leadership is for both informal and
formal group.
Table 1: Differences between leadership and management
Comparison basis Leadership Management
Basis The leadership requires the
trusts of the individuals on his
leaders.
The management needed to
control the managers of its
subordinates.
Focus on The leadership brings the
changes in an organization
While the management brings
the stability in an
organization.
Perspective The leadership requires the While the management has the
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