Leadership and Management Skills Assessment and Analysis Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of leadership and management skills, focusing on their application within the context of Tesco, a multinational grocery company. The report begins with an executive summary and introduction, outlining the purpose of the analysis and providing background information on Tesco. It then delves into a comparative analysis of leadership and management styles, exploring theories such as transformational and transactional leadership, charismatic leadership, scientific management, and behavioral management. The report further examines key performance metrics relevant to organizational success, including revenue growth, income sources, profitability, and working capital. Finally, the report evaluates organizational leadership and management performance using models such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, and Expectancy Theory. The conclusion summarizes the key findings, and a reference list supports the analysis. This report provides valuable insights into effective leadership and management practices, offering a thorough examination of their impact on organizational performance.

Developing Leadership and
Management Skills

Executive Summary
Developing leadership and management skills are the which are very important for any of
the organisation that can help to get and achieve all the business operations with effective
manner. In this, there is analysis and evaluation of leadership and management which are able to
understand the leadership skills and management skills for better outcomes. There is also
discussion about different key performance metrics of organisational sector which are there to
help understanding about the way which are performing right or not. There is also some of the
discussion about organisational leadership and management performance.

Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Analysis and comparison of leadership and management......................................................4
Key performance metrics of organisational...........................................................................6
Organisational leadership and management performance......................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management skills is the one which is used to perform series of task
which is there for an organisation. Management skill refers to the skill which are there able to
provide better understanding and to performance each and every operational in better manner in
relation to provide better and continue business operation. There are different skills which are
highly required by leaders and mangers in relation to get better and effective output for business.
In order to understand the management and leadership skills development there is chosen
organisation is Tesco which is a multinational grocery company and have large number of
customer base. In this report there is discussion about evaluation of leadership and management
within an organisation for its performance. There is discussion about comparison of leadership
and management, key performance matrices of organisation and the performance of leadership
and management performance (Smith, 2019).
Here chosen company is Tesco, which is a multinational groceries and general
merchandise having headquarter in Welwyn Garden City, England. Tesco was founded in year
1919 by Jack Cohen. This is one of the third largest company in this sector in relation to gross
revenue. This one is ninth largest company which are there in relation of revenue. This one have
much different shops within many country and due to this, there are different customer base
which are there for this company. Tesco is the one which like to provide different products at
same place with variety of range. This helps to attract large and variety of customer base which
are there able to provide better outcome and high benefit with high customer retention company.
This company is able to provide variety of products which are there able to provide better quality
of product with less price which leads to attract large customer base.
Analysis and comparison of leadership and management
It is difficult to analyse the leadership and management which are there able to provide
better understanding about the comparison and management that can have better understanding
in context to an organisation. In relation to this, there is need to understand the theory and
different model which can help to understand the difference in leadership and management.
In relation to this, there are different leadership and management models are there which are
going to be discussed further (Gordon, 2017).
Transformational and transactional leadership

Transactional leadership is the one which is primarily based on process along with
control which required strict management structure. In this, Tesco leader need to control each
and every processes which are there for every operation of business to get better regulation of
business and for better performance. In this, leader of Tesco must focus on goals, they are the
one which is generally use to get better use of this. This is the one which is able to provide and
motivate their employee in such a manner that they can give their best performance to an
organisation which can be there by different rewards and punishment according to their
performance.
Transformational leadership refers to the one in which there is need to focus on inspiring
others to follow in relation to get better requirement of high degree of coordination, cooperation
and communication. In context to Tesco, there are many of the operation which requires high
level of coordination which are there in the company to do in better and effective manner. Tesco
leaders are the one who focuses on vision of organisation which is there needed to be completed.
In this, leader of Tesco use the charisma and enthusiasm which is there to motivate their
employee for their high performance (Traynor, 2019).
Scientific management theory
This is the theory which is able to provide the analysis of work flow in relation to
improve the efficiency and the labour productivity. This is the one in which there are different
tasks which are performed by different and daily activities that can help to get better and efficient
improvement in the performance of employees. These are the one which is repetitive in nature
and have the analysis of performance of workers which are there able to get better in daily basis.
This is the one which highly required the concentration in relation to finish work and activity in
effective and better manner. There are some of the major principles of scientific management
which are discussed further.
 In this there is need to separate planning to perform each task. In relation to Tesco, this
one can be highly effective in nature in relation to get better and effective response for
each and every operation (Roig Jornet, 2018).
 There is need to understand time, motion along with fatigue of each and every employee
in relation to get better and fair amount of task or work which is there need to done by
each and every individual. Tesco management should use this, in relation to perform and

any task there is need to evaluate and analysis the time, motion and fatigue that can lead
to provide better performance on any operation.
 Proper scientific selection along training of employee should done. In context to Tesco
management there is need to evaluate and analyse that when there is need for training that
can lead to better performance of worker and employees (Choudhary, 2018).
 Need to provide better and financial incentives in relation to motivate to boost
productivity. This is the one which is applied by the company Tesco to motivate and to
boost their employee that can help to increase the performance of their employee and
their productivity.
Charismatic leadership
This is the theory which is focused on leader. This have the ability to influence and
communicate in their own skin. This is the process which have the powerful personality and
having excellent communication skills which is there in relation to engaged during crises. Leader
who like to use charismatic leadership are able to have some clear vision which is regarding
business and able to address large audience by their convincing speech. These are the one which
is there able to rely on skill set in relation for high performance of employees. This type of leader
are highly required to get better and effective leaders to increase Tesco business and to perform
different task (Bellibas, 2017).
Behavioural management
This is the theory in there is need to understand workers and needed to treat their
employee as an important assets in relation to achiever the goals. In relation to Tesco, there is
need to get understand the behaviour of employee which should be by managers which are there
to get better and effective productivity. Tesco managers need to understand the behaviour of
their employees in relation to get better motivate them and to find out conflict and the
expectation to improve productivity of company.
Key performance metrics of organisational
This is the one in which there to get ensure about the business is going on right way or
not. This includes 5 different financial KPIs which is there to inform business strategy.
Revenue growth- In relation to get the information regarding sales growth, there are
different basic barometer of success which includes track sales that is from one period to next.
Second one is to subtract previous years revenue from current revenue. Third one is to divide

number by last period revenue. Tesco is the one which follows such process in relation to
calculate revenue growth (Wagimin, 2019).
Income sources- there is need to evaluate the revenue per client which is there able to get
different sources which are there for Tesco. In this there is need to determine the profitable
customer along with segments. There is also need to take such decision which can help to make
informed decision that can help to grow business.
Revenue concentration- in this, there is need to focus on the revenue concentration
which are there need to be get change in the sources which are continuously providing high
revenue. In this, Tesco need to concentrate on focus on different client due to not getting any loss
or high difficulty due to loss of those customer who provide high revenue to business.
Profitability over time- This is the one in which Tesco need to checkout their expenses
which can help to find out the way to reduce them and to earn high profit over a time period.
This can help to take decision which can help to get better and effective profit which are there for
business (Sihombing, 2020).
Working capital- This is the money which can be generally get from different sources
which are like family, friends, bank and many more. In this, Tesco need to find out the way to
get better financial capital for working which is for better to get high profitability.
Organisational leadership and management performance
To evaluate the performance of leadership and management there is need to follow some
of the models in relation to get better and effective outcomes. There are some of the models
which are going to be discussed further.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
This is the motivational theory that is to motive the employee who are there in the
organisation. In this there is discussion about five model of humans needs which are going to be
discussed further.
Physiological need- This is the one which is regarding to fulfil the basis need of human
being that is food, water, shelter etc. Tesco should provide these basis needs to employee in
relation to live and to retain their employee in business.
Safety needs- This is the one which is there after fulfilling of basis need of human which
is regarding their safety. This is the one which is highly need to get security and safety which are
there to motive employees to perform well in company (Jabbar, 2017).

Belongingness and love needs- This is the one in which there is need to get satisfy to
their employee which is there regarding personal life which should be fulfil with getting social.
Tesco should encourage their employees to get better relationship and friends that can help to get
better mental health and lead to better performance at workplace.
Esteem needs- This is the stage in which after getting all above discussed need, there is
need to get prestige and feeling of accomplishment which is able to motivate the employee to get
better and effective work in organisation. Here, Tesco should feel prestige to work with this
company in relation to get better performance.
Self-actualization- This is the one in which personal got each and every accomplishment
which is needed for a person. In this, there is getting of each and every accomplishment which
are there in Tesco to achieve all and to get motivated.
Herzberg's Two factor theory
This is the one which leverage helps to get best performance form team. There are two
factors motivators and hygiene factors.
Motivators factor- This helps employee of Tesco to get motivated and to work harder at
workplace with job satisfaction.
Hygiene factor- Absence of this factor leads to work less harder to employees which
decreases the job satisfaction (Sapeciay, 2017).
Expectancy theory
This one refers to the mental processes which are there regarding choice or choosing. It is
able to explain the choices which are there able to make choices in relation to motivate
employees. This have three components that are expectancy, instrumentality along with valence.
Expectancy- This helps employees to get boost their self-confidence which is regarding
to work to achieve the goal. There are some of the factors which are associated are like goal
difficulty, competence and control.
Instrumentality- This related to receive the desired outcome which are there on the basis
of belief and that can come in form of promotion, pay increase and recognition or
accomplishment sense. Tesco is the one which uses this theory in their workplace and provides
reward to their employee when they achiever the performance level which are set.
Valence- In this, Tesco employee get motivated which is due to desirable outcomes
which are associated with needs, values, preferences, goals along with source of motivation.

Leadership style
These are the classification which are there regarding behaviour of person while leading
any group. There are three leadership style which are there able to measure turnover rate of
employees, costs, market share, growth, profit, quality, job performance etc. (Bourne, 2018).
Authoritarian leadership- This is the one which provides clear instruction about the goal
and the what needs to done, when and how. This is focused on command of leader and control of
followers. This can be there in some operation of business of Tesco. In this, there can seen that
decision making is less creative.
Participative leadership- This is most effective leadership style which is there associated
and involve in different decision which motivate employee and encourage them to get better and
show high work performance to their workplace. This is highly effective for Tesco which
required to perform for better productivity and profitability of company (Tyagi, 2018).
Delegative leadership- Also known as Laissez-Faire leadership. This is less effective in
nature and in this, there is decision making totally depends on the group. Tesco don't have this
type of leadership style.
Situational leadership
This is the one which says that there is no any leadership that is all above. In relation tot
this, there is situational leadership which is there some leadership style for each and every
situation. In this, there is use of different types of leadership style which are like directing,
coaching, supporting and delegating (Podgórska, 2019).
CONCLUSION
From above discussion, it can be concluded that, there are different actions and role of
leadership and management which needs to be there in relation to better and effective
performance of company. There are use of different leadership model and styles are used in
relation to get better and effective business. In this, report there is discussion about analysis and
comparison of leadership and management which are there in the various operation of company.
In this, there is also discussion about key performance metrics of organisation sector in which
there is discussion about employee turnover, quality, growth and profit with market share. There
is also discussion about different leadership and management performance which are able to help
company to get better and effective business for better productivity or firm along with
profitability for this, there is discussion about Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Hertzberg's two

factor theory and many more which can help to get the difference and to analyse the leadership
and management in any company.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bellibas, 2017. Multilevel analysis of the relationship between principals’ perceived practices of
instructional leadership and teachers’ self-efficacy perceptions. Journal of Educational
Administration.
Bourne, 2018. Performance measurement and management: a system of systems perspective.
International Journal of Production Research, 56(8), pp.2788-2799.
Choudhary, 2018. ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN QUALITY EDUCATION IN PUBLIC AND
PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY.
GYANODAYA: The Journal of Progressive Education, 11(1).
Gordon, 2017. The role of volunteer organizations in leadership skill development. Journal of
Management Development.
Jabbar, 2017. The role of leadership in strategic management. International Journal of Research-
Granthaalayah, 5(5), pp.99-106.
Podgórska, 2019. Analysis of project managers’ leadership competencies. International Journal
of Managing Projects in Business.
Roig Jornet, 2018. The effectiveness of an initial continuing education course in leadership for
dentists. European Journal of Dental Education, 22(2), pp.128-141.
Sapeciay, 2017. Building organisational resilience for the construction industry. International
Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment.
Sihombing, 2020. The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Work Discipline, and Satisdaction
on Lecturers’ Performance at the Tarbiyah and Teaching Faculty of UIN Antasari
Banjarmasin. Journal of K6 Education and Management, 3(2), pp.100-108.
Smith, 2019. Developing a program community of practice for leadership development. Journal
of Management Education, 43(1), pp.62-88.
Traynor, 2019. Use of a modified Delphi process to define the leadership characteristics
expected of pharmacy faculty members. American journal of pharmaceutical education,
83(7).
Tyagi, 2018. Impact of structural empowerment on organisational performance:'empowerment-
HR'interface. International Journal of Intelligent Enterprise, 5(4), pp.365-384.
Wagimin, 2019. The Effect of Leadership on Employee Performance with Total Quality
Management (TQM) as a Mediating Variable in Indonesian Petroleum Companies: A
Case Study. International Journal of Integrated Engineering, 11(5), pp.180-188.