Leadership and Management: A Starbucks Operations Analysis Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of leadership and management roles, functions, and characteristics, using Starbucks as a case study. It defines and compares the roles of leaders and managers, highlighting their differences and similarities, and examines how they apply in various operational situations, such as new product launches and conflict management. The report delves into leadership theories, including situational leadership, and explores different approaches to operational management, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses. Furthermore, it explains the importance of operations management, assesses how leaders and managers can improve efficiency, and analyzes the factors of the business environment that influence operational management and decision-making. The report concludes with a discussion on how these factors impact the business environment and wider community.

Operations and
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY .................................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Define and compare different role and characteristics of a leader and a manager.....................1
Analyse the difference between the role of leaders and manager with appropriate theories and
concept........................................................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
Examine how role of leaders and the function of mangers apply in different situations............5
Determine different theories and models of approach................................................................6
Analyse the strengths and weakness of different approaches to situation.................................7
Examine different key approaches to operational management and the role that leaders and
managers play.............................................................................................................................7
Explain the importance and value of operations management....................................................8
Evaluate how leaders and mangers can improve efficiency of operational management.........10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
Analyse factors of business environment that influence operational management and decision
making ......................................................................................................................................10
Analyse that how different factors impact business environment and wider community........11
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Operations management refers to a area of management that is associated with designing and
controlling the process of production. This is concerned with transforming raw material and
labour into goods and services effectively in order to maximize the profit of an organisation.
Operational management teams is responsible for balancing cost with revenue to achieve highest
net operating profit as possible (Barnes, 2018)). This has been evaluate the use of raw material
while ensuring minimum waste and optimize business for particular outcomes through changes
at a operational level. It is primarily concerns with panning, organising and controlling the
production process in terms of meeting customer satisfaction and to reduce the cost of an
organisation. This report if based on Starbucks corporation which is American based
multinational chain of coffee house and roastery reserves with headquarter in Seattle,
Washington. The below report includes different role of leaders and functions of manager,
analysis of role of leaders and mangers in operations functions of organisation. Moreover,
relationship between management and leadership in a contemporary business environment.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
Define and compare different role and characteristics of a leader and a manager.
Management refers to the process of getting people together for the accomplishment of
organisational goals and objectives through utilizing resources in effective and efficient manner
(Wei, and Akinci, 2019). Manger in business make sure that all things in organisation has been
manages in best way and supervise employees so that performance can be increased. Moreover,
leaders helps in motivating and guiding employees so that goals and objectives can be achieved
in effective way and activities are been performed smoothly. There is some differences between
leaders and mangers which are discussed below:
Basis Leader Manager
Meaning A leader is a individual who has a
ability to influence, guide and direct a
group of people to achieve a common
A manager is s person which ensures that
everything in organisation has to be
organised well and responsible for

goal. planning, directing, co-ordination and
controlling.
Approach Leaders set direction for the employees
so that they can accomplish the goals in
proper manner.
Manager plans the details about what is
to be done and when.
Focus Leader has a focus on people and on
their efficiency.
Manager focus on process and procedures
of operation within the firm.
Role of leader
Team player: Leaders in the organisation never remain same, they should act like a
teammate also. Along with this, have to give chance to another group members so that they can
take responsibility of performing role of leader and enhance interpersonal skills (Slack, 2018).
In the perspective of Starbucks their leaders never remain same and also provides chanced to
others members for performing the responsibility of leader.
Inspire and motivate: Leader in the organisation influence, guide and direct the
employees with the use of effective communication and motivational techniques so that
performance and productivity of business can be increased. In relation to Starbucks company,
they always focus on inspiring and motivating employee so that retention can be encouraged and
desired goals can be achieved in proper manner.
Adair's model: there are various components of adair's leadership model which has been utilised
in the organisations and work well while supporting each other. This model has been facilitates
8 which has been discussed:
planning: leaders has been engaged in organisation and initiated through planning and
preparation of beforehand. In which special attention has to be on timescale.
defining the task: this is the role in which leader has been share vision with team mates along
with this set smart gaols and objectives.
Briefing: there should be a constant briefing by the leaders to team in order to keep them on
track while enhancing motivation and teamwork.
Controlling: in order to get better results, the leader have to develop good monitoring and
control structure which has been help in ensures better and desirable outcomes.

Evaluating: this is the most basic role which a leader need to play at every stage of the process
in which leaders has evaluate performance of team and individual through which better results
can be obtained.
Motivating: for getting best potential performance from employees it is necessary for leader to
keep team motivated from which productivity get enhanced(Lee, 2018)
setting example: leaders must lead a team or its employees through setting an examples which
help in to inspire and influence to employees so that they can give their best.
Organizing: effective leaders has been undertake all the activities in a organised manner,
moreover with this they have also organised them selves and team to achieve task in systematic
manner.
Role of manager
Planning: This is the most basic role of manger, they are responsible for making a plan
about what is to be done, when is to be done and how is to be done. On the basis of these steps
employee execute the plan into action so that objectives can be achieved in order to increase
profit.
Organising: manager has consist of the organizing skills which provides support in to
run company and its operations smoothly and in effective manner. This is important to establish
internal processes and structures in order to understand that which employee and team is suited
for bets for specific task.
Directing: This is the interpersonal aspect of organisation which directly deal in
influencing, guiding, supervision and motivation for the achievement of goals.
Controlling: manager has been played a role in organisation it which managers
constantly monitor employees performance, quality of work and efficiency and reliability of
completed project. In order to ensures that all function are working towards the success of
organisation.
Monitoring: The mangers seeks and receives the information about the internal and
external events so as to get the better understanding about organisation and its environment.
With the help of this, manager monitor the performance and ensures the area that is need to be
improved.

Dissemination: Mangers gather the information from various sources and disseminates to
subordinated, peers and superiors so that they can work accordingly. With the help of this
management is able to get positive and effective outcomes.
Characteristic of leader
Ability to delegate: Delegation is one of the core responsibility of leader but it is
necessary to delegate effectively (Choi, Wallace, and Wang, 2018) . In which leader facilitate
team work, provide autonomy and lead to better decision making. Along with this, leader build
trust with team in order to delegate well.
Reliability: Leader ensures that they are always be available for any question or concerns
in which team need help. This is crucial for the success and growth of employees as well as
organisation.
Characteristic of manager
 Managers focus on individual strength and according to that they assign duties and roles
so that performance can be enhanced. Along with this, they ensures that a strong
connection has to be formed between strength and business performance.
 Time management is one of the key of successful manager, they make sure that they have
for communication with employees and accomplish goal in a specified period of time.
Analyse the difference between the role of leaders and manager with appropriate theories and
concept
As per the above analysis that leader and manager in organisation play various different
roles and they are also different in various aspects. Such as leader provides direction and
supervision to teams and manager plan a detail that what is to be done and when. Moreover,
manager has been follows the system management which has been explains that business is
consist of various components that have to be work with harmony for the larger system through
which it can work effectively(Paton, and. et. al., 2020). Leader in organisation has take the
utilisation of participative theory in which they employees will directly involved in the decision
making process through which they fee valued and connected.

TASK 2
Examine how role of leaders and the function of mangers apply in different situations.
Mangers and leader are consist of various duties, roles, characteristics, functions and
skills which is unique and required in organisation like Starbucks. Under different situation
managers and leaders have to take various decision in unique manners that quality of output can
be gathered. Some of the situation and role of leader and managers are discussed below:
Situation 1: New product launch
Starbucks has been launching new along with innovative idea and creative techniques.
Main aim of Starbucks company behind launching new product is to enhance product portfolio
and maintains competitive position at a market place.
Role of leaders: Leaders of different teams has specific goals for their team members which has
to be accomplish for the success product launch(Magon, and. et. al., 2018). The major
responsibility here is to provide direction to the team and keep updated with the changes. Along
with this, leaders has keep employees motivated so that they can performed with their full
potential and make the comfortable with the changes. leaders in Starbucks ensures to develop
creative path to follow and to encourage employee engagement in working collectively.
Role of manager: There are major five function that manager while launching of new product,
that is planning, organisation, directing, monitoring and controlling (Hasle, Madsen, and Hansen,
2020). Manager in Starbucks will planning to launch arrangements and resources that will
required by workers. After this, manager will organise the all resources, duties and
responsibilities with production and execution of plan along with budget and schedule. After this
performance is monitored and evaluate the area that need to be improved for successful launch of
new offering.
Situation 2: Conflict management
Conflict is daily operations and the functioning of businesses, and large organisation like
Starbucks in which various situation is arises that need to be managed properly and resolve
immediately for the smooth functioning of operations and to maintain healthy environment.

Role of leader: In this leader play a role of negotiator in between the parties, the larder will
communicate with both the parties and bring peace and resolve problem in the entity through the
role of negotiator.
Role of manger: For resolving the problem manager make in-depth analysis of the conflicting
situation and find the reason behind problem. On the basis of which they monitored and control
the situation.
Determine different theories and models of approach
Leadership theories are defined as the explanation of how and why certain people
become leader. It has been focus on traits and behaviour that an individual adopts to increase
leadership capabilities. This has been play an important role for organisation specifically for
Starbucks as because they are performing operations at a global level. There are different
theories that includes role of managers and leaders are explained below as:
Situational leadership: This is refers to the style in which leader adapt the style of
leading which is most suitable for current situation, environment or work. It is not dependent on
the skills of the leader, rather this is based on the ability to adjust as per the situation within the
organisation as to be a effective leader (Gibson, P. and Parkman, R., 2018) Moreover, there are
different circumstances related to this leadership style as to solve the issues or problem in
minimum period of time. In relation to Starbucks, there leaders has been focused to work as per
the situation of organisation through employees are able improve their working style, because
situational leadership style provide direction to workers for performing task as per decided goals.
In order to obtain better results, leaders of Starbucks choose an appropriate style that is used to
resolve firm's issue which will be convenient to project. Such as in launching new product,
situational leadership style help in to select a effective method for promotion, distribution and
selling.
System leadership: It is defined as a set of skills and capabilities which any any
individual or organisation can take a use to support the process of change at a system level. This
combines collaborative leadership styles and system insights in order to take place of innovation
and action across a decentralised network of organisation (de Sousa Jabbour, and. et. al., 2019).
This has been utilised by Starbucks in order to implement new plans among all department of
organisation. System leadership style provide support in to increasing overall productivity and

performance through completing work as per deciding steps and methods. This has been leads to
improve working methods for organisation through managing time and procedure in a efficient
manner. Through this leader improve and enhance skill along with potential of employees in
performing Starbucks project in a organised and systematic manner.
Contingency leadership: This style of leadership has assumed that management
effectiveness is unpredictable or based on the interplay between management behaviours and
specific condition. It has been explained that the way leader has manage should change
depending upon the organisational circumstances. The basic assumption of this theory there is no
one best way to lead the organisation. There are many external and internal factors that may
influence the way to lead in specific situation. In relation to Starbucks company, there leaders
and managers are work as per the oriented style that helps in to react to situation in appropriate
way and in to motivates and inspire employees for completing their task in proper manner.
Analyse the strengths and weakness of different approaches to situation
From the above discussion it is analysed that there are various approach or theories which
has been utilise by leadership in order to identify that why they need to become leader. This is
associated with the traits and behaviour that is adopted by individual through which they have
increased their leadership capabilities(Perry, and. et. al., 2018). Situational leadership help in to
develop more comfortable style for employees, but this has been creates confusion within
organisation as situational leader keep change their approach in order satisfy individual's need.
Moreover system leadership theory help in to improve organisation's adaptability to
environmental changes so that functions could run smoothly, but this mat not always be practical
and leads to delays in decision making. Contingency approach to leadership help in to enhance
leadership skills and decision making power but this is complex in nature and situation becomes
hard for leaders to handle.
Examine different key approaches to operational management and the role that leaders and
managers play
Operations management is describe as the process which convert inputs into goods and
services that add value for the customers (Burns, 2018). There are different key approaches of
operations that as been supporting operations management and it results into making all

members perform roles according to the requirements and value of organisation, some of these
approaches are explained below:
Lean manufacturing: This is refers to the methodology which has been focuses on
minimizing waste in manufacturing process while maximizing productivity. In this waste can be
seen as anything that customer do not believe that it adds value and are not wiling to pay for. In
addition this, managers and leaders of Starbucks will organised training and development
programme in order to develop skills of workers in effective manner. This will provides support
to Starbucks company by reducing lead time, operating cost and improved product quality.
Six sigma: It is an methods that provides organisations tools in order to improve
capabilities of business processes. This will enhance overall performance and decrease in process
variations which help in to defect reduction and improvements in profits, employees morale
along with quality of products and services(Lee, and Tang, 2018). Manger in Starbucks use this
approach for eliminating defects and errors from the process of production so that quality can be
enhanced and cost will be reduced.
Total quality management: This is refers to the approach for long-term success through
providing optimum level of customer satisfaction. It is an continual process which has been
eliminating errors in production process, ensures smooth running of supply chain along with
improving customers experience. The standards set by total quality management reflect both
internal priorities as well as current industry standard. Manager at Starbucks set the quality
standards which is achieved by encouraging organisational value.
Explain the importance and value of operations management
Operations management is refers to the one of the most essential aspect that has been
provide support to organisation in improving overall performance and profitability in an
organisation. It is associated with various system and executions of techniques and methods for
improving company's proficiency (Sabbaghtorkan, Batta, and He, 2020). Effective operation
management helps in encouraging employee engagement along with this, defines roles and
responsibility in the organisation. it has be ensures that employees workflow and production
process of the company remain unaffected. Values and importance of operational management is
discussed below:
Importance:

Customers satisfaction: a customers review is very impotent for the business success,
this why it is important to ensures that customers need is to be fulfilled effectively. In Starbucks,
operation managers conduct a quality management process which is being utilised for creating
product and services as per the need and requirements of customers and ensures services quality
is best. Through this Starbucks will grab potential customers attention and provides optimum
satisfaction.
Evaluation of business activities: Operational management evaluate the business
activities and function which is essential for reducing wasteful aspects of operations such as raw
materials, financial resources and other important thing. This is also assisted in order identifying
customers needs and requirements.
Revenue increase: With the help of operations management, company is able to enhance
its quality of product and services along with customers satisfaction. This leads to increase new
customer base that results in high revenue. In relation to Starbucks, revenue growth will help in
to launch new or innovative product or services and could also increase in resources and
technology.
competitive advantage: An effective operations management plan within organisation
provides support in to be ahead of its competition. Internal and external factors are managed well
in Starbucks which reflects goods standing at a market place. This helps in maintaining goods
reputation and a strong competitive advantage.
Values:
Ability to increase productivity: Operational management is very valuable for the
management of Starbucks that has been enhancing ability of production process. As this concept
is associated with managing and monitoring manufacturing process while ensuring minimum
waste.
Better quality of goods and services: Operations management is also concern with
quality management of goods and services in order to providing higher satisfaction to customers.
Starbucks has been utilising TQM to provides quality within development process that will be
selling by organisation.
Operation management has been also add value to customer's living standard as this has
been associated with designing system that has been begin with product development through

which competition within market place has been enhanced in order attract and retain higher
customers base. With this process customer will get more product and services along with higher
quality. In order to maintain effective operations company has been initiated to induce more
advance technology into operations so that productive and effectiveness get encouraged which
provides better quality of products and services to customers which are cost effective also.
Moreover this effective operations add value to company and provides long term competitive
advantage.
Evaluate how leaders and mangers can improve efficiency of operational management
Operational management is define as the essential aspect or organisation which help in to
enhance productivity and profitability of the organisation through effectively managing overall
operations. In Starbucks has utilising various effective approaches in which manager and leader
play their different role and provides support in to improve efficiency of operational
management(Guha, and Kumar, 2018). Lean manufacturing is the methodology which has been
focusing on reduction of waste in manufacturing process while maximizing productivity in
which managers has been develop plan and provides detail of work and leader provides right
guidance and direction so that task can be done in timely basis while reducing waste.
TASK 4
Analyse factors of business environment that influence operational management and decision
making
Starbucks is utilising pestle analysis which is an framework used by companies in order
identify various opportunities and threats prevailing in macro environment. There are several
factors that have a direct impact over the company' performance and productivity. Pestle analysis
has been explained in detail below as:
Political factor: This is refers to decision and laws made by government and what degree
government step in the economy(Guha, and Kumar,2018). It includes political stability, foreign
trade policy, tax policy, labour law etc. whenever government policies changes has effect on
organisation's production level. Manager at Starbucks need to know about changes and conduct
research regarding policies, stability, trade and government support for organisation.

Economic factor: This factor has significant impact on organisation that how it does business
and how profitable they are. This factor includes economic growth, inflation rates, exchange rate,
interest rates, disposable income of consumers etc. managers and leaders of Starbucks have an
opportunities over building strategies regarding business growth. Along with this, company as to
deal with rising operational and labour cost with effective strategies.
Social factor: This is refers to the family, friends, colleagues and social circle that influence
individual buying behaviour which directly impact sale and revenue of the company. As this
involves shared belief and attitude of population(Lohmer, and Lasch, 2020). The consumers are
concerning about heath and green processes in which Starbucks has to aware about this trend that
can negatively impact the performance. In this manger and leaders has to make decision on the
basis of social demand.
Technological factor: Its is described as the all externally generated changes in technology and
process that organisation use. Starbucks is enjoying the benefits of emerging mobile wave, along
with this, introduction of e-commerce capabilities is going to help leaders and mangers to take
decision on basis of it.
Environmental factor: This includes food, water, light, pollutants and natural calamities which
directly influence human beings. This has become important because of increasing scarcity of
raw materials, pollutions targets and doing business with ethical and sustainability practices.
Starbucks company hold capacity and capability of introducing eco-friendly products through
which it can get benefits from government as per the standards such as subsidy.
Legal factor: This is refers to the laws and regulations made by the government for particular
industry. There is strict customs and trade regulations and trade regulations that have to be
followed properly. If they are not obeyed properly then legal issues can be faced by Starbucks.
that can influence company's reputation at a market place.
Analyse that how different factors impact business environment and wider community.
As per the above analysis it has been measure that macro environment is consist of the
various factors which ave direct impact over organisational productivity and profitability. These
factors are not under the control of business, but get affected by those factors. Changing in
government policy can impact company operations and economic environment provides various
opportunity to grow business with use of effective strategies(Slack, and Brandon-Jones, 2018).

Moreover technology changes provides opportunity to generate more revenue and in to attract
customer base but this require high cost in stipulated period as technology is changing rapidly.
Social factor is related to the social groups which influence individual living standard which has
direct impact on company's profitability and sales revenue.
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, it has been concluded that operational management is
concerned with the designing and controlling of production process while ensuring minimum
waste and cost. In addition to this, there are various role and function of leaders and manager that
support corporation in accomplishing desired goals and objectives. Furthermore there are various
theories and approached to leaders that has been explained and help organisation in effective
decision making for the better outcomes. There are various importance and value of operation
management that has been helping in meeting gaols and in getting longer sustainability.
Moreover, PESTLE analysis has been used to evaluate external factors that has direct impact
over decision making of leaders and managers.

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