Leadership and Management: Roles, Styles, and Objectives

This report delves into the critical concepts of leadership and management, focusing on their interconnectedness and impact on organizational success, using Tesco as a case study. It explores the roles of leaders, including providing vision and inspiring motivation, and contrasts them with the funct...Read More

Management and
operations

Table of Contents
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................1
Concept of leadership and management and their relationship .................................................1
Role of leaders and functions of managers different characteristics of management and
leadership....................................................................................................................................3
Different style of leadership........................................................................................................5
Management by objectives support towards growth and sustainable performance....................6
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

Executive Summary
Operation management is related with the process of converting raw material and labour
into finished goods and well services in order to create value for company. In this leadership and
management acts as most important function with the help of which successful fulfilment of
organisational goals and objectives is ensured. Report covers different types of roles,
responsibilities and characteristics of leaders and managers along with different leadership style.
Further Concept of MBO is being defined in this report.

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is mainly termed as a process in which study of business
practices is done as to fulfil goals, objectives and project of organisation in time effective manner
while considering need and demand of employees and customers (Balasubramaniam and et. al.,
2016). It basically involve conversion of raw material into finished products and well as services
and to develop value for organisation. Present report has been based on TESCO. Organisation
engage in the service of retailing sector and have its headquarter in England, UK. In this project
formative discussion has been made on leadership and management concept along with
relationship. In addition with this report cover roles of managers and leaders along with different
style of leadership. Further different approaches of management by objectives has been covered
in this report.
MAIN BODY
Concept of leadership and management and their relationship
Leadership:
It is a procedure within which an individual influence other person towards effective
accomplishment of organisational goals and objectives. In simple terms, it leadership is a process
where leader influences group of individuals towards common goal. Within TESCO leaders
effectively inspire workers towards teamwork and guide subordinates as to fulfil common goals
of company.
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Management:
Management is a continuous process in which allocation of input of an organisation is
done. In this process functions relating to planning, organising, directing and controlling is done
in order to fulfil pre-determined objectives of organisation as to further fulfil needs and demand
of customers while ensuring high organisational profitability.
Relationship between leadership and management
A leader can acts as a manager but it is bit hard for a manager to be a leader. As main
motive of a manager is to significantly increase organisational profitability with their managerial
performance (Penn and Pennix, 2017). On the other hand leaders always tend towards finding
new opportunities and satisfy workforce needs. It has been seen in most of the organisations that
employees are more loyal towards leaders rather than managers. Organisation provide formal
authorities to managers in order to manage people and other organisational functions. While on
the other hand, leaders are not mainly awarded with power. A successful organisation can not
accomplish their goals and objectives without string management and great leadership. Thus,
both functions have a common goals and further have a formative relationship among them
which is to significantly increase organisational profitability while satisfy needs of employees
and customers in best effective manner.
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Role of leaders and functions of managers different characteristics of management and
leadership
Both leaders and manager perform their roles and functions as to effectively fulfil
organisational goals and objectives (Punyateera and et. al., 2014). Mentioned below some certain
form of leaders and functions of managers is being defined below:
Role of leader
Provide a Vision: Leaders effectively perform the role in which they provide vision
towards organisation workforce . It is one of the most important role which is performed by
leader of TESCO. As they believe that when employees are effectively known with their vision
and goal. They are more focused towards towards it and understand that their contribution will
effectively drive organisation towards TESCO success.
Inspire and Motivate: A good leader inspire, guide and influence individuals towards
common goal . Within TESCO leaders with the use of best effective form of communication
along with numerous motivational techniques inspire and motive employees towards fulfilment
of organisational goal in best effective manner.
Function of Manager:
Planning: It is a crucial role which is performed by manager as to fulfil organisational
objectives. Within TESCO managers undertake decision as per according to requirement of plan.
In addition with this, they also ensure that all the functions is being operated according to
devised plan as to ensure full success.
Organising:In order to further initiate plan, this role is undertaken by managers. Within
TESCO managers effectively organise funds, recourse and other necessary elements as to further
conduct plan in well effectual manner in time effective manner.
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Figure :2 Henry Fayol’s Functions of Management
Commanding:In this function managers supervise that all activities are running as per
according to plan. In addition with this, they command all related individuals as comply with
pre-determined pattern and fulfil organisational objectives in well defined manner. Within
TESCO, managers with having formative set of communication with employees command them
to stay aligned with activities and objectives.
Control:
It is also most essential function within which manager control workforce, resources and
other necessary factors within organisation as to ensure that all functions in running according to
organisational objectives (Pundi and et. al., 2015). Within TESCO managers within different
techniques have proper control of organisational resources, task and functions as to fulfil goals
and objectives of company.
Coordinate: This is the most important and crucial responsibility of manager. As in this
they ensure that there is proper coordination between employees and procedures so to
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accomplish entity goals in well defined manner. Managers make sure that every department and
unit of organisation coordinating their roles as to gain maximum outcomes
Different characteristics of leadership
Good Communicator:
It is one of the most important characteristics of leadership, as in this TESCO leader
effectively hold the responsibility to communicate organisational vision, goals and mission to
employees as to ensure smooth work. With the help of good communication they effectively
resolve conflicts within workplace and create positive and healthy working environment.
Creativity and Innovation:
It has been determine that innovative and creative leaders are visionaries as they have big
ideas and further motivate employees in order to turn those big ideas into reality. Leaders within
TESCO with the help of their creativity and innovation foster high productivity and drives
organisation towards more profitability. In addition with this, it also allow leaders to develop
their own policies and overcome rigid structures in order to create more productive end
outcomes.
Different characteristics of management
Time Management:
It is one of the most important characteristics of a successful manager. It allow them to
prioritize their activities and functions and further communicate them with related individuals as
to accomplish them in time effective manner as to ensure organisation success.
Communication:
To be an effective manager communication play key essential role, as it allow managers
within TESCO to listen to the issues and problem of workforce and further provide them
resources and solution in order to increase their productivity while ensuring organisation
profitability.
Different style of leadership
Leadership is most essential function within an organisation as they develop plan in order
to execute strategics that are framed by managers. In TESCO leaders operate their role in best
effective manner and guide other individuals towards effective accomplishment of organisational
goals and objectives:
Situational theory of leadership:
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This form of leadership style states that, leaders undertake decision according to the
situations that takes place within workplace. Within TESCO leaders take use situational theory in
different situation such as conflict management, employee engagement and more. As with the
help of this theory leaders are allowed to set their own pattern as per according to current
situation and further guide individuals in best effective manner. With the help of this leaders
flexibly motivate and guide subordinates towards effective accomplishment of organisational
goals and objectives.
Systems leadership:
With the help of system leadership, Leaders are enabled towards creating a condition
within which they provide a environment in which all individuals of different levels perform
their operations in well effective manner. With system leadership Leaders within TESCO
effectively evaluate, understand and think about organisation. Thus, it further allow leaders to
effectively create productive environment that lead organisation and employees towards more
productivity and profitability.
Contingency approach of leadership:
It mainly consider leader personality along with the situation within which they operate
their functions. This approach states that leadership approach are not only based upon existing
situation but also on the ability to control situations. According to contingency approach of
leadership, leaders are required to undertake two distinguished form of leadership style that are
people and task oriented. Leaders within TESCO effectively communicate with employees
related to organisational goals and objectives. Further they set clear objectives in order to
effectively motivate and guide employees towards effective accomplishment of company goals
and desired objectives.
Management by objectives support towards growth and sustainable performance
Management by objectives is a comprehensive managerial system and a performance
management approach which formulate a balance in between organisational objectives and
objectives of employees. With the help of this approach TESCO can effectively able to manage
their objectives and employees in best effective manner. Mentioned below steps of MBO process
is being defined:
Define organizational goals:
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It is one of the most essential step within this process as in this managers are entitled to
frame organisational goals by analysing needs and demand of company as to gain successful
advancement in their profitability and productivity (Hugos, 2018). In this regard, TESCO
managers hold the key essential responsibility to develop organisation goal as as to further
initiate practises and functions.
Define employees objectives:
In this this step, manages within TESCO are required to ensure that employees are
effectively aware about framed objectives and strategies. In addition with this, they are hold the
responsibility to make sure that employees have all resources as to fulfil requirement of
objectives.
Continuous monitoring performance and progress:
Managers are responsible to effectively monitor that plan is initiating as per according to
plan. Within TESCO managers identify programmes by making comparison among performance
with already defined objectives. In addition with this they use zero based budgeting and
undertake effective controls and to monitor performance in best effective manner.
Performance evaluation:
In this manages within TESCO evaluate performance of employees and project and make
necessary decision as per according to need in order to ensure success of plan in best effective
manner.
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Providing feedback:
In this stage, TESCO managers provide continuous feedback on performance of
employees with the help of which they allow them to correct their actions within specified period
of time (Christopher, 2016). It further lead towards saving unnecessary cost and time and ensure
profitable end outcomes.
Performance appraisal:
With the help of regular review of employees performance, managers within TESCO
provide appraisal to employees as per according to their performance. It is a last stage of MBO
process that help in increasing performance and efficiency of employees and further ensure high
profitability of organisation as well as employees.
By undertaking all these steps managers within TESCO effectively contribute their
contribution towards organisation success . It further allow organisation to lead towards more
growth and sustainable performance. All these functions effectively allow manager to develop,
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Illustration 1: Process of MBO

control, guide and appraise performance of employees with the help of which best effective
accomplishment of organisation goals and objectives are ensure. It further ensure high
profitability and productivity in well defined manner.
CONCLUSION
As per the above mentioned report, it has been conclude that both leadership and
management play key essential role within operation management. As with the help of best
effective form of leadership and management organisation can increase their profitability and
productivity in best effective manner. In addition with this, it has been determined that there are
different types of roles, responsibilities and functions that are been played by leaders and
managers as to guide and motivate employees as to accomplish main motive of organisation.
Both leaders and managers effectively operate their operations and functions in best effective
manner as to ensure high profitability and productivity.
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REFERENCES
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U.S. Patent 8,700,757.
Hugos, M. H., 2018. Essentials of supply chain management. John Wiley & Sons.
Jacobs, F. R., Chase, R. B. and Lummus, R. R., 2014. Operations and supply chain management
(pp. 533-535). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
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Publishers.
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Advancement and International Business Machines Corp, 2016. Context-aware code
provisioning for mobile devices. U.S. Patent 9,418,367.
Penn, I. A. and Pennix, G. B., 2017. Records management handbook. Routledge.
Pundi, K. N., and et. al., 2015. 40-year follow-up after the Fontan operation: long-term outcomes
of 1,052 patients. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 66(15). pp.1700-
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Punyateera, J., and et. al., 2014, December. Study of service desk for NEdNet using incident
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