Analysis of Leadership, Management and Operations at Tesco - Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of leadership, management, and operations management within Tesco, a major UK-based supermarket chain operating globally. The report delves into the distinctions between the roles and functions of managers and leaders, examining their application in various situations, such as product launches and conflict management. It explores the practical application of situational, system, and contingency leadership theories, offering insights into how Tesco's leaders guide and motivate their workforce. Furthermore, the report investigates different approaches to operations management, emphasizing their importance in achieving business objectives and discussing the factors within the business environment that influence operational decision-making. The report aims to provide a clear understanding of how Tesco utilizes these principles to maintain efficiency and productivity within its operations.

UNIT 4

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1) Difference between role and functions of managers & leaders.............................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2) Discuss how roles of leaders and functions of managers are applied in different situations 5
P3) Apply system, situational and contingency theories and approaches of leadership..............8
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
P4) Approaches of operations management along with roles of managers and leaders............10
P5) Discuss importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives
....................................................................................................................................................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
P6) Discuss factors of business environment which affect operational management and
decision making of leaders & managers....................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Management is a business function that is concerned with managing different activities at
work place. It comprises different functions such as planning, organizing, directing and
controlling that is essential to attain desired objectives. On other side, operations management is
an essential activity which are concerned with higher productivity as well as efficiency. So,
management and operations is designed with the process of production and redesign business
operations (Cook and Billig, 2017). In the present report, TESCO is taken into consideration that
is a well know Supermarket Company based on UK. It deals in groceries and general items at
global level. It is currently working within 13 countries globally. In the present report, role of
managers as well as leaders have been included along with their functions within company.
Further, it comprises different approaches of leadership. In addition, it also includes techniques
of operations management that are helpful in improving overall efficiency as well as production.
Significance of operations management has been also included in the following report.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
P1) Difference between role and functions of managers & leaders
Functions of managers:
Managers are the key person of business who perform different roles and responsibilities for
betterment of organization. Different functions of managers are given as under:
Planning: It refers to prepare effective strategies as well as plans for growth of business.
It is analyzed that managers are required to prepare suitable strategies in order to meet with
future uncertainties. In regards of TESCO managers prepare appropriate plans so that they can
grab the opportunities of future success (Choi, 2019).
Organizing: Under this, managers organize several business functions effectively so that
they can attain predefined objectives. Here, managers of TESCO need to organize different
business activities, resources in an appropriate way for betterment of organization.

Staffing: It is monitored that human resources are crucial part of business as they
perform several roles and responsibilities for growth of company. In context of TESCO,
managers arrange necessary recruitment and selection programs so that they can perform
assigned task effectively (Leyer, 2016).
Directing: It refers to provide proper guidance, support to employees so that they can
work in an efficient manner. In direction, managers provide complete guidance to subordinates
in order to minimize future mistakes. To get work done in an appropriate way, it is vital to direct
work force in proper manner. Here, mangers need to coordinate with employees and motivate
them on regular basis so that they can perform assigned task effectively. In reference of TESCO,
managers provide guidance as well as motivation to work force on regular basis to attain desired
objectives.
Controlling: It is last but most crucial business function where managers keep proper
control over activities of employees. It is monitored that managers of TESCO compare actual
task with predefined standards so that they can take appropriate corrective actions (Chapman and
Ellinger, 2019).
Role of leaders:
It is monitored that leaders are essential part of company who guide, lead as well as
motivate individuals in an effective way. In this regards, role of leaders are given as under:
Developing vision: It is analyzed that leaders are responsible to prepare vision in order to
provide appropriate direction to employees. In reference of TESCO, leaders develop vision and
communicate it to workforce so that they can attain desired objectives.
Communication: It is essential to maintain proper communication between employee and
employees. It is vital to minimize ambiguity and confusion that will lead organization towards
higher growth and success. Here, leaders of respective organization maintain necessary
communication with work force in order to reduce down ambiguity at work place.

Comparison between functions and roles of managers and leaders:
Managers Leaders
 In this regard, managers of TESCO are
responsible to prepare effective
strategies as well as policies for
development of organization (Price and
Forrest, 2016).
 On other side, leaders maintain proper
communication with employees. Here,
they communicate goals, objectives to
work force so that they can contribute
in organizational success.
 It is monitored that managers take
necessary decisions for betterment of
organization. Here, they assigned task
to work force and keep proper control
over their activities.
 In this regards, leaders of TESCO
motivate employees through
appropriate techniques in order to
enhance their overall productivity as
well as efficiency.
With above stated points, it is monitored that managers as well as leaders both are crucial
stakeholders of business who performed their own roles and functions so that desired objectives
can be achieved in stipulated period of time.
TASK 2
P2) Discuss how roles of leaders and functions of managers are applied in different situations
SITUATIO 1: PRODUCT LAUNCH
It is stated that there is higher competition is prevailing at market place so it is essential
to expand current product mix of company in order to meet with needs and requirements of
customers. In context of TESCO, they are looking forwards to include new products to grab the
attention of consumers. For this, managers and leaders are required to perform effective market
research in order to get information regarding needs & requirements of customers so that they
can provide products accordingly.

Functions of managers:
In this regards, managers of TESCO are required to make necessary plans by making
anticipations about future (Busing and Palocsay, 2016). They need to organize different
functions effectively and keep proper control over activities of work force. These strategies
provide guidance to employees in order to alien their efforts in appropriate way.
Role of leaders:
Here, leaders are responsible to maintain proper communication with staff members so
that they can perform assigned task effectively. In addition, they need to prepare proper vision
and communicate it to work force. Further, they are required to guide as well as lead staff
members throughout the process in order to make the product launch a success.
SITUATION 2: CONFLICT MANAGEMENT
It is analyzed that there are ample of people belong from different culture, values so there
are higher possibilities to arise conflicts and ambiguities within organization. It is monitored that
TESCO is working within 13 countries at global level so employees belong from different
countries having different mindset, opinions work together. Thus, it is vital for managers to
manage conflicts in organization effectively so that business can run in an effective manner.
Functions of managers:
It is the responsibilities of managers to deal with different situations arise at work place.
They are required to maintain better relationship with work force so that they can easily resolve
conflicts and grazes effectively (Damnjanovic and Røed, 2016). Here, HR mangers of TESCO
need to maintain proper coordination among employees in order to maintain proper work
environment. For this, they can also arrange necessary activities and tasks where work force can
coordinate with each other effectively.

Role of leaders:
In this regards, leaders need to have effective communication with work force to maintain
effective relationship within organization. They need to have proper interaction with work force
by formulating informal groups at work place. With these employees are able to interact with
each other in an effective manner that will lead organization towards higher growth and success.
In addition, leaders need to maintain better communication with employees on regular basis so
that they can share their thoughts, opinions with leaders that is essential to minimize conflicts
within company.
Therefore, there are several situations can arise at work place and it is the responsibility
of managers as well as leaders to deal with different situations in an effective manner. It is
essential to attain predefined objectives and goals of company within stipulated period of time.
P3) Apply system, situational and contingency theories and approaches of leadership
Leaders are crucial stakeholder of company who are responsible to alien efforts of work
force in appropriate direction so that desired objectives can be achieved within predefined period
of time (Leyer, 2016). Here, leaders of TESCO are responsible to provide necessary guidance,
support to work force so that they can work effectively. For this purpose, different approaches
adopted by leaders are given as under:
Situational leadership theory:
It is a crucial approach as per which leaders are required to behave as per situation as there are
no predefined ways to deal with a particular situation. It differs from person to person that how
they deal with certain situation. It is stated that business environment is uncertain so leaders need
to prepare to deal with uncertainties. For this, they are required to make anticipations about
future and act accordingly. It will help to them to grab the opportunities of success that is
essential to ensure long term sustainability and growth (Van Wassenhove, 2019). Here, Heresy-
Blanchard leadership style is adopted by managers so that they can handle situation in best
possible way. Under this, leaders have the power to take quick decisions for betterment of entity.
It includes certain style of leadership that are given as under:

Telling and directing: In this, leaders provide guidance to employees at each and every
step by maintaining proper communication with them. For this, leaders of TESCO organize
appropriate training and development program and provide guidance to work force so that they
can perform assigned task effectively.
Participating and Supporting: Here, leaders motivate staff members to take part in
organizational activities. They give higher importance to thoughts, opinions of employees and
encourage them to come up with more productive suggestions.
Delegating: Under this, leaders of TESCO provide necessary authority to work force in
order to enhance their satisfaction level as well as productivity. It also helps them to take quick
decisions for success of organization (Lockwood and Euler, 2016).
System leadership theory:
It is considered as a set of skills and competencies that is generally used by managers to
support changes at different level within organization. Main aim of this leadership style is to

bring necessary changes at work place that is crucial for betterment of whole company. Here,
collective actions are taken by leaders in order to support changes within company. It is analyzed
that it is suitable to deal with more complex issues arise at work place. In regards of TESCO,
leaders have positive attitude towards changes. They have higher skills as well as expertise to
support innovation as well as creativity within company. By this way, they are able to attain
predefined objectives in stipulated period of time.
Contingent leadership style:
In business world, there are ample of uncertainties as well as contingencies that affect
business performance and efficiency. So, leaders need to be proactive in order to deal with future
situations in an effective manner (Bharara, Sabitha and Bansal, 2017). Here, this theory helps
managers to formulate appropriate strategies to face future situations in better manner. With this,
they are able to minimize negative impacts of uncertainties and grab the opportunities of growth.
It is monitored that leaders of TESCO are highly proactive and make anticipations about future
in order to deal with uncertainties effectively.
TASK 3
P4) Approaches of operations management along with roles of managers and leaders
Operations management is crucial part of business under which different techniques are
used with an aim to improve overall efficiency as well as productivity of company. Main aim of
operations management is to improve efficiency by making optimum use of available resources.
Different approaches of operations management are given as under:
Total Quality management:
This technique is used to enhance overall quality of products and services that is essential
to improve satisfaction level of customers. It is analyzed that now customers are highly quality
conscious so it is vital to provide them standardized products. In this approach, managers review
the quality of products and services throughout the project (Kambli, Sinha and Srinivas, 2020).
In context of TESCO, managers are responsible to use better quality raw material and resources
in order to provide standardizes final products to customers. In addition, it is their responsibility
to supervise activities of human resources throughout the production process. On other side,

leaders are required to maintain proper communication with work force so that they get clarity
regarding their roles and responsibilities within organization.
Just in time:
This approach is concerned with elimination of wastage and additional cost from overall
production process. It is vital to maintain production cost at minimum level and ensure higher
profitability. In this, managers keep control over inputs and put emphasis to eliminate
unnecessary activities from production process to enhance overall productivity and efficiency. In
this, managers are responsible to prepare necessary strategies and policies so that redefined
objectives cam be achieved (Haksever and Render, 2017). On other side, leaders are responsible
to provide appropriate support & guidance to work force so that they perform in desired manner.
In addition, they are also required to maintain proper interaction with staff members to resolve
their issues in an efficient manner.
Kaizen:
This technique focuses on improving production process on continuous basis with an aim
to reduce waste and produce higher quality products & services. Here, managers seek for the
support of employees to bring gradual improvements in overall outcomes. Under this, higher
emphasis is on improvement on working conditions to enhance employee engagement in overall
production process. Here, small changes include quality control, standardized work and timely
delivery. In context of TESCO, it is the responsibility of managers to ensure better environment
at work place so that employees can take part in organization activities to bring improvement. In
Here, role of leaders is to motivate work force to effectively participate in improvement of
overall production process. They need to encourage employees to come ahead with better
solutions which may create higher impact over organization.
P5) Discuss importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives
Enhancement in operational efficiency: It is monitored that there are a lot of techniques
such as TQM, just in time and more are used in operations management that helps to make
effective use of available resources. These techniques are helpful to produce quality products at
minimum price. With this, managers are able to do mass production that reduce overall cost of
production. In reference of TESCO, managers adopt ample of techniques in order to reduce

down wastage and eliminate unnecessary activities from production process. By this way, they
are able to provide products and services to customers at lower price that is vital to earn potential
profit margin.
Cost reduction: Here, cost put great impact on overall profitability of organization so it is
significant for managers to reduce down overall expenses so they can provide products &
services in affordable price range. There are a lot of techniques such as just in time, kaizen and
more which help in improving production process and keep control over outcomes. It makes
managers enable to produce products in bulk that leads overall cost at minimum level. In regards
of TESCO, they use effective techniques of operations management to bring higher efficiency in
daily operations and reduce down cost of production.
Customer satisfaction: It is monitored that customers are crucial stakeholders of
organization so they need to keep satisfied in order to ensure long term sustainability of entity. In
current business world, customers seek for higher quality products and ready to pay extra amount
for that. Here, techniques of operations management such as TQM, Six Sigma and more are
focused over improving quality of products and services. With this, managers are able to provide
quality products to customers at lower price that is vital for higher customer satisfaction. In
context of TESCO, managers provide quality products to customers at affordable price range
which provides competitive edge to company at market place.
TASK 4
P6) Discuss factors of business environment which affect operational management and decision
making of leaders & managee
Business environment is a crucial part of company which includes several internal as well
as external factors that affect business in significant manner. Here, these factors need to taken
into consideration while decision making to ensure smooth functioning of business. For this
purpose, internal analysis has been undertaken by applied SWOT tool which is given as under:
SWOT analysis
Strength Weakness
TESCO is a global brand which has gained TESCO has been involved in fraud scandal due

higher positive goodwill across the world. It is
currently working within 13 countries across
the globe which allows company to earn
substantial amount of profit margin.
to tax aversion which adversely affects the
image of company.
Opportunities Threats
It is analyzed that in present organization is
working within 13 countries so it has scope to
expand business in more countries for earning
higher profitability.
TESCO also has to face tremendous threat due
to extensive competition present in market
place.
Different factors which affect the operation management and decision making process
Stakeholder: It refers to all the relevant parties who have interest in business and get
affected with its activities & functions. Here, some crucial stakeholders of business are
customers, investors, managers, directors, suppliers and more. It comprise all the parties from
internal and external environment. They posses higher interest in business so managers need to
take decisions accordingly. It is monitored that there are ample of stakeholders of TESCO such
as customers, suppliers, employees, managers and more. Thus, they take decision with an aim to
ensure their maximum benefits. Here, company focuses to improve its operational efficiency to
provide quality products to end users at lower price. On other side, they also ensure to provide
better working environment to work force. So, their decisions are highly concerned with
maximizing interest of stakeholders.
Sustainability: In current scenario, there is higher competition prevailing at market place.
Thus, it is not easy for organizations to sustain in market for longer run. They need to prepare
appropriate strategies to secure their market position. It is analyzed that operation management
techniques such as Six Sigma, TQM are helpful for managers of TESCO to improve overall
efficiency that is imperative to ensure long term sustainability.
Culture and values: It includes factors such as beliefs, values, attitude prevailing at work
place. It is stated that positive environment and culture is crucial to motivate employees so that
they work with full efficiency. So, managers need to maintain positive culture at work place in
order to maintain higher operational efficiency. In reference of TESCO, managers and leaders
are responsible to adopt effective techniques of operations management to improve overall

production process. In addition they are also required to maintain positive culture and values to
retain employees for longer duration.

CONCLUSION
With above discussion, it is summarized that management and operations is crucial
functions of business which help to attain predefined objectives. It is stated that managers and
leaders have crucial role in managing business functions effectively. It is concluded that
operations management is crucial to improve in quality of products and services. Moreover,
managers and leaders play a crucial role in enhancement of overall, operational efficiency.

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.