Report: Analyzing Leadership, Management, and Operations at Tesco

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of leadership, management, and operational strategies within Tesco, a prominent retail company. It begins with an introduction to leadership and management, highlighting their importance for business success. The report then delves into the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers, differentiating their functions within the company's framework. It explores various leadership models, including situational, systems, and contingency approaches, and discusses their application within Tesco. Furthermore, the report examines key operations management approaches such as Total Quality Management (TQM), Just-in-Time (JIT), and Lean Production, and their impact on Tesco's business operations. The report also discusses factors affecting operational management and decision-making. By evaluating these aspects, the report aims to provide insights into Tesco's successful operational strategies and management practices. The report concludes with a summary of the findings and a list of references.

Management and
Operations

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
P1: Role and characteristics of leader and manager..........................................................3
LO2..................................................................................................................................................5
P2: Role of leader and function of manager in various situations.....................................5
P3: Theories and models of approach...................................................................................6
LO3..................................................................................................................................................7
P4: Key approaches of operations management.................................................................7
P5: Value and importance of operations management.....................................................10
LO4................................................................................................................................................12
P6: Factors that impact operational management and decision-making.......................12
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is the process through which an individual called as a leader inspires,
motivates, guides, mentors and leads the employees of a business organisation
towards accomplishing a set of dedicated goals and objectives of the organisation.
Management is the strategic process through which an individual called as a manager
manages, supervises and organises the operations of their fellow employees in order to
achieve optimum levels of performance and efficiency by the employees of the business
organisation (Western, 2019). Both effective leadership and management operations
are of immense importance towards the sustained long-term successful operations of a
business organisation within their operational industries and towards the business
achieving increased levels of performance, efficiency, productivity and profitability in the
consumer markets.
This report evaluates the leadership and management operations of Tesco,
which is a retail business organisation that specialises in selling general merchandisers
and groceries to their customers within the retail markets of UK. Tesco was founded in
1919, 101 years ago and currently operates from its operational headquarters in
Hertfordshire, England. Having operated successfully within the retail industries of UK
for such a significantly long period of time has allowed Tesco to successfully grow and
expand its operations to international markets in order to diversify their operations and
increase their overall customer base, market share, productivity and profitability.
Currently Tesco operates around 6,800 distinct retail establishments in 11 different
countries around the world and employs around half a million distinct individuals at
various positions within its organisational structure, in order to be able to successfully
conduct its operations.
LO1
P1: Role and characteristics of leader and manager
There are various differences between role and characteristics of leader and
manager within company business framework which holds various new potentialities to
bring on long term functional efficiency within all grounds to keep strong working

synergy among employees. Tesco is one of the biggest retail company within UK
industry having wide operation goals and production standards within working
fundamentals to develop high innovative working culture of motivation, innovative
business ideas and to gain larger productivity within outputs. Role of leader is to lead
the team members with strong supervision, effective leadership style to keep on training
and motivating employees for building effective working progression among all
performance goals. The leader works with commitment and positional power to keep on
empowering employees to work on new rational ideas, higher creativity fundamentals
and top keenly function with continuous dynamic functional goals. The leader at Tesco
is the link between managers and employees working within various departments to
bring on best communicative patterns to train them for reaching the set paradigms
pertaining for higher effective working goals. Leader characteristics can be refereed as
highly charismatic, keenly focused to bring on more transitional new working paradigms
through which wider goals can be governed for attainment of new leveraging power
(Babalola,Stouten and Euwema, 2019).
While however the role of manager can be understood as one of the most
influential and pragmatic as he has the power to keep on maintaining strong
communication links of the work criteria, performance goals as viewed by top
management. The manager works with high dynamics to supervise and monitor
leaders working ethics and standards to keep on promoting them for building positive
synergy of working progression. Managers at Tesco work with vision and autonomous
responsibility to bring on command among working fundamentals as per set criteria.
The managers at Tesco are solely responsible to bring direct communicative vision and
expertise among various departments and work with managerial courage to keenly
bring on positive dynamic working culture. Tesco managers aims to be resourceful and
show managerial courage and technical advancement which builds on motivation
among leaders and employees to bring in innovation at work and be ethically
responsive to all the various keen fundamental attributive. These factors of managers
enable us to analyse difference between skills and characteristics between mangers
and leaders within various grounds and how their roles impact employees performance

behaviours ethically for gaining wide transformational paradigms (Badawy, Gazdag and
Treadway, 2019).
LO2
P2: Role of leader and function of manager in various situations
The role of leader and managers are different in various situations within
business scenario and have wide operational situations where their role vary massively
with their various impact levels to technically uplift high levels of performance goals. If a
new employee is joining production team its the role of leader to train him with all
necessary skills and developed pertaining synergy of operational efficiency. The leader
need to provide best work ranting, listen to the employee grievances and potentially
bring wider work objectives as per set fundamentals of performance targets set by
Tesco. At this situation the role of manger is to keep on building new rational synergy
and appoint the best leader as per expertise and skills fundamental to working
potentialities. Role of manager is also to build strong infrastructure and clean production
space for all employees and to supervise leaders with the best determinants to bring on
dynamic innovation within business scenario (erse, 2019).
Another role and function of leader and manager can be seen within business
situation such as any sort of miscommunication or differentiated working patterns which
is hurting employees working grounds need to be resolved by leader immediately.
Mangers have the role to bring in effective communication patterns, innovative
technology for developing higher effective working patterns for all employees and also
to bring barrier free working paradigms for pertaining onto wider scale services within
business scenario. The role of manger is also to program and monitor the leaders
performance metrics pertaining onto wider working scenario for leveraging onto wider
goals for higher profitable outcomes and rational services paradigms to work on new
factors of business goals. Tesco production departments holds various working
opportunities for employees where they are directed with effective training and quest
within working fundamentals to develop long term goals among workforce, potentially
bring innovative ideas before mangers and leaders.
These factors and paradigms enable us to analyse how role of leaders and
mangers vary differently from each other to program out higher effective working

grounds at Tesco, to develop new working arenas and motivate employees with higher
dynamic supervision. Leaders have role to lead and supervise the team employees
where manager has the purpose to build in motivation and vision within working culture
and to supervise leaders roles within company business framework (Kuvaas and Buch,
2019).
P3: Theories and models of approach
Currently there are various theories and models of leadership exists in the
market which every team leader should follow in their daily operations (Choi, Wallace
and Wang, 2018). On the other side, upper management at Tesco should run some
training and development programmes, where it needs to aware its different leaders
about actual role of leadership theories and models. There are situational leadership,
systems leadership and contingency three main approaches of leadership which has
been discussed below;
Situational leadership
This is one of the main leadership theories or models that every leader of the
Tesco should highly needs to be considered in the workplace. Basically, situational
leadership helps to leaders for systematically dealing with different situation in
workplace. A leader within Tesco always need to deal with lots of situations. For
example; sometimes some conflicts have raised between employees, in which leader is
the only person who responsible for dealing with that situation by solving conflicts
between employees. On the other side, when employees not perform well within the
workplace, then leader responsible to provide different training and development
sessions to its employees. In this case, there are situation leadership approach is very
helpful to different leaders. With the support of this approach, any leader can easily deal
with any organisational situation.
Strengths: Situational leadership approach helps to leaders for properly handling and
dealing with various situation in the workplace.
Weaknesses: By using this approach a leader can gain only limited benefits.

Systems leadership
System leadership is another useful approach that support to leaders for
completing their various tasks in a systematic manner. Currently top-level management
of Tesco is trying to take learn its different leaders about system leadership, because
this leadership approach is very supportive to leaders for properly leading various
people, employees or team members within the workplace (Andrade, Moazeni and
Ramirez-Marquez, 2018). Complete each and every task and target in systematic
manner is very necessary for an organisation, in which this approach of leadership
enables to the organisation to do this. That’s why system approach of leadership is
helpful in achieving all organisational goals, so leaders within Tesco should highly
consider this approach as well.
Strengths: This approach helps to leaders for completing different targets in systematic
manner.
Weaknesses: A leader need to put huge efforts for gaining excellent results through
this system approach.
Contingency
Contingency is another productive approach of leadership, so this also needs to
be considered in Tesco by different leaders. Basically, contingency approach is a
mixture of situational and system leadership approaches. In this situation, by
implementing this approach in daily operations, any leaders can easily handle different
organisational situations in systematic manner. Contingency approach always motives
and encourages leaders for converting its ordinary team into an effective team. This is
the main reason that, every leader within Tesco should highly consider this in their daily
leadership operations.
Strengths: Contingency approach is very helpful in making an effective teamwork.
Weaknesses: Difficult to implement in daily operations.

LO3
P4: Key approaches of operations management
There are TQM (Total Quality Management), JIT (Just in Time) and Lean
Production etc. some key approaches of operations management. Top-level
management of Tesco should highly consider these all approaches in its business
environment (Ivanova, Tsipoulanidisa and Schönbergerb, 2019). Of course, upper
management of Tesco already has implemented these all approaches in its business
operations, in which there are managers and leaders of Tesco plays their excellent roles
in these all approaches. These key approaches of operations management and roles
and the role that manager and leaders play has been explained below;
TQM (Total Quality Management)
TQM is the major approach of leadership that is highly needs to be considered in
the Tesco production department. Basically, total quality management approach helps
in controlling the quality of different products and services in the production processes.
There are managers and leaders of Tesco plays excellent roles in implementation of
this approach. For example; a manager always prepares a specific plan for
systematically implementing this approach in the production processes. A manager is
only person who takes final decision on implementing this approach or techniques. The
manger Tesco give order to different leaders for successfully implementing TQM in
production department.
On the other side, leaders also play excellent role in implementation of this total
quality management approach. Suppose, a leader within Tesco always responsible to
take order from its upper manager for implementing TQM in the production department.
After implementation, the leader is the only person who teach and train employees or
team member about how control the quality of different products and services with the
support of TQM approach (Sa’adah and et.al., 2019). A leader always responsible to
give outcome report to its upper management also which it has achieved through total
quality management approach.
JIT (Just in Time)

Just in time is another useful approach operations management, in which this
approach is also successfully implemented by Tesco in its manufacturing practices.
Basically, just in time approach helps in saving lots of precious cost and resources of an
organisation by avoiding huge wastage in manufacturing processes. Tesco’s managers
and leaders plays effective roles in implementation of JIT approach as well. For
example; manager provide specific fund to its production or manufacturing department
for properly employing just in time approach in daily operations. Then manager has
ordered only such raw-material from its different suppliers which is really required in the
existing manufacturing processes. By taking this step, the manager can easily save its
huge cost and resources.
On the other hand, there are leaders of Tesco also has played very effective role
in the implementation of just in time approach. Basically, leader responsible to prepare
a list of such goods, items and material which are highly required for running the
manufacturing processes. After preparation of list, the leader responsible to provide that
to its respective manager, because at the end manager contacts to the suppliers for
ordering raw-material. Then, leader need to inform its employees about how to use JIT
as well (Leng, Li and Liang, 2016). It is necessary task to the leader for taking huge
advantages through just in time approach of operations management.
Lean Production
There is lean production is another innovative approach of operation
management which gives opportunity to a business or company for improving
productivity of its production department. Basically, when a company has productive
production processes, then can easily produce the best quality products. managers and
leaders of Tesco plays excellent role in implementation of this approach as well. For
example; the manager at Tesco always takes necessary decisions towards removing
such factors from its production processes which cab negatively affect to its production
department. The manager is the only responsible body within the Tesco who pass order
for successfully implementing this lean production approach in the production
department.

On the other side, a leader within Tesco responsible to take order from its upper
management to implement lean production approach in the workplace. Then, leader
should prepare a productive plan to aware its employees or people about impact of lean
production approach on company. Basically, employees always depend in their
respective leaders for knowing about organisational changes, in which implementing
lean production approach in workplace is also new change or thing for existing
employees (Starr and Gupta, 2017). In this situation, leaders of Tesco play an excellent
role through informing their employees about each and every detail of this approach of
operations management.
Evaluation
Managers and leaders are putting their huge efforts in the Tesco’s daily
operations for improving efficiencies of operational management to successful meet the
business objectives. The manager at Tesco always tries to take some productive and
appropriate decisions for systematically managing various operations. It is necessary for
achieving all decided targets on time. After manager, there are leaders of Tesco also
too active in their respective job roles, in which this is very excellent factor to the Tesco.
Reason is, managers and leaders enable to Tesco for achieving its different business
objectives on time.
P5: Value and importance of operations management
Operations management is too important for different organisation, so top-level
management of Tesco should always consider the concept of operations management
in the workplace. Currently most businesses and companies in all over the world are
taking huge advantages through operations management. There are some major
importance and value of operations management has been discussed below;
Increase quality of products and services: Operations management is very helpful in
increasing the quality of different products and services, in which the Tesco can easily
provide the best quality products and services in the international retail industry with the
support of operations management. Generally, operations management includes some
productive approaches called total quality management and just in time, so these

approaches of operations management mainly contributes controlling the quality of
different products and services (Forrester and et.al., 2019). That’s why upper
management of Tesco always needs to be considered in the operations management in
its workplace.
Improve customer satisfaction: There are operations management is very helpful in
managing improving levels of customer satisfaction as well. With the support of
operations management, the Tesco is able to produce different quality products and
services, in which when this retail company provides quality products and services in
the market, then its customers will be easily satisfied with Tesco. According to different
business experts, there are high customer satisfaction is everything for an organisation
to generate huge profit in the market, in which operations management highly
contributes in improving the levels of customer satisfaction. That’s why top-level
management of Tesco should always consider the concept of operations management
in its business environment.
Improve brand image: Operations management highly contributes in the improvement
of brand image as well. In this dynamic and modern world, every business or company
is investing huge fund for developing improving their brand image and goodwill in the
market. Of course, Tesco already has well-developed and improved brand image in the
global market, but existing management this retail company still need to improve its
brand image in the market, because competition within the international retail is
continuously increasing (Mak, 2018). In this situation, with the support of operations
management, Tesco can easily gain huge competitive advantage in the international
market.
Contributes in gaining large market share: There are operations management is very
important to Tesco for gaining large market share within the UK’s retail industry.
Currently lots of other businesses are continuously gaining huge market share with the
support of operations. In this situation, upper management of Tesco is also highly
required to always be considered operations management in its workplace. Of course,
gaining large market share is not a small task to a company, because a business
always needs to fulfil different requirements and wants of customers in the market. For

example; most people and customers within the UK’s retail industry like to buy quality
products and services, in which operations management is the only way to Tesco for
producing quality products and services. In this situation, when company offers such
products and services in the market, then it will be easily able to achieve large market
share in the UK’s retail industry.
LO4
P6: Factors that impact operational management and decision-making
Currently there are lots of factors exists within the Tesco’s business environment
which are highly affecting operational management and decision-making of leaders and
mangers within the workplace (Donohue and Schultz, 2019). Some major factors of
Tesco’s business environment have been discussed below with their impact on
operational management and decision making of leaders and managers.
Market competition: This is one of the major factors within the Tesco’s business
environment that influences to the operational management practice and decision-
making of leaders and managers. It can be described as, currently there are market
competition within the UK’s retail industry is very high. In this situation, a manager
always needs to take decisions for implementing the approaches of operations
management for improving its level of customer satisfaction, because when manager
improve levels of customers satisfaction, then it can easily deal with the factor of high
market competition. On the other side, this factor always influences to leaders of Tesco
for taking decisions to provide some specific training and development sessions,
because by getting these sessions an employee can easily put its huge efforts in the
Tesco’s daily operations (Magon and et.al., 2018). That’s why this factor highly impact
operations and decision making of leaders and managers at Tesco.
Technology: Technology is another major factor within the Tesco’s business
environment that influences to operations management and decision-making of leaders
and managers. Basically, the manager within Tesco takes decisions for implementing
new and modern technology within daily operations. On the other side, there are