Leadership and Management Theory and Practice: A Costa Coffee Analysis

This report provides an analysis of leadership and management theories and their practical application, using Costa Coffee as a case study. It reviews various leadership models such as the Great Man Theory, Lewin's Behavioral Leadership, and Transformational Leadership, along with models like Team-oriented, Authoritarian, and Bureaucratic Leadership. The report discusses how these theories and models can be applied to the leadership within Costa Coffee, emphasizing the importance of democratic leadership and team-oriented approaches to enhance employee engagement and productivity. Furthermore, it includes a critical reflection on personal leadership experiences and areas for development, focusing on improving communication, decision-making, and time management skills to become a more effective leader. The action plan outlines specific steps and resources needed to enhance these skills, aiming for continuous improvement and better organizational outcomes. Desklib provides similar solved assignments for students.

Leadership and Management
theory and practice

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Reviewing of leadership and management theories and models.................................................3
Application of theories and models to the leader of the organization.........................................5
Critically reflecting own experience of leadership and areas of own development....................5
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Leadership refers to the ability of the individual or it may be the group of individuals
which use to influence and guide the followers or the other member of the company. This is the
vital management function which used to help and direct the organization resources and
improves the efficiency and achievements of objectives. The current assignment is based on
Costa Coffee which is the British coffee house chain in Dunstable England. The report will
outline the information about the organization and will review on the leadership and
management theories and models. Further this report will outline the application of theories and
model to the leader and reviewing own experience and areas of development.
Costa Coffee shop is the British coffee shop chain having its headquartered in Dunstable
England. The organization was founded in the London in 1971 by the brothers Bruno and Sergio
Costa. They started as the wholesale operation by supplying the roasted coffee to the caterers and
specialist Italian coffee shops. The company used to make the products like coffee, Tea,
sandwiches and iced drinks (Kiral, 2020). It is the second largest coffee house chain in the world
and the largest coffee house in the market of UK. The organization has grown to 3,401 stores in
almost 31 countries and having 18,412 employees. The business has almost 2121 restaurants in
UK and have 6000 Costa Express vending facilities.
Reviewing of leadership and management theories and models
Leadership is the process which makes the person influence others in order to achieve
that objectives and helps in direct the group that makes it more coherent. The following
leadership models and theories are as described below:
1. Great Man Theory: In this theory of leadership, the leadership is seen as the
heroic act on the part of the individual. There is something different about the
person's combination of qualities, personality traits and the abilities to set the
person as the great leader (Heyler and Martin, 2018). This is the simple theory for
the business as businesses have long been turning to the individuals and helps
them to achieve the common goals.
2. Lewin Theory of Behavioural Leadership: In this model of leadership, Kurt
Lewin used to argue that there are basically three types of leaders which are
Autocratic, Democratic and Laiseez- faire types of leaders. The autocratic leaders
used to make their own decisions without discussing any matters with the team

members. The decision- making is fast as the leader itself make the decision
without having any discussion on them. The democratic leadership is the type of
leadership in which the leaders used to have input of their team before making the
decisions (Wang, 2018). This is the best style of leadership that makes the
employees to participate in the decision- making process. In the Laiseez- faire
leadership the employees used to do as they want and the leaders don't interfere
what there employees are doing. In this theory the individual used to learn the
new and innovative skills and become the good leader as it is one of the best
leadership theory.
3. Transformational leadership: James MacGregor has the developed the theory of
transformational leadership in the context of the social and political leadership.
The transformational leadership is the approach that used to cause the changes in
the individuals and the social systems. This leadership used to create the valuable
and the positive changes in the followers by having the end goal of developing the
followers into leaders. The transformational leaders used to motivate the
followers in order to support each other and overall business (Kwan, 2020). The
transformational leader's power includes the inspirational motivation, idealized
influence, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration. This theory used
to talk about the leader who is basically inspirational and charismatic and
encourages their followers to have better transform and perform the better task.
Models of leadership: There are many types of leadership models which helps the leaders
to have the good scope of the work which are as described below:
1. Team- oriented Leadership: These type of leader used to set the positive
example by having the collaborative team environment by focusing on the
individual strengths and encouraging them to have reach the highest (20 Types of
Leadership Models and Theories in Management, 2022). This is also called the
people oriented leadership that tends to be more effective which increases the
productivity and employee engagement and employee satisfaction.
2. Authoritarian Leadership: The autocratic leaders are the leaders that are
extremely the task oriented and have no interest in the collaborative decision-

making. The leader used to have the full and overall control on their team and
used to motivate their team by strict rules and punishments.
3. Bureaucratic Leadership: This type of leadership model is often adopted by the
managers of the company who are the better administrators than the leaders. This
type of leadership used to involve the great focus on the results and performance,
having the strict chain and used to answer the shareholders (Turnnidge and Côté,
2018). These type of leadership is greatly used where the strict and safety
standards are required by following the tergal regulations.
Application of theories and models to the leader of the organization
The organizational leader can have the Great man theory which helps them to show
something different about the person's combination of qualities, personality traits and the
abilities to set the person as the great leader. By having this it will have the good impact on the
leadership in the organization.
The cited organization can also apply the Lewin theory of behavioural leadership which
helps the organization's individuals to learn the new and innovative skills and become the good
leader as it is one of the best leadership theory (Asbari, 2020). In this the democratic leadership
style is best as it makes the employees to participate in the decision-making. This will have the
great impact on the leadership in Costa coffee shop leader.
Applying the team- oriented model on the organization makes the organization to have
the great team by having the collaborative team environment by focusing on the individual
strengths and encouraging them to reach the highest potential. This model will help the leader to
increases the productivity and employee engagement and employee satisfaction in the
organization.
These are the best model and theories that the company can apply in order to make the
organization to increases the productivity by having the good leaders. This will make the
organization to have the great impact of the leadership on leader of the cited organization.
Critically reflecting own experience of leadership and areas of own development
Leadership is the great process that helps the person to influence and guide the employees
in order to have the good productivity in the organization. As the leader of Costa Coffee house I
have learned many new and innovative skills that helps me to become the better leader. There
was the situation when the organization was not able to make the good decisions for the

company. So by following the democratic leadership I used to gather the employees of the
organization and ask them about their point of view to make the good decisions which makes
them feel valued in the organization (Clark and Harrison, 2018). My experience as the leader in
the organization is so great which makes me to develop the time management skills by managing
the work on time. I have seen that the person cannot learn and truly develop as the leaders if he is
not having the capability of having the continuous and deep learning. By managing the work as
the leader it helps me to understand and have the reflection on own learning in order to analyse
the situation and make the good decisions. In the today's era the role of leader is extremely
important for the successful performance of the organization.
The leader in organization has to learn the good skills which helps them to have the both
professional and personal success in life. As the leader my communication skills were not good
which has affected my work in the organization as I was unable to have the proper
communication with the employees. With my knowledge and experience as the leader I have
understood the importance of making the proper and far decisions in the organization. In my
leadership role I use the team- oriented model that refers to make the decisions by having the
views of the employees as well while making the decisions. This model helped me a lot in order
to make the decisions. By this the employees in the organization used to feel motivated and feel
valued while working in the organization. As the democratic leader I used to support the
employees in their best decisions for the company which helps me in the betterment of the
workplace. My interpersonal skills were not also not good which sometime mismanages the
work and have effect on the decision-making of the company.
As I have understood that the good leaders helps the employees helps in order to develop
the skills of the co- workers by motivating and sharing the knowledge to them in order to
improve the capabilities. By the leader in the organization I used to motivate the employees in
their working which encourage and motivates them to have the great work in the organization. I
used to provide the extra incentives and bonus which used to increase the productivity and
profitability of the organization. This role helps me develop my analytical skills and team
working skills which helps me to develop the productivity by motivating the employees in the
organization. In order to be the good leader one must have the good communication skills,
progressive thinking, decision- making skills, negotiation skills, interpersonal skills and the good
confidence to cope up with the challenges (Kapoor, 2021). As the leader in the organization I

was unable to manage the workload which used to decrease the productivity and productivity of
the company.
As the leader I was little weak in some skills that used to reduce my efficiency in the
organization. I must need to ensure the weak skills and need to improve those skills which helps
me to become the good leader of Costa coffee house.
Action plan
Skills to be developed Actions will be taken
improve the area of
development
Resources needed Target get to improve
the area of
development
Communication
skills
In order to improve
my communication
skills I have to do the
good communication
with the employees
and other staff in the
organization. This will
improve my
communication and
negotiation with staff
and other members.
Human resources are
needed with whom
can have the
communication that
can be employees or
other staff in the
organization.
I will improve this
skills in almost two to
three months.
Decision- making
skills
In order to make the
good decisions I have
to work on this skill.
By taking the new
projects and making
the own decision will
help me to improve
this skill.
New projects and
employees which help
me to make the good
decisions in the coffee
house (Chou and
Naimi, 2020).
I will improve this
skills in almost two to
three months.
Time- management
skills
As my time
management skills is
Skilled and qualified
employees, new and
I will improve this
skills in almost three

god but at the time of
workload I have to
manage the work
timely which will help
me to manage the
workload.
innovative technology
for better management
of work and good
projects.
months.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded about the brief information about the organization.
The report has evaluated on the leadership and management theories and models. Further this
report has also described about the application of theories and model to the leader. At last the
report has concluded about the reviewing the own experience of leadership and the areas for the
development. By making the personal development plan it helps to develop the skills of the
leader in the organization.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Kiral, E., 2020. Excellent Leadership Theory in Education. Journal of Educational Leadership
and Policy Studies. 4(1). p.n1.
Heyler, S. G. and Martin, J. A., 2018. Servant leadership theory: Opportunities for additional
theoretical integration. Journal of Managerial Issues. pp.230-243.
Wang, F., 2018. Social justice leadership—theory and practice: A case of Ontario. Educational
Administration Quarterly. 54(3). pp.470-498.
Kwan, P., 2020. Is transformational leadership theory passé? Revisiting the integrative effect of
instructional leadership and transformational leadership on student
outcomes. Educational Administration Quarterly. 56(2). pp.321-349.
Turnnidge, J. and Côté, J., 2018. Applying transformational leadership theory to coaching
research in youth sport: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Sport
and Exercise Psychology. 16(3). pp.327-342.
Asbari, M., 2020. Is Transformational Leadership Suitable for Future Organizational
Needs?. International Journal of Social, Policy and Law. 1(1). pp.51-55.
Clark, C.M. and Harrison, C., 2018. Leadership: the complexities and state of the field. European
Business Review.
Kapoor, M., 2021. Role of Spiritual Leadership as a Catalyst in Building Resilient
Organizations: Leadership Lessons from Organisations in India. Journal of Resilient
Economies (ISSN: 2653-1917). 1(2). pp.4-18.
Chou, C. Y. and Naimi, L. L., 2020. A Discussion of Leadership Theories as they Relate to
Information Systems Leadership. Leadership & Organizational Management
Journal. 2020(2). pp.1-10.
Online
20 Types of Leadership Models and Theories in Management. 2022. [Online]. Available through:
<https://futureofworking.com/20-types-of-leadership-models-and-theories-in-
management/>

APPENDIX
Leadership development Plan
What are my
leadership
development
objectives?
What leadership
activities I must
perform?
Where will I develop
my leadership to
achieve the
leadership
objectives?
Target date
Improve the
communication skills
I have to do the good
communication with
the employees and
other staff in the
organization.
At the workplace. 23- April-2022
Managing workload In order to be the good
leader I have to focus
on the things which
will help me to
manage workload.
At the workplace 27- April-2022