Leadership and Management: Toyota Plc Operations Analysis Report

This report delves into the crucial roles of leaders and managers within organizations, particularly focusing on operational management. It highlights the distinctions between leadership and management functions, emphasizing how leaders guide and motivate while managers strategize and execute. The report uses Toyota Plc as a case study to analyze various leadership theories, including situational, contingency, and system leadership, as well as Mintzberg's roles of management. It examines how these theories impact operational efficiency, decision-making, and the ability to adapt to dynamic business environments. Furthermore, the report explores key approaches to operations management, the importance of operational aspects, and factors influencing operational management within a business context. The analysis covers the strengths and weaknesses of different leadership approaches and their practical application within Toyota's operations.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATION

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1. Roles and characteristics of manager and leader.............................................................3
M1 Differentiate between role of a leader and function of a manager...................................5
D1 Analyse and evaluate different theories and approaches to leadership............................5
P2 Role of leader and manager in different situations...........................................................5
P3 Different theory and model of approaches........................................................................6
M2 Strengths and weaknesses of different approaches..........................................................7
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Key approaches to operations management and role of leader and manager in working of
these approaches.....................................................................................................................8
P5 Importance and value of management operations aspects in company..........................10
M3 Leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management...............12
P6 Factors which exist in business environment and impacts upon operational management
and decision-making.............................................................................................................12
M4 Analyse different factors that affect business environment and community.................13
D2 Evaluate application of operations management and factors impact on business
environment..........................................................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
In every kind of organisation, operation management plays important role in making
system function efficiently. It is necessary that superior distribute duties and provide adequate
instruction to employees, to make them perform activities properly. Leadership theories and
operational management approaches are used in system (Bazargan, 2016). This help company to
deliver adequate products and services to people. Present report is based on Toyota Plc, which is
auto-mobile company provide variety of vehicles to people. This business was set up by
executive in Japan. Management frame strategies and provide tasks to members in according to
their abilities. Thereby, leader keep employees dedicated and motivated; so that they perform
activities and accomplish targets within specified time frame. Thus, administration is able to
attract customers and sustain them for longer period. Hence, they are able to enhance sales and
incur adequate profit for business.

TASK 1
P1. Roles and characteristics of manager and leader
In every organisation, administration specifies the roles and responsibilities according to
skills and knowledge of candidates. Thereby, division of manpower in various departments
perform activities, so that firm's goals and objectives are attained timely. This helps the superiors
to make adequate decisions and utilise resources properly.
As per Jacobs, Chase and Lummus (2014), manager provides tasks to each member
through which firm delivers products and services according to the needs and wants of people.
So, by informing employees about targets and give them adequate instruction, so that
theyperform tasks properly and complete it within specified time frame.
According to Alderton and Saieva (2013), leader establishes relationship with workforce
and provide appropriate guidance to them. This helps them to anticipate issues and conflicts
faced by employees. Thereby, provide them adequate solution to retain them for longer period.
Mintzberg's roles of management
Interpersonal role: Employees will feel connected with firm and complete tasks timely,
if manager and leader establish relationship with them. They should be involved in decision
making process and their opinion should be invited because through this action adequate
selection could made. In Toyota, superior conduct meetings and sessions to acknowledge
requirements and issues of workforce.
Informational role: Superiors conduct market survey to enquire about demands of
people. Thereby, communicate this to executive so that activities will be conducted in an
appropriate manner. Besides this, manager should provide adequate information through E-mail
about targets that workers required to attain. This help firm to make employees function in
adequate manner and position system higher than competitors (Heizer,2016).
Decisional role: Manager and leader require to involve members in activities and take
their feedback, so that they will be able to make appropriate choices which are beneficial for
firm. It is essential that plans and programs are constructed according to the market conditions.
In Toyota, superiors make alterations in strategies and develop products according to customer's
requirement. This helps company to utilise funds in a proper manner and take care that there will
be no wastage of resources.
There are some features which both leader and manager require to possess.

 Superiors provide guidance and instructions to employees to make them perform tasks
and complete the same within specified deadlines.
 Both require to establish relationship with members, to anticipate problems and issues
faced by them.
Leader and manager functions differs with each other, which is stated beneath:
Leader Manager
Leader gives guidance to employees to
accomplish activities according to strategies.
Management frames strategies and distributes
duties among members with respect to their
abilities to make them perform tasks in a
proper manner.
Leadership duty is to keep subordinates
dedicated and motivated towards job. So, they
will perform tasks in an effective manner.
They examine the performance of
subordinates, thereby conduct training sessions
to enhance their skills and knowledge.
It is necessary that they identify problems and
provide adequate solution to individual, in
order to make them complete work timely.
Manager’s responsibility is to provide
instructions to workforce and make them attain
targets within specified time frame.
M1 Differentiate between role of a leader and function of a manager
Manager and leader both differ with each other, but both require to attain business goals
and objectives of organisation. Interpersonal, informational and decisional are role which are
conducted by manager to formulate plan, organise business activities, direct and control to
execute business operations effectively. Besides this, leader function is to guide and direct
members to make them perform tasks and complete targets within defined time.
D1 Analyse and evaluate different theories and approaches to leadership
In Toyota Plc, Mintzberg's roles of management is theory which help company to have
motivated and dedicated staff which conduct operations effectively. Besides this, there are
different kinds of leadership theories that are contingency, system and situational leadership
theory which help leader to enhance functioning of company by executing activities in according
to market conditions.

P2 Role of leader and manager in different situations
Organisation exist in environment which is dynamic, so it is necessary that administration
make employees perform activities in effective manner; so that products and services are
delivered as per requirement of people. Superior require to design system and implement tools
through which adequate offerings are made by firm. They even need to make alterations in
strategies, structure and policies in order to market conditions.
Deal with uncertainty: Manager specify targets which are to be accomplish by
employees. This help in making them perform activities in proper manner. Leader establish
relationship with members to anticipate issues and problems that are faced by them. Thereby
provide them adequate solution, so that their workability is not affected.
In this situation, manager frame plan which define information about different activities
which require to be conducted in organisation. Along this, they even design system flexible so
that transformation and modifications are made in system to handle uncertainties. Leader role is
to inform employees about market conditions, so that they provide appropriate facilities and
services to people.
Strategy formulation: In Toyota, management duty is to distribute duties and tasks in
according to skills and abilities of employees. Besides this, they even frame plans and
communicate with members to make them function accordingly (Kerzner, 2013). Leader duty is
to anticipate that whether work is being conducted as per standards or not. They even should take
opinion in order to ascertain that employees function in adequate manner.
In this situation, manager formulate strategies and policies to direct members to make
them perform tasks in proficient manner. Along this, leader role is to inform staff about
strategies which are framed by management to make them work accordingly.
Goal setting: It is essential that executive involve superior in decision making process
and other activities. In Toyota, manager have information about customer's requirement and
competitor's offerings. Thereby, this benefit company to frame objectives and goals in
appropriate manner. Besides this, leader evaluate performance of employees and provide them
instruction. This help in maintaining motivation and keeping workforce dedicated towards their
duties.
Manager frame strategies in respect to goals and objectives which are formulated by top
personnel to make employees perform tasks in defined manner. Besides this, leader direct

employees and make them execute activities and complete targets within defined time. Thus,
organisation goals are achieved and top personnel is able to sustain its position in market.
P3 Different theory and model of approaches
Organisation needs to make system function in an effective manner so that products and
services will be delivered as per the needs and wants of people (Peng and Lai, 2012).
Administration should implement appropriate tools and techniques so that employees will
perform activities in an effectual manner. Thereby, superior require that members perform their
activities and accomplish targets within specified time frame. This helps company to attain goals
and objectives by adopting appropriate leadership theories and models according to market
conditions.
Situational leadership: Superior require to make transformation and execute modern
tools and techniques in system, so that items are delivered in according to demands of customers
(Burns, 2014). Manager conducts market survey to acknowledge offerings of competitors and
enquire about client’s wants with respect to facilities that should be present in vehicles. This
helps company to enhance the sales and improve goodwill in marketplace.
Contingency leadership: This concept specifies that superior’s functionality depends
upon their characteristics and nature of activities that are to be executed in firm. It is necessary
that leader evaluates internal and external elements through which proper decisions will be made
by the organisation. It is necessary that management designs system in such a way that they will
be able to deal with uncertainties and complex situations in a proper manner.
System leadership: In this theory, it defines that management formulate strategies and
policies through which they are able to make workforce perform activities in appropriate manner.
Superior even require to implement updated tools and techniques in firm, so that resources are
utilised in proper manner and products are in according to requirement of people.
Henceforth, it can be comprehended that superior uses theories according to type, size
and scope of organisation. This action helps employees to accomplish targets and retain clients
for longer period (Slack, 2015).
M2 Strengths and weaknesses of different approaches
Contingency leadership theory

Strength- This is appropriate theory which help superior to have accurate data about
market conditions to make changes in system accordingly. For this, top personnel design system
flexible so that alterations and modifications in tools and tactics are made easily.
or activities which provides benefits of firms activities as well as operations.
Weakness- It is a reactive theory which produces complexities and problems for
management to make employees work in changed environment.
System theory
Strength- This theory is used by Toyota Plc which help company to make changes in
system to conduct activities in according to market conditions. For this, training sessions and
seminars require to be conducted by management to enhance capabilities of members, thereby
make them competent to perform tasks effectively.
Weaknesses- This theory have certain demerit which are related with flexibility which is
limited and affect on organisation functionality.
Situational leadership
Strength- This theory is effective, as system is designed and appropriate decisions are
made by management to execute business activities in according to situations prevailing in
market.
Weakness- This theory has certain demerit which are changes in strategies and system
which require to be made by top personnel to execute operations in respect to market. This affect
on functioning of company and members.
TASK 2
P4 Key approaches to operations management and role of leader and manager in working of
these approaches
In organisation, manufacturing team duty is to carry out activities, so that adequate
products and services are delivered in marketplace. So, operations management plays important
role to regulate and organise system in adequate manner (LaGanga, 2011). It is necessary that
appropriate tools and techniques are used in firm. This help superior to utilise resources i.e.
material, labour and funds efficiently. In Toyota, manager and leader uses operations
management approach so that they deliver appropriate vehicles to people. They require to frame
strategy, have adequate input, make plan, compute expenses and take care that activities are

conducted in effective manner. This help company to enhance market position and position
higher than competitors.
Total quality management: Management distribute duties to members to make them
perform activities in proper manner. They even require to formulate standards and specify it with
staff members. In Toyota, employees have information about benchmarks of vehicles which is to
maintained by them. This help superior to deliver quality items and enhance market image of
company. Thereby, they are able to attract customers and sustain them for longer period.
Just-in-time: It is essential that executive uses resources such as material, manpower and
funds in appropriate way. For this, it is essential that firm has relationship with suppliers. This
benefit company to reduce storage cost and order raw material in according to customer needs
and wants. Besides this, superior are also able to manufacture quality items for people (Large
and Thomsen, 2011). Toyota, manager uses this technique; through which adequate instruments
are used to produce vehicles in according to demands of people.
Six sigma: Superior uses this approach, through which benchmarks are specified to
employees which are to be considered by them at time of carrying out activities. They take care
that products are manufactured as per standards and that there are no defects in it. In Toyota,
management specify details complete information about design, features and components that are
to be incorporated in vehicles. Through this, leader take care that there are no variations and
faults in items. This benefit company to improve sales and profitability by delivering quality
products to clients.
Lean production: In firm, superior uses this concept to manufacture quality products and
services. This help organisation to utilise funds in proper manner and control unnecessary
expenses. Besides this, management even take care resources are used appropriately and there
are no duplication and wastage of material. This help firm to deliver items as per needs and
wants of customer.
Continuous improvement: This approach specifies that superior require to make
alterations in products in according to demand of people . In Toyota, management keep
implementing modern tools and techniques in system in order to manufacture vehicles and make
variations in according to customer's preferences (Laudon and Laudon, 2016). This help
company to enhance sales and profit by providing variety of offerings to people.

Queuing: Superior uses this concept through which business activities are scheduled in
adequate manner. This help them to utilise resources and take care that there is no duplication in
system. In Toyota, queuing approach is used by manager to manufacture vehicles and deliver it
as per wants of people. This benefit company to enhance sales and earn adequate revenue for
business.
Role of manager: In firm, management responsibility is to regulate and conduct adequate
business activities in system. It is essential that tasks are distributed among employees as per
their skills and knowledge. Thereby, conduct training programs to enhance their capabilities; so
that they perform tasks in effective manner (Roles of Manager, 2018). This help Toyota to lower
down production expenses that take adequate decisions, which are beneficial for company.
Role of leader: It is essential that employees are dedicated and motivated towards duties.
This will help firm to make members perform activities in team. In Toyota, leader construct
relationship with workforce, to anticipate issues and problems that are faced by them. Thereby,
provide them adequate solution; so that they function properly and accomplish targets within
specified time.
P5 Importance and value of management operations aspects in company
In organisation, operation management plays important role in regulating and managing
business activities. It is essential that in system adequate tools and techniques are used, so that
production process is undertaken in adequate manner. This help firm to utilise resources such as
raw material, labour and funds in appropriately (Oliva and Watson, 2015). Thereby, products and
services are manufactured in according to needs and wants of people. These are various aspects
of operations management which are used by management in company are stated beneath:
Process design: This defines that management frame strategies and implement tools and
techniques through which firm deliver adequate products and services to people. In Toyota,
administration have framed system in such manner that vehicles are manufactured in appropriate
manner. So, company deliver quality products to people and also provide adequate services to
clients to retain them for longer period.
Capacity management: It describes that management require to use resources in
adequate manner. They should take care that products and services are delivered as per demands
of customers. In Toyota, superior take care that business activities are conducted in according to
fulfil requirement of people and providing them items at reasonable rates.

Control and Distribution system: This aspect describes that superior uses appropriate
technologies in order to take care that firm have adequate amount of input and output available.
So, they are able to manage and regulate business activities; thereby deliver adequate products to
people.
Logistics and inventory management: This concept specifies that enterprises have
connection with intermediaries such as retailers and wholesalers; so that management is able to
deliver adequate products and services to people. In Toyota, superior take care that business
activities are conducted appropriately (Scullion and Collings, 2011). By evaluating performance
of members to ascertain market reputation of company. This help firm to deliver adequate items
to people and enhance sales.
Thus, organisation uses operation management in system through which products and
services are offered to people as per their needs and wants. This benefit superior to enhance sales
and generate adequate profit for business. These are various importance which are as follows:
Better utilisation of resources: Through operation management, superior uses funds,
material and manpower in adequate manner. This help company to deliver products and services
as per need and wants of people.
Maintain quality: In Toyota, management uses tools and techniques through which
adequate vehicles are manufactured which consists quality features and attractive look. This
benefit company to attract large number of people and enhance sales of company. So, superior is
able to generate adequate profit for their business and improve market image.
Enhance productivity: Toyota uses advanced technologies in firm, so superior are able to
deliver adequate products and services to people. This help company to utilise funds in efficient
manner and provide variety of vehicles to customers.
Increase sale and maximize profit: Operation management help organisation to
manufacture products and services as per needs and wants of people. Thereby, deliver items in
marketplace to attract customers and make them purchase in order to attain their requirement.
This help firm to generate adequate revenue for business, by offering innovative and creative
products to them (Voß and et. al., 2014).
Survival and growth: Through operations management, Toyota is able to sustain
customers for longer period and improve its market image by offering quality items. Besides this,

superior can enlarge business by increasing variety of vehicles for people and establishing outlets
in different nations.
Henceforth, it can be comprehended that operations management consists various
components which superior require to execute in system; in order to make system function
effectively. This help administration to deliver quality items to people and retain them for longer
period. Thus, organisation is able to attract large number of customers and generate adequate
revenue for business.
M3 Leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational management
In Toyota Plc, six sigma, lean production, continuous improvement, total quality
management, just-in-time and queuing are various techniques which are used by manager and
leader to conduct business activities effectively. It is necessary that quality products and services
are delivered in market in respect to demands and needs of people. This, help company to
enhance business operations to improve its position and image in market in context of rival
firms.
P6 Factors which exist in business environment and impacts upon operational management and
decision-making
Management require to make system function effectively, so that they deliver adequate
products and services to people (Bazargan, 2016). By examining internal elements to
acknowledge strengths and weaknesses; thereby use resources in such manner that firm offer
items as per customer's needs and wants. Besides this, external components are evaluated to
ascertain market opportunities and threats. This benefit superior to conduct business activities in
appropriate manner. Thereby, by assessing surrounding and making choices that are advantage
for firm.
CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility): This can be considered as a model in which
corporate self regulation is integrated. The policy functions formulated by CSR uses certain
mechanism that ensures that all the activities are followed as per the laws, ethical standards and
national or international norms. Sometimes CSR provides long term benefits or vice versa, thus,
their existence is important as they can have a positive or negative impact on the environment.
Managers of Toyota makes sure that the strategies which they are making are according to the
rules and regulations because this may effect their business operations.