Analysis of Leadership and Management in Toyota's Operations Report

This report provides an in-depth analysis of leadership and management practices within Toyota, a global automotive manufacturer. It begins with an overview of Toyota's organizational structure, highlighting its hierarchical nature and centralized decision-making processes. The report then differentiates between the roles of leaders and managers, outlining their respective responsibilities at various levels of the organization. It emphasizes the importance of leadership in coordinating activities, representing the organization, and communicating goals. The role of managers in hiring, training, and maintaining discipline is also discussed. The report further explores the differences between leadership and management, focusing on their approaches to influence, power, and perspective. Furthermore, the report examines how leaders and managers handle conflict management and decision-making, particularly in scenarios such as launching new products. Finally, it delves into the situational leadership approach adopted by Toyota, illustrating how leaders adapt their styles to suit different circumstances. The report offers insights into the practical application of leadership and management theories within a real-world business context.

Management operations

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
OM is the administration of business practice aimed to ensure to gain highest level of
efficiency within a firm which helps to improve profitability in positive manner. It is
multidimensional aspect which specifically connect with manufacture and produce best
services. Main aim of operation management is to ensure that delivery of commodity should be
in specified time duration by successful turning raw material into finished products.
This assignment is rely on Toyota which is a Japanese international auto mobile
manufacturer firm and it headquartered in Japan. It is sixth largest company in world in context
of revenue. This report is based on grandness of a leader and manager in organisational success.
Further it detailed role and responsibilities of leader with manager in context of Toyota. In
addition, role of leader and manager in OM are analysed with clear differentiation. It also
explains relationship between leader and manager in contemporary business concern to get
desirable results. Respective assignment rely on structure of administration so that according to
that an organisation can differentiate between leader and manager in better way.
TASK 1
1.
Toyota is a international corporation that manufacturers automotive vehicle and it headquarters is
in Japan. In its corporate construction consist of 364,445 employer all over world. It is the sixth
sizeable institution in context of its revenue, it is worldwide second largest business concern in
world wide. It is market leader in sales of hybrid vehicles and encourage towards adaptation of
these vehicle (Boyd and Dougherty, 2016).
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Structure of Toyota:
Toyota adopts hierarchical structure and follow mechanism in handling crisis with ideas
in forward by most effective way. In conflict such as those factors that paralyse productivity but
if deal in effective manner can give constructive results (Ellitan, 2017). Toyota follows rigid
corporate culture and senior based hierarchy in which risk of reacting at slow pace. It has chain
of board of directors of 29 Japanese individuals. So, they have centralised structure and
authorities not delegate in company. All information and data should be dividing in a flow to
increase productivity and enhancement. That structure helps to manager and leader to dispense
functions and responsibilities by accessing their capabilities in better way so that they can
achieve one of their best efforts.
2.
Leader is one who occupy dominant position in its field and control all work with
activities to influence behaviour of others. A leader by motivating others affect others activity to
get better control and achieve desirable outcomes (Eraki, 2015).
On other hand a manager is a job title that is deliver by organization to an individual with
specific roles and responsibilities by identifying capabilities. A manager is responsible for a
department and direct report to employees. A manager accountable for managing various
activities and staff members to get desirable outcomes.
Role of leader and manager:
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There are some specific roles and responsibilities that are accomplished to gain desirable
outcomes. In case of Toyota their leader and manager handle various activities to manage overall
organisation that are as follows:
Required at all level:
Leadership is an attribute that requires at every step of management to coordinate all
work and activities. Toyota follows hierarchical system in which power and responsibilities
passes from top to bottom level (Fan, Liu and Zhang, 2015). In top level it is necessary to
coordinate in plans and policies so that subordinates can clearly understand their task. In Toyota
at middle and lower tier they implement plans and policies which is specified by top
management. Leaders play crucial role in counsel their subordinates at time of execution of
policies.
Representative of organisation:
A good leader is one who have the ability to counsel and become a representative of an
organisation. To build awareness and to communicate about aims and objectives leader have to
conduct seminars, conferences and meetings so proper communication should be maintained. In
case of Toyota while debut a new commodity into marketplace it organises many meetings and
include everyone to get suggestions from them. Toyota Senior consultant leader Akinori Hyodo
conduct various conferences and meeting to communicate in effective way. In case of Toyota
they play crucial role in clarify goals and objectives and then distribute in their subordinates.
Role of a manager:
Manager show very important role in organizational development and improvement by
handle various aspects and then distribute authorities and instructions from a leader (Han and et.
al., 2017). In role of manager includes hiring, training and development and work of maintaining
discipline in organisation. Functional authority and power give them power to exercise control
over various activities. In case of Toyota it gives specific roles and responsibilities to line and
other managers to attain their own and then organisational objectives.
Another role of a manger is to collect data and information by observing and scanning
surroundings, their subordinates and roles and responsibilities (Idris, 2016) In case of Toyota
their managers are responsible for gathering important information in interior and extraneous
environment that impact their business in both affirmative and pessimistic way. The focus of
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managers on auto mobile firm in implying to regulating policies and legislation and to maintain
effective employee relation.
Difference between leadership and management:
Basis of difference Leadership Management
Meaning Leadership is a set of skills
that are used to lead others by
giving specific examples or
influencing their behaviour in
positive way so that they can
attain desirable outcomes.
Management is an art that
helps in systematic planning,
organising and controlling
work and activities to gain
desirable outcome in efficient
way.
Basis Leadership works on basis of
trust on their followers that
follow instructions and
guidelines to gain desirable
outcomes.
Management work on control
of all work and activities to get
effective results in
organisation.
Power Leader use their power to
influence other people to get
desirable outcomes.
Management uses their power
in manage all activities so that
it manages whole activities of
organisation.
Focus on Leaders focus on encourage
other people to accept changes
that occurred in organisation.
Management focus on by
controlling all activities in
effective manner to bring
stability in organisation.
Perspective Leaders have long and good
foresightedness to grab large
no. of opportunities.
Management has short
foresightedness to assume
perspective of organisation.
Characteristics Management in their basis
characteristics is sense that
given their authority.
Leadership characteristics is
strategically focused and rather
than coordinating employees
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through their tasks.
Functions Leadership focus on listening,
building relationship and
inspiring and motivating their
followers.
Management includes function
of planning, organising,
staffing and directing with
controlling.
Leader and manager:
leader is one who help others and themselves to pursue right things by giving right
direction and by build inspiring vision in front of people and create new image and personality in
front of followers. On other hand manager is one who manage or in charge of roles and
responsibilities that the aim of organisation. They guide people who are can give their
contribution in organisational goals and objectives.
3.
Leader is accountable for motivating and directing subordinates to execute task and reach
the desirable outputs. Other side , decision maker are accountable to design and utilize plan of
action that enables Toyota to attain desirable outcomes. There are various circumstances in
administration in which both manager and leader plays crucial role in organisation growth and
sustainability (Ma and Sun, 2012).
Conflict management- conflicts are very much common in every kind of firm that hinders the
self interest of an individual as well as organisation in performing well. In context of Toyota they
faces kinds of problems that hinders in their communication and understanding the things and
events in proper manner. As they deal in kinds of various nations in which personnel comes from
various backgrounds and various languages that sometimes hinders their level of productivity. In
respective situation the manager and leaders plays crucial role as they provide assistance to
employees in performing well.
Handling conflict management-
The first and foremost duty of leader and manager is to manage conflicts in proper
manner as they deliver right kind of knowledge and information to personnel regarding their
efforts towards achieving goals and objectives in proper manner. The major accountability of a
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leader is to find out root cause of the problem and manager directs all employees to eradicate it
maximum level.
The major role and responsibility of a manager and leader is to examine the causes
behind the problem by collecting important insights and information to gain important results.
After getting the proper knowledge and information they able to take some significant decisions
to gain optimum outputs. In that situational leadership style should be used to that can be modify
by managers and leaders according to time and helps in adapt according to situation by manager
and leader of toyota.
Launching a new product
While come into market with the new product and services it is very much important to
conduct proper knowledge and information priorly. In that regards organisation collect crucial
knowledge regarding taste and preference of consumers to gain important outcomes. In that
situation leader and manager have to use contingency theory of leadership which give important
insights in taking important decisions. In such situations leader and manger perform various
functions that are as follows:
 To reach at large no. of consumers organisation plan and organise each and every event
by accumulating necessary knowledge and information to remain always competitive in
the marketplace. In order to they select one of competitive personnel that are capable in
giving their one of best efforts (Pakistan, 2012).
 The first and foremost role and responsibility of a manager and leader is to take some
crucial kinds of decisions in profitability of an individual as well as organisation. They
by accumulating the information regarding finance and resources by applying kinds of
strategies and tactics to gain sustainability in marketplace. It uses situational leadership
theory to deal in different situation to solve problem in organisation.
Assigning roles and responsibilities:
it is one of the important task in an organisation to distribute proper roles and
responsibilities to people who are working with the organisation. In that case leader gives
knowledge about what kind of tasks and responsibilities have in organisation and in that case
role of manager to access skills and capabilities of an individual and accordingly assign work to
them.
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4.
In an administration leader have the capabilities to influences and give guidelines to other
and accordingly take decisions that enables in taking appropriate decisions. Toyota adopts
different practices of leadership to accomplish goals and these approaches of leadership are as
follows:
Situational leadership:
It is also known as accommodative leading form in which leaders can modified their roles
and responsibilities accordant to state of affairs that arise in Toyota. Leader in Toyota adopts
different style of leadership to succeed different circumstances that arise in organisation (Parmar,
2014.). For example, in situation of leading and determiner employees in that leader give
coaching and guidance to their subordinates but in that situation, followers are highly
competitive but they are lack in motivation under that situation leader make strategies and take
decisions and change its leadership style. In that four-leadership style that adopted by leader in
different circumstances that are as follows:
Telling:
In approach states that leader have to give their suggestions and according to that
distribute orders to their subordinates and leader of Toyota follow that approach.
Selling:
In that leadership approach leader and manager take appropriate decision and according
to it dispense roles and responsibilities to their assistant.
Participating:
In that approach of leadership, leader pertain other employer also to give thought and
thought in taking effectual decision.
Strengths:
Management of Toyota create environment in which leaders can comfortably takes
decisions while any situation appears so it gives effective results.
Weaknesses:
In Toyota when a leader faces different and adverse situations it get confused that which
leadership style is suitable according to situation.
System leadership:
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In that type of leadership style which is adopted by Toyota, creates conditions in that
subordinates can create conditions that they can contributes in effectively manner. In that
scenario leader build strategy, design system that enables to predict behaviour of an individual to
perform in effective manner (Plesser and et. al., 2014).
Strengths:
This type of leadership style helps in clarify ideas and thoughts on complex situations
with dynamic environment to build framework that helps in effective results (Tristancho and
Gutiérrez, 2012).
Weaknesses:
This leadership style is lengthy to adopt and complicated in nature and in it there is
interconnection with various parameters.
Contingency leadership:
This theory of leadership states about style of leadership is contingent according to
situation. It focuses on both personality of a leader and situation in that it deals. In Toyota leader
consider best style of leadership in which a leader can give their best (Wang, Jie and Abareshi,
2015.). Leader have various skill set that helps in taken appropriate decision at time of different
situations.
This theory has three characteristics that are as follows:
Leader member relations:
It assist leader in Toyota to maintain healthy relationship with employees at workplace.
That helps in heighten their team spirit and satisfaction level.
Structure of task:
It helps leader to deliver tasks and responsibilities according to individual capabilities and
strengths.
Positional power:
It is the factor that gives both reward and punishment authority to leaders in Toyota to
attain objectives.
Strengths:
In that situation leader have different styles which can be adopted by them in different
situations.
Weaknesses:
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Sometimes leader is ineffective that incapable to deal in different complex situations.
At last it has been concluded that for Toyota situational leadership style is best to cope up with
different situation and it also helps in adopt changes according to circumstances (Wen-chao, Fan
and Wen-wen, 2012). in that situation manager also play crucial role to dispense roles and
responsibilities to get desirable outcomes. In case of Toyota manager and leader plays very
crucial role in organisational development by distributing roles. Manager role is understand
behaviour and give key contribution in different situations.
5.
Managers and leaders play critical role that impacts positively on organisational
development because with help of manager, leader can take appropriate decisions. Manager by
follow instructions and views of leader can get desirable goals and objectives in progress of
Toyota. For example, in Toyota they follow a complete chain of hierarchy in which instructions
and orders should be passes from upper to lower level so that to accomplish their objectives it
proves to be fruitful. In future Toyota can reforms and modify in their rules and regulation in
which everyone can share their thoughts and point of view in front of higher authority so that
they feel motivated and encouraged, so that they can give their best.
TASK 2
1.
In administration operation consist with conversion of raw material into finish products
and services into final goods. It helps in designing, controlling and coordinating different
activities so that desirable results should be achieve. There are some important functions that
should be follow by administration to achieve certain content and objectives (Williams, 2015). in
their key operations are quality management, process and capacity design, designing of goods
and services etc.
2.
Operation management is a system and administration that helps in creating highest value
and practices to increase efficiency level in organisation (Operations Management: Definition,
Principles, Activities, Trends 2019). Main focus is transformation of raw materials into finish
products to get better outcome. There are some key functions of operation management that are
as follows:
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