Detailed Report on Leadership and Management Principles in Vodafone

This report examines the leadership and management practices within Vodafone, a telecommunications company. It delves into the importance of defining objectives, analyzing the impact of decisions, and utilizing valid information for effective decision-making. The report explores different leadership styles, including democratic and autocratic approaches, and their suitability within Vodafone. It also analyzes various motivation theories, such as Maslow's hierarchy, and their application in the workplace. Furthermore, the report covers the manager's responsibilities in planning, coordinating, and controlling operations, along with the role of managers in achieving team objectives and aligning with the company's vision. Performance measurement systems, including key performance indicators (KPIs), are discussed, along with tools and processes for monitoring and reporting business performance. The report concludes by highlighting the differences between outcomes and outputs, providing a comprehensive overview of leadership and management principles within Vodafone.

BUSINESS
ADMINISTRATION
70

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Importance of defining objectives, scope and success criteria of decision to be taken........1
1.2 Importance of analysing the potential impact of decision making.......................................1
1.3 Importance of sufficient valid information to enable decision making................................2
1.4 Relevance of aligning decisions with business objectives, values and policies....................2
1.5 Validation of information used for decision making............................................................3
1.6 Ways to address issues which affects achieving targets and quality standards....................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Difference in influence of manager and leader on their team...............................................3
2.2 Suitability and impact of different leadership style..............................................................4
2.3 Theories and models of motivation and their application.....................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Manager's responsibility for planning, coordinating and controlling operations..................5
3.2 Role of manager in achieving team objectives.....................................................................5
3.3 Manager's contribution in achieving association's vision mission and objectives................6
3.4 Analyse theories and models of management.......................................................................6
3.5 Application of management theories to direct manager's activities......................................7
3.6 Operational constraints imposed by budget..........................................................................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Relationship between objectives and performance...............................................................8
4.2 Features of performance measurement system.....................................................................8
4.3 Setting key performance indicators.......................................................................................8
4.4 Tools, process and timetable for monitoring and reporting business performance..............8
4.5 Use of management accounts and MIS for managing performance.....................................9
4.6 Difference between outcome and output...............................................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Business is the place where number of people are working in order to attain goals and
objectives. There are some specific goals and objectives such as profit maximisation, long term
sustainability, etc. has to be considered by group of people. Hence there is requirement of proper
planning to perform business operations. There are many changes which are taking place in
external environment, so it is essential to convey changes to employees, so they can perform
operations in relevant and appropriate manner (Bolden, 2016). Managers and leaders in
organisation are responsible to guide employees, so business operations can be performed in
specified manner. This report is based in Vodafone which is a telecommunication organisation. It
has headquarter in London, UK. This association was established in 1982. This report covers
principles to lead and manage operations within association.
TASK 1
1.1 Importance of defining objectives, scope and success criteria of decision to be taken
Managers of Vodafone has objective to provide decision making authority to employees.
In this objectives, there is crucial role of managers to guide and lead team mates. This helps them
to perform well and hence there is no delay in working.
Vodafone is one of the leading organisation in telecommunication services, this is
because managers properly convey decision. With this objectives, scope of growth and
development increases. When employees have authority to take decisions, then they well
responsible and in case of any negative results, they are liable. Hence they give their best to get
positive outcome. As there are changes taking place with external environment, so with this
objectives, it is easy to act accordingly. This is relevant for Vodafone development and growth
and achieving personal aims and objectives. This is the success criteria for this objectives and
taking decisions (Brunicardi and et. al., 2014).
1.2 Importance of analysing the potential impact of decision making
With providing decision making authority to employees, it is relevant for taking actions
according to external environment with no delay of time. Employees of Vodafone are also aware
about reason of taking actions and hence they apply application which are suitable according to
circumstances. Importance of this potential impact of taking this decision are-

 Work force are satisfied that of level managers rely them. This helps to motivate
employees to give best, so they will be promoted to superior level.
 Employees of Vodafone tries to give best because they are responsible for outcome.
Hence operational efficiency within association can be attained.
 There are less possibilities of wastage of resources because no employees need not to ask
from top personnel for performing operations.
 Proper management and leadership can be done because decisions has to be taken by
employees according to circumstances, hence managers of Vodafone have to guide and
lead workers for getting best output (Bush and Glover, 2012).
1.3 Importance of sufficient valid information to enable decision making
There is important role of making changes which are important and significant for
making alterations in working style. In Vodafone, managers are thinking to take decisions to
provide decision making authority to workers, hence in this case there is requirement of valid
information to workers. For instance workers have decision making power related to servicing of
machinery, then proper information related to frequency of servicing, time to provide
maintenance, etc. must be considered. With these facts, it is easy to use resources optimally and
hence cost can be maintained.
Proper planning can be done in order to provide relevant justification regarding
performing appropriate information. This helps workers of Vodafone to provide justification
behind conducting particular actions.
1.4 Relevance of aligning decisions with business objectives, values and policies
These days in telecommunication sector, changes are taking place with rapid speed, so it
is important to make decisions according to external market (Champy, 2018). Managers of
Vodafone has to implement some changes which are important and significant for attaining
business growth and development and to compete with other organisations such as BT. With
making decisions according to objectives, then it is beneficial for growth and long term
sustainability of Vodafone.
Vodafone want to maintain long term relations with consumers, they are aware that this
can be done with the help of satisfaction of employees. Hence in this case decision making
power to employees are beneficial and relevant. When employees take decisions, then they will

consider all pros and cons of circumstances which are relevant for getting positive outcome and
hence performance of Vodafone will up to the mark.
1.5 Validation of information used for decision making
Information collected for making decision related to decision making power to
employees, it is important that top level managers has to firstly validate it. This helps to know
positive impact of working and hence actions which can be taken to maintain good brand image
in industry. Validation of information for particular decision can be done as under-
 Decision which is taken is important and relevant or not (Dombrowski and Mielke,
2013). As per view of managers, there is wastage of time in taking approvals from top
level managers of Vodafone. Hence with providing decision making authority is relevant
for attaining better results.
 In current era, employee's turnover rate is high, hence in this case if employees were feel
responsible, then they will work with best and want to remain part of Vodafone. This
decision is fit for the purpose and hence this is significant for making changes.
1.6 Ways to address issues which affects achieving targets and quality standards
In organisation, there are different factors which affects performance of association in
negative manner. Hence there are some ways to deal with these issues-
Commitment- Managers of Vodafone must take security from consumers related to
results or outcomes. This helps to get positive outcome and employees also work to achieve set
targets. This is small step but essential and crucial for development of organisation.
Track mistake- Vodafone deals in telecommunication sector, so it is important to
provide best services for satisfaction of customers. In case of any issue from consumer's side,
then problem must be tracked and proper actions must be taken to improve it.
Organise quality circle- To improve quality of product and services, it is important and
relevant to maintain changes which are significant and relevant for dealing with maintain quality
of services (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). Quality circle must regularly analyse quality of services.
In case of negative results corrective measures has to be used.

TASK 2
2.1 Difference in influence of manager and leader on their team
In general leaders are managers are similar but there is difference in their working style.
They both work to attain aims and objectives for which Vodafone is operating in industry.
In context to leader, they motivate workers to work with new and innovative approach. In
case of negative outcome leader take it as opportunity to learn from failure. Leaders works with
participatory approach, so they make familiar relations with team mates. Hence it is easy to
communicate with each other and possibilities of miscommunication is low.
While managers works as guide for the employees. They avoids risk and perform
operations according to set benchmarks and old techniques (Hechanova and Cementina-Olpoc,
2013). Managers use “Stick and Carrot” approach to make employees work, then in this case,
there is fear in mind workforce, so do not use new and innovative approaches.
2.2 Suitability and impact of different leadership style
There are mainly two types of leadership style used by managers of Vodafone to make
employees work according to desired manner. These style are discussed as under-
Democratic style- In this style, there is importance to employees as well. Managers of
Vodafone provides opportunity to workers, to know their views. This helps to get positive impact
because business operations can be performed with new and innovative approaches. As
managers of Vodafone are taking decisions to provide authority to workers for taking decisions
according to situation. Hence this is the part of democratic leadership. Workers are free to share
their views. This is crucial and relevant for performing operations according to the best way for
development of association.
This leadership is more suitable as per current market trends. There are positive impact of
this leadership because employees are satisfied that they have some aura in organisation.
Vodafone can work with new ideas if they use this leadership (Johnston and Marshall, 2013).
Autocratic style- This is the leadership which is opposite to democratic leadership. In this
leadership, there is no authority to employees for taking decisions. Top level managers of
Vodafone has right to make decisions and direct workers to perform in relevant manner. This
style in not prevalent in current market because changes are taking place with rapid speed in
external market, so set benchmarks are not relevant in such case.

This style is not sustainable for growth and development of Vodafone and it is not
possible to work under this style. This style has negative impact because there are possibilities of
working on set benchmarks and no innovative techniques are used. Hence in this case, Vodafone
may exist from market and loose brand image because of high labour turnover.
2.3 Theories and models of motivation and their application
Motivation is the component which helps to make employees to work in specified
manner. There are different theories of motivation such as Maslow's Need Hierarchy, Alderfer's
ERG, McClelland's, Vroom's expectancy, Adam's equity, Locke's Goal Setting, etc. These are
the theories which helps managers of Vodafone to perform operations for achieving desired
goals and objectives.
In Vodafone, mainly Maslow's theory is relevant. This is the motivation model which
keeps in mind demand of superior level workers as well as subordinates,. So every one is
satisfied. Hence there are less possibilities of dissatisfaction among workforce.
TASK 3
3.1 Manager's responsibility for planning, coordinating and controlling operations
Vodafone is very big organisation providing services across the world, hence there is
important role of manager to plan business operations for achieving on time. There are some
changes which has to be made in working style which assist in attaining aims and objectives on
timer.
Planning- Planning is one of the basic function in management. For instance: managers
of Vodafone are thinking to provide training to workers with the help of on the job method, then
there is requirement of planning source through which training is provide (McCaffery, 2018). In
this context most appropriate and cheap method must be use, so planning for such activities are
required.
Coordination- Coordination can be performed by managers of Vodafone. This is relevant
and significant for maintaining cost and time to complete specific task. There is coordination
among different departments of Vodafone, so possibilities of duplication of activities are less.
Controlling- Controlling means to know whether operations are performed according to
set benchmarks or not. In case actions are not conducted according to set benchmarks, then this
affects attainment of ultimate goals.

3.2 Role of manager in achieving team objectives
Managers plays important role in making changes according to different policies which
are relevant for maintaining changes in working style. It is relevant and crucial for attaining
targets according to external market. Managers has to motivate workers to perform operations
according to external environment, so Vodafone remain in exist in market.
In Vodafone have objectives which are significant for attaining roles and responsibilities,
hence managers must set SMART objectives. For instance managers of Vodafone sets objectives
for launching 5G, then SMART objectives are discussed as under-
S S stands foe specific. In this objective, business operations which has to
be taken are clear and specific i.e. launching 5G services.
M M stands for measurable. This objectives can be measured in terms of
profits and revenues by managers.
A A stands for achievable. This objectives in achievable by teams and
cooperation of different departments.
R R stands for reliable. This objectives is reliable because it can be attained.
T T stands for time bound. This is important component which is setted by
managers of Vodafone.
3.3 Manager's contribution in achieving association's vision mission and objectives
Managers are the people who helps to guide and direct employees which are working in
organisation. There is difference in perception of employees, hence it is responsibility of
manager to provide them knowledge about how working style. Hence, there is important role of
manager in communicating with workers. There are some changes which has to be made in
working style which are analysed by managers and conveyed to workforce. Managers convey
aims, objectives to workers so they operate for attaining them (Morden, 2017).
Vodafone is the organisation which deals in telecommunication sector, hence in case of
any negative review from customers, then managers take corrective measures. Training programs
are planned by managers of Vodafone to upgrade knowledge of work force.

3.4 Analyse theories and models of management
Management is important component for growth and development of organisation. With
the help of management, business operations are planned, coordinate and control business
operations for attaining aims and objectives. There are different types of management models
and theories are as under-
Management model Management theories
Rational goal model was introduced by
Fredrick Taylor (1856-1915). In this model,
there is discussion about roles and
responsibilities of managers for attaining goals
and objectives. It provides knowledge about
performance which has to be considered by
managers in order to work according to
external environment.
Scientific management theory is relevant for
maintaining approaches for performing
operations according to difference in external
environment. In this process, policies are made
for punishment and rewards to workforce.
Internal process model of management was
propounded by Henri Fayol in 1841-1925. This
is important for creating internal cooperation
and monitoring policies within association.
Bureaucratic management theory is
implemented to production department and
human resource division.
3.5 Application of management theories to direct manager's activities
With the help of production department, it is easy to make policies which are relevant and
effective for performing operations in effective and appropriate manner. There are many changes
taking place in external environment, so with the help of management theories proper direction
to workers can be achieved.
Managers of Vodafone use scientific management theory with is crucial and significant
for making strategies according to external environment. Decisions are taken to improve
performance of association (Renz, 2016). With management theories, there is synchronisation in
business operations of Vodafone and hence satisfaction can be achieved.

3.6 Operational constraints imposed by budget
Budget is one of the important and significant aspect which has to be considered by
managers of Vodafone while performing business operations. It is important and relevant for
making changes according to budget.
For instance., there is lack of budget, then in this case there are possibilities of
mismanagement of operations. This affects business operations in negative manner because of
difference in working according to change in policies (Worth, 2018).
Due to lack of resources, Vodafone can not recruit best employees, because there is some
specific cost for training, induction, etc. which is incurred for appointing personnel according to
requirement.
TASK 4
4.1 Relationship between objectives and performance
Vodafone is the organisation which has some specific goals and objectives for which
they are working. It is important to measure performance of workers, so it is easy to analyse
whether performance is up to the mark or not. There is direct relationship between business
objectives and performance measure. With analysing performance it is easy to know whether
aims and objectives can be attained or not.
4.2 Features of performance measurement system
Performance measure system must be relevant for knowing changes which ahs to be
made in operations. With performance measurement techniques, proper result whether negative
or positive must be analysed. Hence feature of performance measurement system are as under-
 performance measurement must approach to goals (Stacey, 2012). There must be some
perimeters on with which actual performance can be measured.
 Performance measurement must motivate and provide guidance to perform operations in
positive and relevant manner.
 Performance measurement must be used to analyse performance. Hence in this case, there
is use of different aspects which are relevant and significant for attaining goals and
objectives of Vodafone.

4.3 Setting key performance indicators
Key performance indicators are the management techniques which helps to analyse
performance of particular key department. In organisation,. There is use of different performance
indicators in different departments such as sales, finance, etc. For instance: in case of sales
department, there is target of achieving specific targets. Hence in this case, sales of specific
budget is KPI. In context of financial terms, performing operations within specified limit is the
main aspect for performing operations.
4.4 Tools, process and timetable for monitoring and reporting business performance
There are some tools which are used to manage operations of business operations. For
instance: there are launching of new combo pack in Vodafone, hence in this case it is
responsibility of managers to take acre of performance of works. In order to analyse performance
of workers tools such as rating on the basis of accomplishing sales targets. This can be
performed by top level managers by setting sales target of around 50 consumers per month.
Timetable for analysing performance of workers are at the end of every month. There is
promotions at every half yearly on performing above the average (Stahl and et. al., 2012).
4.5 Use of management accounts and MIS for managing performance
Accounts department of Vodafone works to maintain proper record of financing of
product and services. Accounts department provide knowledge about different expense,
revenues, incomes, etc. and hence it is important to record changes in appropriate manner and
take actions so appropriate information can be provided to stakeholders.
MIS is used to convey information to various departments. This is important and relevant
for making changes according to external environment. In case there are possibilities of negative
impact, then concern department can be informed with it. Hence this helps to maintain
performance of different departments in Vodafone.
4.6 Difference between outcome and output
There are some difference among outcome and output which are discussed as under-
Outcome are the final results which is the ultimate goal to be achieved. This is the result
which are required to be positive. Satisfaction of consumers are the final outcome of Vodafone.
This helps to improve brand image in industry.

While output are the intermediate result which helps to attaining positive outcome. There
are possibilities of negative output but policies framed to get further positive results. In case of
Vodafone good quality services to consumers are the output (Stewart and et. al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it is clear that leadership and management of business
operations are important and significant for preforming operations. Leaders work with more
innovative techniques as compared to managers. Maslow's need hierarchy theory of motivation is
most relevant because this consider demand of different level employees.