Leadership and Management: Workplace Case Study Report - Unit 4

This report provides an analysis of leadership and management theories and their application in organizations. It begins by outlining various leadership theories such as the Great Man theory, Trait theory, Situational theory, and Behavioral theory, alongside management theories like Scientific management theory and System management theory. The report then compares leadership and management activities in different organizations, using Morrison's and Burberry as examples, highlighting the impact of democratic, autocratic, and transformational leadership styles. Different management approaches, including interpersonal behavior, decision theory, and system approaches, are evaluated for their effectiveness. Finally, the report examines the role of leadership and management in shaping organizational culture and performance, emphasizing the importance of a strong organizational culture for employee engagement and overall success.

Leadership and Management

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
Leadership and management theories and their application in the organization.........................3
Comparison of leadership and management activities in different organizations.......................5
Different leadership and management approaches taken to evaluate their effectiveness............6
The role of leadership and management on organizational culture and performance.................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Leadership refers to the individual to motivate, ability to influences and also enables
other to contribute towards the better organizational culture. As inspiration and influences
leaders from the control, not power and manager. Management which consist a set of entities and
group to accomplish goals and objective in organization. This report will explain about
leadership and management theories and their application in organization. Along with this also
analyse the effectiveness of management and leadership in companies. This task discusses
comparison of two organization examples with different style of management and leadership
approaches and how they are being impacted with taking decision. This report examines the
different leadership and management approaches and the role of both on organizational
performance and culture.
MAIN BODY
PART 1
Leadership and management theories and their application in the organization
Leadership theories discuss, how and why certain individuals become leaders. These
theories which emphasize about behaviours and traits that can adapt to boost own leadership
abilities. Here are some leadership theories such as:
Great man theory-
According to great man, leaders which are born with just right abilities and traits for
leading with having intellect, communication skills, social skills and confidence etc. this could
lead them for working with abilities that can inherent the suggested ability in leading leaders
(Lee, Chen and Su, 2020). In Morrison's organization, leadership which work more towards the
situation which is facing by their team members and keep their focus on team members and
make sure for developing various activities among them. In organization, theory was adopted
with the time because for receiving the military leadership and keep them for working within the
given time. This could also help team members for developing various activities, which are
lacking and keep them attractive for working towards the organization.
Trait theory-
The trait theory is based on characteristic of many leaders and which is used to predict
leadership effectiveness. The resulting about the traits are then compared to those leaders with

potential assess their likelihood of failure or success. In Morrison's organization, this theory
which could keep about the achievement drive a having high level of ambition, initiative, energy
and also having high level of efforts (Olley, 2021). The leaders in organization also required for
working within knowledge of business, emotional maturity, creativity, flexibility and cognitive
ability etc. along with this in organization, this leader which give a detailed knowledge and
understanding about the element process. This also makes sure for having their estimated
concept and preparing them for working with motivated.
Situational theory-
This theory which implies that leadership depends on the situation of hand and ensures
their leadership to the respective situation by assessing variables such as nature of followers,
tasks and so on. In organization this examines about how the leaders that can be exercises within
the particular form of leadership which might be based on the maturity level of having their own
team. Leader, help organization for work with strategies and also make sure for having their
effective working targets (Megheirkouni and Mejheirkouni, 2020). This theory which seems to
based on the particular form of leadership and make sure for maturity level of working within
their team members.
Behavioural theory-
The focus towards specific behaviour and action of leaders rather than, their
characteristics or traits. This theory also suggested about the effective leadership for learning
about new things and make sure for having more estimated concepts and learned many skills.
Morrison's leaders mainly prefer to technical skills in which they think about that knowledge for
process and techniques can be done easily, human skills which help for interact with individuals
and come up with ideas for running the organization or society smoothly.
Management theories:
Manager is person responsible for the motivating and supervising employee and directing
the progress of organization (Todaro And et.al., 2020). Management theories is the collection of
ideas which recommend the general rules about how to manage a business or organization.
Scientific management theory-
It is associated with different strategies from how the business will conduct and
Morrison's will have the executives minimal, for having such things this could lead them for
contact with employee. It was absolutely with having no way for understanding the rules, and

they are only motivated with employee in job security. In this organization can easily influence
about the concrete management process and make the proper use of system.
System management theory-
This keep about for offering the alternative approaches to management and planning in
Morrison's organization. It has the main purposes that business that have the components about
the work harmoniously so that larger system can be easily function optimally (Khashei and
Sabour, 2021). According to this, success and effectiveness of organization that depend on
several key elements and interrelation between various subsystem in organization.
Comparison of leadership and management activities in different organizations
Leadership style which is referred to leader method and behaviour of motivating,
directing and managing some work. A person's leadership styles which determines about how
strategies and those implement plan will expectation for accounting the stakeholder and well-
being of team.
Democratic leadership-
This leadership styles is one of the most effective leadership styles because it allows the
lower employee for having some authority and make need to use wisely future position as they
might be hold (Samimi and et.al., 2020). Morrison's organization which keep the leader to take
boards feedback and thoughts into their consideration, and having their open decision from
voting. Burberry's organization engender the promotion of team and cooperation from employee.
It is also allowed for creativity and help team member to growth and developed.
Autocratic leadership-
In this leadership style, leaders which make the decision without having any input from
anyone who mainly reports them. Morrison's organization cannot sustain such hegemonic culture
without losing their employee. Autocratic leadership in Morrison's which keep them to open for
perspectives and intellect to rest of their team members. In Burberry, these beliefs about the
smartest person at the tables and know more than any other individual.
Transformational leadership-
It is always improving and transforming upon the organization convention, and employee
might be having the basic set of the goals and task as they have created every month or day ( Ali
and Anwar, 2021). In Morrison's organization, this leadership styles which keep about the impact

on their decision-making while by preparing the task on time and manager that can pick up pace
of deadlines or give more challenges to goals and grow with company. Burberry's organization
which keep the highly encouraged form of their leadership among this growth minded and this
leadership styles also help them for risk losing sights of everyone individual learning.
Management approaches that affecting technology, human wants, values and also lead for
attracted the attention with the sociologists, economists, scientists, and business administration
scholars.
The interpersonal behaviour approaches-
Management which involve getting thing to be done through people, these approaches
have mainly concentrate on human aspects of management (Budur, 2020). In Morrison's
organization, this has impacts about on decision-making and also believes that when people who
work tighter to develop objective and people also understand one another. In Burberry
organization have learned process that make more time and may not always be successful.
The decision theory approaches-
The approaches which concentrate on decision-making function and also implement
about impact on organization decision-making power. This could also lead within the focus on
management and decided for achieving about its real challenges before a manager. In Burberry
organization is not only make them with decision but also ensure them for everything which
keeps them for following.
System approaches to management-
It is system which is composed of interdependent and related with the elements forming.
In Morrison's organization it is also viewed about the system that could be made up with several
parts with the form of various departments (Demircioglu and Audretsch, 2020). Burberry's
organization, it takes longer time for update and develop with system software, this also include
about low level language and machine which is being related to activities.
Different leadership and management approaches taken to evaluate their effectiveness
Leadership approaches are having behavioural patterns that the leader can adapt to
influence the behaviour of team members. For example, this could give the direction to
subordinates and motivates them to accomplish the given goals and objective.
Affilimative leadership styles-

This promotes about the harmony and connection among the team members (Doyle,
2019). In Morrison's organization this help team members for solving personality conflicts
between their team members and maintain healthy morale. This could also play the important
role that associate with approaches to leadership in creation of trust relationship. In organization
leaders which mainly keep focus on relationship and collaboration during peak output. For
example, offering help to the colleague that seems to be need the assistance and proactively
helping each other at workplace. It underlines more about that how people can understand and
interest the well-being of individual.
Transformational leadership approaches-
These leaders can bring about the turn things around and also restore the profitability or
try to improve the culture. Morrison's organization leaders which may have the vision for what
customer, or stakeholder need in the future and work to achieve the goals.
Transactional leadership approaches-
This leader which further immediate about the goals and objective and accomplishing
task and doing more about what they say (Van Vugt and von Rueden, 2020). In organization,
they pay the less interest due to changing the status and focused on ensuring that people do their
particular task, as they have hired to do. Morrison's organization transactional leadership styles
which is centred on short term planning and style for keeping employee and creativity stuck
within their present roles.
Management approaches is the techniques which are used to direct and control on
organization. These may be adopted by organization or an individual manager as having the
element for their styles.
The operational approaches-
This approach which give about the view towards the management as an activity and
make sure for having some unique management function. This might be also regards with
process for getting things and done through having more function such as staffing, leading,
controlling and organizing and so on. Morrison's organization which involves more about the
human and material resources and also ensure for working with better estimated sources (Lee,
2021).
The decision theory approaches-

Morrison's organization which discuss the decision-making function of management and
also make their central focus of management on their organization decision-making. It also not
concerned with making the decision but also with everything and precedes with decision and
which lead them for following and make the growth and development towards the organization.
The role of leadership and management on organizational culture and performance.
Leaders that can reinforce values while having people with accountability and this can
influence either having positive and negative which is based on leadership styles and execution
of strategy. Morrison advises more about leader to be deliberate and creating culture where the
employee can thrive (Juliana, Gani and Jermias, 2021). Along with this also failing to build the
strong culture to employee and the bottom line, organizational culture is being important which
keep about the workforce more engaged and provide some benefits to higher employee
engagement such as: higher quality and safety which acts for meeting towards the standards of
quality and excellence. Better work/life balance, greater retention rate, growing profitability,
leader and manager which play the role for developing organization and performance through
improving various skills and strategies among the people working in organization.
The importance of culture- Organizational culture is important as this allows for improve the
workflow and guides the decision making process with having some effective concepts. It also
helps teams for overcoming barriers within their working culture. Having some clear unifies
employees and promotes them within the organized work so that could help them for working
together and ensure them for growth.
The factors that influence organisational culture:
Top leadership principles- This helps the organization leadership for working with teams and
this could also lead within the business affects for the policies. The leader needs to work with
some strategies and trickle down with employee for deliver right results for the organization.
Nature of business- The market and operation of organization have the huge impact on
employee’s behaviour. This makes also lead within the direct impact on organizational culture
and ensure them with how employees feel about their working concepts.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it had been concluded leaders and manager which play the
effective role towards the organization and also make sure for having their growth for

organization. Leadership theories and management approaches keep the organization for
working with more effective manner and impact over the role for their leaders and manager
towards the organization performance and culture.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ali, B.J. and Anwar, G., 2021. Strategic leadership effectiveness and its influence on
organizational effectiveness. International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and
Computers. 6(2).
Budur, T., 2020. Effectiveness of transformational leadership among different
cultures. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies. 7(3). pp.119-
129.
Demircioglu, M.A. and Audretsch, D.B., 2020. Conditions for complex innovations: evidence
from public organizations. The Journal of Technology Transfer. 45(3). pp.820-843.
Juliana, C., Gani, L. and Jermias, J., 2021. Performance implications of misalignment among
business strategy, leadership style, organizational culture and management accounting
systems. International Journal of Ethics and Systems.
Khashei, V.V. and Sabour, A.E.S., 2021. Evidence-Based Approach Through a Critical Look at
Strategic Management Theories.
Lee, N.C.A., 2021. Reconciling integration and reconfiguration management approaches in the
supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics. 242. p.108288.
Lee, Y.D., Chen, P.C. and Su, C.L., 2020. The evolution of the leadership theories and the
analysis of new research trends. International Journal of Organizational
Innovation. 12(3).
Megheirkouni, M. and Mejheirkouni, A., 2020. Leadership development trends and challenges in
the twenty-first century: rethinking the priorities. Journal of Management Development.
Olley, R., 2021. A focussed literature review of power and influence leadership theories. Asia
Pacific Journal of Health Management. 16(2). pp.7-17.
Samimi, M. and et.al., 2020. What is strategic leadership? Developing a framework for future
research. The Leadership Quarterly. p.101353.
Todaro, N.M. And et.al., 2020. Organization and management theories in environmental
management systems research: A systematic literature review. Business Strategy &
Development. 3(1). pp.39-54.
Van Vugt, M. and von Rueden, C.R., 2020. From genes to minds to cultures: Evolutionary
approaches to leadership. The Leadership Quarterly. 31(2). p.101404.
Online
Doyle, L., 2019. Leadership Styles: The 5 Most Common & How to Find Your Own [Online].
Available Through : <https://www.northeastern.edu/graduate/blog/leadership-styles/>

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