Analysis of Leadership and Management Roles in Amazon Operations

This report delves into the roles of leaders and managers within Amazon, a multinational technology company. It begins by defining and differentiating between the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers, emphasizing their impact on Amazon's operations. The report then examines how leadership and management functions are applied in different situational contexts, such as crisis management and the introduction of new technologies. Various leadership models and approaches, including transformational leadership and situational leadership, are applied to these contexts. Furthermore, the report explores operational management approaches like Just-in-Time and their impact on achieving business objectives. Internal and external factors affecting operational decisions are also discussed, providing a comprehensive analysis of leadership and management in an operational setting. This report provides a detailed overview of the content.

Operation and
management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
P1 Determination of different roles and characteristic of leader and a manager...................4
P2 The role of leader and function of manager in different situational contexts...................6
P3 Application of different theories and models of approach to the above situational context .8
P4 Approaches to operational management role of the leader and manager in that..............9
P5 Importance and value of operations management in the success of business objective 11
P6 Internal and external factors which affect operations management and decision making by
leaders ..................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
The concept of operations management is defined as a process that is performed by the
administration department of organisation to maintain the high efficiency and effectiveness in
operations. The process is focus on the conversion of raw material into finished product by the
effective labour and skilled employees. It helps to maintain balance between cost and revenue of
organisation (Abaei, and et.al., 2019). The organisation chosen for this report is Amazon. It is a
multinational technology company. The respective organisation is founded by Jeff Bezosin in
Washington on 5th July,1994 as Cadabra but the name company is changed in 1995 as Amazon.
It focuses on e-commerce, digital streaming to attract their customer. It is the world's largest
online retailer company. In the report roles and characteristics of manager and leader are being
discussed. Different role of leader and functions of manager according to different situational
context are covered in the report. Different theories and modals, key approaches and importance
of operation m,management is mentioned in the report.
P1 Determination of different roles and characteristic of leader and a manager
The role and responsibility of the managers are very diverse in nature as they have their
own set of suites to perform at different level in a business organisation. In relation with
Amazon, the leader sand managers facilitate the business organisation in growth and
sustainability in their operation. They also work to satisfy the needs of customers as well as
retain the staff members of the organisation (Al-Mazrouie and et.al., 2020). The definition and
the different roles and characteristics of leaders and managers in Amazon are mentioned below :-
Basis Leader Manager
Definition Leaders can be characterized
as the most valued person of
an organisation and are
considered in a high regard as
they guide the behaviours of
their followers in the accurate
path. They influence the
employees to deliver their best
A manager is an individual
who is appointed in order to
manage the functions and
operations of the employees
working n the organisation.
Manager regulate the work of
the employees and administer
them to achieve their goals and

potential in their respective
field of work.
objectives effectively and
efficiently.
Roles The primary role of a leader is
to promote unity and
coordination among the
employees working together so
as to derive best performances
out of them (Ar, and et.al.,
2020).
It is the responsibility of the
leader to monitor the actions of
the team members in order to
align their energies towards
the achievement of
organisational goals.
The leader needs to identify
the areas of improvement in
the team and need to work on
the same so as to enhance the
productivity and efficiency of
the team members.
It is the duty of the leader to
guide its followers in an
appropriate direction so as to
enhance their professional
development as well as
personal development.
The manager is responsible for
planning and managing the
operations and works assigned
to employees at the workplace.
Manager communicates the
tasks and duties to the
employees and make sure that
they complete their work on
time.
Manager monitors the work of
the employees and take
corrective actions in case of
any fault or error (Chen,
Gusikhin and Liu, 2019).
The manager allocates the
resources the resources and
ensures that proper utilisation
of resources is carried out
within the organisation.
Characteristics Leaders are honest in nature
and perform their duties and
Mangers are positive in nature
as they are required to persuade

work with integrity and
credibility. They provide
honest feedbacks to the
employees so as to improve
their performance in the long
run (Chen, 2017).
Leaders possess great decision
making skills as they are good
with evaluating situations and
conditions and implementing
the accurate decisions.
Leaders have good
communication and interaction
capabilities and with the
capitalisation of the same they
can increase the competence of
their followers.
and motivate their subordinates
to keep their best foot forward.
Managers are very responsible
as they have to take
responsibility of all the
employees working under
them.
They are also accountable for
the actions of their employees
and needs to take responsibility
of the same.
P2 The role of leader and function of manager in different situational contexts
There are numerous challenges and concerns faced by the business organisations
in competitive business environment. Different situations leads to the emergence of different
challenges. In order to deal and overcome these challenges and issues, it becomes very necessary
for leaders and managers to work in accordance with these situations. Amazon has also faced
various difficult situations while operating in the marketplace. In these challenging situation
managers and leaders needs to come forwards and execute their roles in a defined and productive
manner (De Guimarães and et.al., 2019). Some of the examples of the situations and the roles
defined by the leaders and the mangers are mentioned below :-
1st Situation : Management of Crises

Amazon has been through the situation of immediate crises wherein the stakeholders of
the business enterprise need to bear the consist challenge of reduction in profit ratios in the
business organisation. The effects of the same are termed to be a negative influence on the
organisational strategies and upcoming expansion plans. Leaders and mangers have their
respective duties towards taking control of such situations.
Leader's role in crisis Management
 Leaders can utilise leadership styles such as transactional leadership, behavioural
leadership and transformational leadership in order to cope up with the immediate
crisis (Dias and et.al., 2018).
 Leaders can also enhance the competence of the workers to map the dangers in the-
environment and adapt themselves according to the same. This move can help the
employees to adjust better to the crises and work towards reducing the affects
associated with the same so as to encourage the productivity of business activities and
operations in the business enterprise.
Manager's role in crisis management
 Amazon's manger can implement the response strategies in organisation so as to deal
with the crisis in an effective and efficient manner. Managers can also establish certain
guidelines that needs to be taken under consideration during the period of crisis in order
to control the unnecessary wastage of resources in the respective company.
 Manager of Amazon can also facilitate a new and improved communication system so as
to boost the communication of employees during the difficult times so that they can
immediately report any concern and query without an delay so as to take the action at the
necessary point of time.
2nd Situation : Introduction or modification of Technology or Technological Advancements
It can be characterised as a situation wherein a new or advanced technology is introduced
in an organisation so as to increase more efficiency in the work operations of the employees.
Amazon keep introducing new and improves technological advancement in its technology so as
increase mobility associated with the work and complete the task with enhance accuracy (He,
Chen and Liu, 2018). In order utilise the technology to the maximum, it becomes necessary for

the leaders and mangers to direct the employees and make them learn how to use the technology
in the favour of the concerned organisation.
Leader's role
 In the given situation, Amazon's leaders need to guide the employees and encourage their
willpower to be exhibit understanding towards the implementation of the new
technology.
 Leaders can work to enhance the technological skill set of the individuals working in the
organisation so that they can optimize on the technology without any mistake. Leaders can design and conduct various seminars in order to educate the employees about
the utilisation of the technology and how they can use it for the betterment of
organisational productivity and development (Mandal, and et.al., 2019).
Manager's Function
 Amazon's manager can formulate and develop various policies and procedures in relation
with the introduced technology so as to brief the employees about the usage of the same.
 Managers can also develop reward schemes for the employees in order to encourage
their performance in the organisation so that they can strive harder to achieve greater
heights for the concerned business organisation.
P3 Application of different theories and models of approach to the above situational context
Leadership models and approaches are the key tool to solve the different situation of
organisation along with the selection of effective leadership techniques and style. It is the leader
who has to identify the different situation of organisation and then lead their team according that
situation for over come from it or achieve success on the basis of situational objectives. Their are
some leadership style explain below in context to the Amazon.
Transformational leadership- This approach of leadership is effective in context to the
development of employees with changing situation and techniques so that it can help the
organisation to sustain at the changing and competitive market. This include the leader approach
in the identification needed change and then guidance provided by the leader to their employees
for changing their skills and goals according to the developing world, along with support at every
step of changes creation. Jeff Bezos use this approach in their organisation for implementation
new changing technology's and development of their organisation more effectively with
uniqueness (Massimino, Gray and Lan, 2018).

Situational leadership- This leadership style is very effective for the sort term task and
activities or objectives achievement. Where leader can select the appropriate style of leading
according to the situational requirements. This can be best for the different department and task
leading or management, where leader can analyse the different factors of work pace and then
select the effective leadership style which can best fit with objectives and circumstances. In
context to the Crises management and New Technology enhancement. Leader can make the
market research and external environment factors analysis and then they can plan for team
department task and guidance according to situation for effective result. Amazon is using this
style at the different market situation in order to over come from all challenges and meet the
completive edges.
System leadership- This involve the use of different skills for management of team and
long term goals of the organisation. Through this leadership style leader can make the effective
guidelines and strategics for the accomplishment of long term goal of organisation. This guide
lines has to be explain to employees according to which they have perform their work ( Migdadi
and Omari, 2019). System leadership involve personal learning of task and objectives along with
effective steps then it include intelligent accountability, network collaboration and final
professional training to the workers.
P4 Approaches to operational management role of the leader and manager in that
For the operational management of organisation there are the different approach which
help in the accomplishment of operational task effectively, by the time management, correct
resources allocation, waste reduction and lean production for preventing the extra over storage of
the product. Through these operational management approach work flow done smoothly and
help the organisation to achieve their goal at selected cost (Ramasamy, Sabatini and Gardi,
2017).
Approaches Evaluation
Just in time This approach focus on the accomplishment of
activities and task with in the right time so that
goal can be achieve just in time.
Role of leader- here leader role is to
encourage and guide their team for the

accomplishment of task just in time.
role of manager- manger have to give the
command for task and time deadline, along
with the allocation of every task essential
resources at time of the requirement.
TQM This is the approach which focus on the
manufacturing and processing error. In order to
prevent or remove the mistakes from
operational process. So that in final stage
product and services is can be provided to the
customer with total quality management.
Role of leader- leader have to give the
instructions about every task and quality
measures to their subordinates along with the
guidance at every step so that error is can be
prevented or remove. Amazon should use this
approach in order to make their services more
effective in terms of quality (Tanguay-Rioux,
Legros and Spreutels, 2021).
role of manager- Manger have to monitor the
activities and performance of the workers. In
order to analyse their mistake and improve it
with in the right time. Amazon manager and
leader have to focus on product quality while
selecting the products from suppliers.
Lean production The purpose of this approach is prevent the
waste and reduce the cost of operational
process. This focus on the limited production
of product and services according to
requirements with in the right time, along with

quality assurance. Main aim is to cut the cost
of production by reducing the resources waste,
extra production and storage cost.
Role of leader- there leader have to make the
task accomplishment commitment between
subordinates so that it can be achieve with in
the time. Then leader have to guide them for
the correct use of the resources and techniques
so that wast is can be prevented. Then leader
have to be clear about the present requirement
of the customers by the aid of market research
so that, this information is can be use by the
workers in production effectively.
role of manager- Is to make the proper
production plane and strategics according to
market research and then present it to leader
which can be further use for the team guidance
and support. Resources allocation and monitor
is the most appropriate role of the manager
which has to be done in every approach.
P5 Importance and value of operations management in the success of business objective
Operation management is very important for an organisation to achieve their defined
goals and objectives with specific time period (Vahdatikhaki, and et.al., 2017). It is important for
Amazon administration department to adopt all factors of operation management which plays
essential role in accomplishment of organisational goals. Some are discussed below:
 Increase revenue – Operation management facilitate an organisation to attain their
desired objectives by implementing the process effectively and this is helpful to
increase the sales as well as profit of respective organisation. When the revenues are
increased, the organisation is able expand their business by investing in different eras
and various segments of market. This becomes an opportunity to business to

determine and monitor the market appropriately. Set the target and develop suitable
strategies in order to achieve these targets efficiently.
 Trends in market – With the enhancement of technology new trends are coming in
the current market. They can effect an organisation in positive as well as in negative
way, so they must be consider and adopt suitable one to smooth running in
competitive environment. These trends are responsible for success of organisation.
Amazon should measure current market trends of market and implement them in their
policies in order to satisfy their employees and current as well as prospective
customer. The organisation should focus upon the retention of employees because
they have enough experience to work within the organisation and new employees take
too much time to get familiar with organisation and its function. Old employees have
more knowledge then the new ones, so they can perform task more effectively.
 Increasing sales- Operation management helps an organisation by increasing the
volume of sales. It also provide the information about methods, techniques of
competitors. Amazon use operation management process that helps the organisation to
develop new methods of production and increase sales by adopting various
advertisement tools (Wang and Liu, 2017).
P6 Internal and external factors which affect operations management and decision making by
leaders
PESTEL Analysis of Amazon
 Political factors: Political stability in the US and major powers of the Europe helps
the organisation maintain stable growth rate. This along with continuous support from
various government authorities in expansion of their business is an opportunity for the
company to increase their profits and develop exponentially.
 Economical factors: The recent economic growth of international markets in
developing nations such as India provides the respective company an opportunity to
expand their businesses from urban areas to rural areas of developing nations. This
creates new challenges for the leadership of the firm as foreign markets are extremely
complicated.
 Social factors: Consumers from developed nations such as Britain and US are heavily
dependent on online shopping for purchasing daily use products. The leadership needs