Leadership and Management Report: Operations and Business Impact

This report provides a detailed analysis of leadership and management, focusing on the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers within the context of Jaguar Land Rover. It compares and contrasts their functions, emphasizing their impact on organizational goals and productivity. The report explores how leadership and management apply in various situational contexts, including stable and changing environments, and discusses the application of different leadership theories such as situational, system, and contingency theories. It evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches within a work environment. Furthermore, the report examines key approaches to operations management, including Six Sigma and Total Quality Management, and highlights the roles of leaders and managers in implementing these approaches. The importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives are also discussed, along with an evaluation of how leaders and managers can improve the efficiency of operations management. Finally, the report assesses the impact of business environment factors on operations management and decision-making.

MANAGEMENT
AND OPERATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
P1. Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and manager......3
M1. differentiate between role of leader and the function of the manger..............................4
LO2..................................................................................................................................................5
P2. The role of the leader and function of the manager applies in the different situational
context....................................................................................................................................5
P3. Apply the different theories and model of approach, involving situational leadership,
system leadership and contingency........................................................................................7
M2. strength and weakness of the different approaches to situation with in the work
environment............................................................................................................................7
LO3..................................................................................................................................................8
P4. Key approaches of operations management as well as roles of leaders and managers....8
P5. Importance and value of operations management in order to achieve the business
objectives................................................................................................................................9
M3. Evaluation of leaders and managers towards improvement in the efficiency of operations
management..........................................................................................................................10
LO4................................................................................................................................................10
P6. Assessment of factors of business environment and its impact on operations management
and decision-making.............................................................................................................10
M4. Analysis of different factors..........................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Manager and leader recognised as the critical part of the company because they play an
significant role in the achievement of organisational goals. Manager and leader of the company
has the great impact on the productivity of the firm. Manger manages the work of the employees
whereas, leader influence and direct the work of its team members which results in increasing
the overall profitability and productivity of the firm. The Jaguar Land Rover is the British
multinational automotive company (Grint, Jones and Holt, 2016). It was established in 2008 at
Coventry, United Kingdom. It is the largest car manufacturing company of the UK. Report will
present the role of the leader and manager and also compare the roles and characteristics of the
leader and manager. It also defines the key approaches of operation management and the role
that leader and manager play in the company. Study will also evaluate the relationship between
leadership and management in a contemporary business environment.
LO1
P1. Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and manager
Manager
Managers plays an important role in designing and managing the work of the
organisation in the direction of the pre-determined goals and objective of the company. Manager
also develop and establish the relevant strategies and policies for successfully accomplishing the
organisational goals. Manager also develop the plan for the working of the staff and the
employee with the aim that they perform their respective role towards the attainment of
organisational goal. The manager of the organisation is also responsible towards the planning,
directing, coordinating and controlling the business operation of the firm. The main role of a
manager in the organisation is to accomplishing the end result of the firm (Shamir and Eilam-
Shamir, 2018).
Leader
leader is a person who influence his team members towards attaining the desired level of
outcome. Leader is the person with a vision which inspires his followers in such a manner in
which it becomes their vision. It also helps them in making the strategy to accomplishing the
business objective of the firm through motivating the employees, creating teams and developing
trust among the stakeholders. Leader motivate employees through their leadership and

communication skills towards the vision of the company. Leaders are responsible for improving
the performance of the employee which can be possible only through inspiring and influencing
the behaviour of the employees (Rosenbach, 2018).
Difference between manager and leader
The role of the manager and leader are considered as interchangeable bit they have the
difference between the function which are performed by the manager and leader in terms of
getting work done from employees. The main difference between as in the organisation manager
perform the role in terms of setting the objective as per the vision and mission of the company
whereas, the role of leader is to communicate the vision to the employees and directed them in
the way that the companies vision become their vision and employees follow the guidelines
which are provided by the leader(Wong, 2015).
M1. differentiate between role of leader and the function of the manger
Manager Leader
 Manager set the mission and objective
of the company.
 Manager helps in creating the ideas for
the betterment of the organisation.
 The planning, directing, and
controlling is the major functions of the
manager in the organisation.
 Manager also communicate the
company’s policies to the leaders.
 Leaders accomplish the organisational
goal which is developed by the
manager.
 Leader also implement the ideas in the
business operations in terms of reality.
 Leader plays an important role in terms
of inspiring the employees at the work
place.
 Leaders influence and communicate the
policies to the employees for work
accordingly.
The concept of management and leaderships been depicted whereas, analysis of roles and
responsibilities for the management strategy in evaluation of the outcome. The differentiated
roles and responsibility of the leader and manager in the manager plays an important role in
enhancing the growth of the Jaguar Land Rover (Wong, 2015).

LO2
P2. The role of the leader and function of the manager applies in the different situational context
The role of leader and function of management constitute the Jaguar Land Rover
company for the improvement and changes in business activities of the firm for various type of
traits and characteristics of leadership in the functioning of the management. It includes three
situations such as stable situation and slow to moderate changing situations (Bosworth, 2016).
Stable situation: in this situation Jaguar Land Rover company will not prone to any
further changes which influence the organisational goal and maintain stability of results. For
example, if in the market of the Jaguar Land Rover company, there is not arises any change
which involves inflation and recession, then the situation will be stable which will not be
affected to the organisation. In this the organizing function of management maintain the
coordination among the various business operations of the Jaguar Land Rover company (Kerns,
2015). The leaders also play an important role in supporting the employees which results in
reducing the stress and frustration of the employees as well as increased productivity.
Slow to moderate changing: Jaguar Land Rover company adopts the slow to moderate
situation in the organisation objectives. It includes various handling methods and precaution to
safe guard the purpose of the firms' benefit. In this situation, the planning function of the
manager used the various planning techniques which includes budget allocation, availability of
workforce and utilisation of resources for achieving the desired level of results (Christensen,
Lægreid and Rykkja, 2016). The leader also plays an important role in terms of supporting the
managerial activity through communicating with other employees and staff members for
reaching the desired level outcome of the Jaguar Land Rover company.

(Source: Management Structure, 2019)
The management structure defines in what manner activities such as allocation of task,
coordination, supervision is directed towards the achievement of organisational aims. This
Illustration 1: Management Structure

structure affects the organisational action and provides the foundation on which standard
operating routines and procedures are test. It also determines where individuals get to participate
in which decision-making processes, and thus to what extent their views shape the organisation's
plans.
P3. Apply the different theories and model of approach, involving situational leadership, system
leadership and contingency
Situational leaderships
this theory is practised by the Ken Blanchard which initiate the organisational behaviour
and working for the behaviour. The Jaguar Land Rover company adopts the situational theory for
the evaluation of the various situation in terms of recommending the various action which are
taken for the forces. It applies in the Jaguar Land Rover company through the performance
readiness method. The operation management of the Jaguar Land Rover company can be
affected through this kind of leadership as the leader of the firm adopt different type of style
according to the situation (Moye, Mueller‐Hanson and Langfred, 2017).
System leadership theory
This theory emphasises on the concept and convention which includes two actions such
as active and passive system. It includes the phenomenon of the organisation which prevails
various system of the business. In the Jaguar Land Rover company employees are motivated due
to the result of the worldwide extent. After applying this theory leaders control the working of
the employees and communicate the current situation of the Jaguar Land Rover company and
make the employees to work according to the requirement of the company (Meuser, 2016).
Contingency theory
This theory explains the influence of the organisation purpose due to the decision taken
by the management. This theory applied in the Jaguar Land Rover company which influence the
decision handling system which is taken for the aspects the relative to the current position. It
explains that there are specific situational factors that can affect the direct relationship between
dependent and independent variables in the study of Jaguar Land Rover business behaviour
(Kerns, 2015.).
M2. strength and weakness of the different approaches to situation with in the work environment
The strength of various approaches such as situational, system and contingency
leadership theories as it empowers the leadership style and maximise the returns of in terms of

increasing the profitability and productivity of the Jaguar Land Rover company. It also maintains
the stable work environment in the organisation which results in higher productivity (Miner,
2015). All of these approaches also have weakness such as controlling system which affect the
productivity of the firm. It also increases the number of competitors and produce fluctuation in
the demand.
LO3
P4. Key approaches of operations management as well as roles of leaders and managers
Key approaches of operations management along with roles of managers and leaders are as
follows:
six sigma – this is one of the most important approach of operations management and
focus strictly on the quality. In six sigma, 'six' which means the control limits which in turn has
been place at six standard deviation from the normal distribution mean (Slack and Brandon-
Jones, 2018). When a company adopts six sigma projects then it has to follow a well-defined
process along with the financial targets. Financial targets can be achieved through reduction in
cost or increase in profits. Major tools that are used in the six-sigma project are trending charts,
ratios, calculations, etc.
Roles of a leader and manager
There are two important roles of the leader of a Jaguar Land Rover. The major role of a
leader is to recognise six sigmas as a management strategy rather than using it as a tool. Another
important role of a leader is to communicate the importance of six sigma to the employees, so
that they make the best use towards the attainment of the objectives of the company.
Even there are two important roles of a manager of Jaguar Land Rover with regards to six
sigmas. The first role is to invest in trained and experienced six sigma resources. While on the
other hand, the manager should also ensure in reducing the cost which is essential in order to
earn high profit margins.
Total quality management – it may be defined as a system of management which is
concerned with ensuring that the high-quality standards are maintained in the operations of a
company. This can be achieved if and only if all the members of staff remain committed towards
maintaining high quality standards. It is very important for Jaguar Land Rover to ensure that total

quality management in the business operation in order to run the business smoothly in the long
run (O’Neill, Sohal and Teng, 2016).
Roles of a leader and manager
the most important role of a leader is to coach the staff members while on the other hand,
the most important role of manager would be to direct the workforce regarding the use of total
quality management.
Just-in-time: this method of operations management is basically concerned towards the
proper management of the inventory. This method is used in order to ensure that materials are
received and ordered as the demand arises in the production process. The basic objective behing
this, is to ensure that there is neither shortage of inventory nor excess inventory.
Roles of a leader
Leader plays a vital role towards ensuring effectiveness so that the objectives of the
company are achieved smoothly (Hill and Hill, 2017). While on the other hand, managers play a
vital role in ensuring efficiency in the management of operations.
P5. Importance and value of operations management in order to achieve the business objectives
There are various advantages of operations management which contribute a lot towards
achievement of business objectives effectively and efficiently. These advantages are as follows:
Survival – by maintaining efficient operations management jaguar land rover would be
able to survive for a long duration of time in this entirely competitive environment (Reid and
Sanders, 2015). Apart from survival, the company would be able to grow its operations if it
manages its operations efficiently.
Profit maximisation – the most important advantage of operation management is that it
contributes in maximising profits. If jaguar land rover manages to improve its productivity, it
would be able to generate maximum profits in the available circumstances. Profit maximisation
is very important in order to run the business smoothly towards the attainment of its objectives.
Satisfying customers – by managing the operations, company would be able to serve its
customers in the best possible manner as well as it would also play a vital role in keeping the
customers satisfied. The company can achieve this by taking utmost care about the taste and
preferences of the customers. Hence, this will help the company towards attainment og its
objectives effectively and efficiently (Ketokivi, 2016).

M3. Evaluation of leaders and managers towards improvement in the efficiency of operations
management
Efficiency of the operations management can be improved by taking into consideration
various rules and regulations of the businesses. It is important for the purpose of eliminating
complexities in the operations of business by avoiding attraction of unnecessary government
restriction.
Even emphasis should be made to control the quality to as to improve the ability of jaguar
land rover (Cheng, 2017). Furthermore, strong control on the inventory should be ensured in
order to avoid shortage and excess of inventory at a particular point of time.
LO4
P6. Assessment of factors of business environment and its impact on operations management and
decision-making
There are 5 major factors of external environment which have a strong impact on the
operations management as well as decision-making of leaders and managers. These factors are as
follows:
Economic factors: it is one of the most important factor that need to be considered in
order to achieve the business objectives effectively and efficiently. Economic factors include
factors such as growth rate, interest rate, exchange rate, employment rate, etc. When it comes to,
jaguar land rover; the company has been drastically affected by the various economic factors in
the recent years (vom Brocke, Zelt and Schmiedel, 2016). The basic reason behind this was the
slow grate rate of the economy. This in turn has even affected the decision-making of leaders and
managers as they had to decide how they can come out of this mess as soon as possible.
Social factors – social factors also play a vital role towards the achievement of business
objectives effectively and efficiently. These factors include lifestyle of people; their attitude,
values, cultures, etc. When it comes to Jaguar land rover, it is found that they are largely
influenced by these factors and hence for this purpose, they have to keep or maintain their
operations up-to-date. They also influence the decision-making of leaders and managers as they
have to take strong decisions regarding creation and maintenance of excellence.
Legal factors – it is very important to take into consideration legal factors in order to
achieve the business objectives effectively and efficiently. These legal factors comprises of

statutory rules and regulations that need to be followed in order to avoid unnecessary
government restrictions which may increase the complexities in working. Jaguar land rover
makes sure, that the company takes into consideration these legal factors in order to maintain and
build its grand image. Furthermore, managers and leaders have to take decision regarding
imposition of these rules and regulations within the company.
Technological factors – it is very important for every business organisation to remain
updated with technology in order to survive in this fast-changing world (Hamilton and Webster,
2018). If any business firm fails to remain updated than it would lose its market share and would
be swayed away by the rivalry firms. jaguar land rover makes sure that it undergoes constant
innovation by investing huge amount of funds in its research and development department.
Moreover, the managers and leaders have to take decision on motivating its employees to
adopting changes and implement innovation in their processes or procedures.
Political factors – political factors include factors such as political stability or instability,
rules and regulations of political party in power. Political stability is very important for every
business organisation in order to run its business smoothly. jaguar land rover is taking into
consideration these political factors deeply in order to expand its car manufacturing factory
efficiently without any barriers. Hence, leaders and managers have to ensure that the political
stability is maintained in the economy (Saleem, 2015).
M4. Analysis of different factors
Analysis of these factors is important in order to know about positive and negative
aspects of each and every element. When it comes to the company, economic factors have
affected the business of the company negatively because of slow growth of the economy. But on
the other side, company has made huge investment in its research and development department
in order to gain competitive advantage over other firms by bringing in innovation.
Moreover, company has even laid emphasis on political, legal and social factors in order
to achieve its business objectives effectively and efficiently. These factors would not only have
an impact on the business organisation but would also have an impact on the community in large.
Since every organisation is a part of community, it will have an influence over them.

CONCLUSION
The above study has been summarised with that the manager and leader is the key
success factor of every industrial establishment because the manager plays an important role in
managing the activity of the organisation effectiveness through enhancing the strategy for
effective communication with the employees for accomplishing the organisational goals
effectively. The leadership is the practical approach for improving the abilities of the employees
and also influence them towards the attainment of the desired level of outcome. The operation
management also plays an important role in enhancing the overall performance of the firm
through enduring the activities which regulate the market efforts and also provides the services
according the requirement of the employees.