Analyzing Organizational Behavior in 4com Plc: A Comprehensive Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organizational behavior within 4com Plc, a leading telecommunications and media company. It begins by examining the impact of culture on organizational behavior using Charles Handy's model, exploring power, task, person, and role cultures. The report then delves into motivation theories, including content and process theories, and identifies techniques to improve employee effectiveness and increase motivation levels. Furthermore, it discusses different types of teams within 4com Plc, analyzing team development models like Tuckman and Jensen's, and explores organizational concepts and theories for team performance. The report also addresses barriers to effective performance and the positive and negative impacts of organizational behavior concepts, concluding with a summary of key findings and recommendations for 4com Plc.

ORGANISATION BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................3
P1 Handy’s cultural approach to understand the impact of culture, power and politics on
organisation behaviour within the 4com Plc. .............................................................................3
M1 Critical analysis ...................................................................................................................5
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................6
P2 Theories of Motivation .........................................................................................................6
Motivation techniques to improve effectiveness and ways to increase motivation level in
4com Plc......................................................................................................................................7
M2 Debate...................................................................................................................................8
Task 3 ..............................................................................................................................................8
P3 Different types of teams within 4com Plc..............................................................................8
Effective team in 4com Plc with respect to Tuckman and Jensen’s model . .............................9
M3 Team development theories................................................................................................10
TASK 4 .........................................................................................................................................11
P4 Organisation concept and theory for team performance .....................................................11
Barriers to effective performance in 4com Plc.........................................................................12
M4 Positive and Negative impact of concepts of organisational behaviour ............................13
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour refers to the nature and characteristics of employees working in
an organisation. It defines the manner in which they communication within the workplace. The
present report is in context to 4com Plc which is a leading telecommunication and media
company in UK. This study will identify the significance of organisational culture in the
organisation. It will also include description of various motivational theories and techniques of
motivation that helps in improving employee performance (Mohammadi, Soleymani and
Mozafari, 2016). It is very important for 4com Plc to encourage their performance for achieving
better performance. Furthermore, the report will also determine various teams in the chosen
organisation that performs various necessary functions in the company. In addition to this the
different leadership theories which can be used for managing employees in the organisation will
be also discussed in this report along with the various factors and challenges that affect the
effectiveness of functions performed by 4com Plc.
TASK 1
P1 Handy’s cultural approach to understand the impact of culture, power and politics on
organisation behaviour within the 4com Plc.
Culture plays an important role in an organisation to achieve business goals and success.
The Charles Handy’s model can be used to understand culture of 4com Plc in a better way. Every
company or organisation is a planned and designed structure in which various individuals come
together for achieving a common goal or objective. According to this model there are four types
of culture as described below –

1. Power – In some organization there are managers and directors who have power to take
important decisions. These individuals are very essential for the company or workplace
and are known as decision makers. In organization, power gets higher authority and
decisions made by them are respectively accepted as well as followed by other employees
working in the organization such as 4com Plc (Zhang, Shah and Papageorgiou, 2016). In
order to improve culture of the company 4com Plc give power of decision making to the
managers and directors that helps in controlling and managing employees as well as its
business operations to achieve growth and development. But there are some issues related
to this culture of power as managers can get partial sometimes and conflict situation can
arise in the organization. The power culture greatly affect each and every individual
working in 4com Plc, as decision-making power is in the hands of superiors. It often
creates a dissatisfaction and demotivate employees. And this lack of motivation leads to
declined performance of overall organization.
2. Task culture - In each and every organization, teams are developed for achieving specific
goals and objectives effectively. The management utilizes task culture for solving various
issues and challenges. In 4com Plc, employees have a common objective for which they
perform various functions and activities. It also helps them to learn and develop new
skills within the employees leading towards enhanced performance and productivity.
Each and every employee provide extra efforts to accomplish a task, this process also
assists in creating a friendly business environment in the organization. In this kind of
culture, individuals contribute equally and achieve an objective in an innovative manner.
In this culture more importance is given to tasks or activities of a business. Therefore,
performance of the employees and organization gets improved.
3. Person culture – In some companies, individuals feel that they are not much important as
compared to their organization. Such organizations follow a culture known as person
culture. In this kind of culture, employees focus on their facilities in a great way
(Bahmani-Firouzi and Azizipanah-Abarghooee, 2016). The employees are much
obsessed about their needs, wants and esteem. The employees within 4com Plc are not
that much satisfied and happy but there are many top level managers who keeps the
company at first priority.

4. Role culture – In this culture, each and every employee are allocated different roles and
responsibilities with respect to their interest, skills, qualification and abilities. In 4com
Plc, the people with higher authority or position are capable of doing better tasks and
perform effectively. On the other hand lower employees are not much capable of
understanding their roles and responsibilities. So, to bring the changes in culture, it is
very important for 4com Plc to specify roles of the employees. Once each and every
individual is aware of his or her role, it gets easy for them to perform well.
5. Politics - It is the major cause of clashes in the administration. Politics can be between
the employees. Employee who plays politics at the workplace pays less attention to their
work. Such kinds of employees are more interested in leg pulling and back biting. Due to
such issues, organisation is not able to make working environment in organized way.
More politics in business environment bring negative traits within the organisation
culture. Therefore, then new director of 4com Plc needs to take decision to bring various
changes in the business culture. To develop the business growth power, there will be less
politics in 4com Plc.
Various cultures will influence the behaviour of the employees, some positively and
some negatively for example task culture will bring the employees together. Through this
culture each and every employee in 4com Plc can share their knowledge and skills with each
other. In addition to this, the employees in the organisation are not much satisfied with their
job culture and environment of the organisation. The main reason for this is the changing
directors and top level individuals in the company.
Culture followed within 4com Plc.
4Com Plc generally follows role culture by allocating duties and responsibilities to each
and every individuals on the basis of their skills and abilities. This helps in optimum and
effective use of human resources on the company. The company recruits most suitable
candidates for a specific position and when a task is performed by most skilled employee
performance of overall organisation increases.

M1 Critical analysis
There are various culture which can be followed in an organisation, this theories or
concepts are different from each other. It is important to select the best organisational culture in
order to develop a good working culture and improve the performance. These cultures can
develop a conflict situation in the organisation as well as improve the working environment is
implemented successfully.
TASK 2
P2 Theories of Motivation
1. Content theory – This theory of motivation determined various needs of human beings, it
describes the significance of changes over time. It consists the concept of Abraham
Maslow and David McClellan. The content theory explains particular elements or factors
that motivate behavior of employees (Jin and et.al., 2016). This theory has been
recommended by many scholars and psychologists such as Abraham maslow According
to Maslow, each and every employees has various needs which has to be fulfilled these
needs are described as below –
 Psychological needs – These needs are the most essential necessity of individuals
working in an organization such as 4com Plc. Basic needs of employees includes food,
shelter and clothes. Satisfying these needs can be very effective to motivate employees
and encourage them to give full efforts in accomplishing specific tasks or activities.
 Safety needs – Safety and security is another important need of every employee working
in an organization. Individuals needs that they work in a safe and secure business
environment without any risk or harm. 4com Plc should ensure that they are providing a
safe and secure workplace or jobs so that employees can perform better. Female
employees should be provided special security and safe facilities so that they work
without any restrictions.
 Social needs – Employees working in an organization also needs to give time to their
friends and families, proper shift timings, benefits to family members etc can help to
fulfill social needs of the employees. It helps them to achieve a job satisfaction.

 Esteem – In today’s world employees also needs respect from employers and colleagues.
Providing or honoring employees performance with higher position or designation can
helps in motivating them and increases their efforts to perform their roles and
responsibilities.
Positive and Negative aspects of Content theory
The positive aspect of this theory is that it helps in motivating employees easily, as needs
of employees can be easily fulfilled by incentives or bonuses that does require any additional
efforts to be developed. On the other it also has negative aspect which implies that this theory is
highly dependent on incentives that requires consistent supply of incentives
2. Process theory – This theory describes how an entity changes and develops. It focuses on
determining how things happen in a company. Process theory states that providing
responsibility or important task to an employee motivate him or her to give more efforts
to complete it. There are two main theories of motivation, Expectancy and Equity theory.
Expectancy theory also called Valence-Instrumentality-Expectancy Theory or VIE
Theory is associated with Vroom, Porter & Lawler, it suggests that effort is connected to
the desire for a specific result and moderated by an evaluation of the probability of
success. Adam's equity theory implies that in return for an input of effort, skills or
production the employees receives and result expressed in terms of any combination of
status, salary and benefits.
Positive and Negative aspects of Process theory
The positive aspect of this particular theory is that is motivates an individual by providing
self esteem and dignity. He or she also get a good position along with responsibilities. It also
plays a major role to improve their performance. On the other negative aspect of this theory is
that it is can develop pressure on the employees due to specific responsibility.
Motivation techniques to improve effectiveness and ways to increase motivation level in 4com
Plc
There are various methods that can be used to encourage employees in increasing their
performance and productivity. Through the motivation, employees will give their extra efforts to

company. Increasing motivation in organisation can assist to improve performance and boost
productivity. Various motivation methods are described as below –
1. Effective communication with staff – Communication plays a vital role in the motivating
employees within an organization. Employer can develop good relationship with
employees through communication skills (Zare and et.al., 2016). In 4com Plc new
director or manager develop good relationship with the employees through effective
communication. It helps to encourage the employees and to determine their issues and
thinking. Good communication helps individuals to share their problems with the top
level managers which help to resolve conflicts or issues within the company.
2. Share organization vision and mission with each member – In order to improve the
performance of employees in the organization 4com Plc needs to share vision and
mission of the business to each and every individual respectively so that effective
strategies can be implemented to achieve organizational goals easily. It motivates
employees within to organization to put significant efforts in their roles.
3. Positive working environment – Healthy and positive working environment helps in
improving performance of the employees. 4com Plc can increase the productivity of the
workers by providing a good workplace environment to them, employees should feel safe
and stress free to perform their tasks effectively and efficiently.
4. Giving more responsibility to employees – 4com Plc can encourage or motivate
employees by giving them responsibilities, this makes them feel more valued in the
company (Radnore and et.al., 2016).
5. Offering incentives and other rewards – Monetary benefits plays an important role in
motivating employees in an organization. 4com Plc can develop a attractive reward
system to their employees which can help them to get motivated and improve their
productivity. Incentive can be offered to the employees according to their performance
and efforts which can be useful to encourage them.
M2 Debate
There are techniques for motivating employees in an organization such as Effective
communication with staff Share organization vision and mission with each member, Positive
working environment Giving more responsibility to employees, Offering incentives and other

rewards. These techniques can help 4com Plc to encourage the employees and improve their
performance.
Task 3
P3 Different types of teams within 4com Plc
There are various kinds of teams in every organisation or business that helps in achieving
success. These teams perform their respective roles and activities for obtaining the organisational
objectives and goals. Different types of teams in the chosen organisation can be describes as
below –
1. Functional team – Each and every organization has a team or employees which perform
various types of functions. A Functional team is a group of individuals with a common
function and goal. This team is further divided into three parts, working team, functional
work team and cross functional work team. As he finance team is responsible to manage
the books and accounts of a company. It records and manage all the data or information
related to finance and reporting of the organization. Other team is the Human resource
management team which is responsible to manage human resources or employees in the
company. It also analyzes their performance and resolve issues related to them.
2. Virtual team – A virtual team plays an important role in the success of a company or
organization, this team communicate digitally rather than personally. Virtual team
interact with employees using online methods such as email, social media platforms etc.
These types of teams are using technologies, conference and seminars to communicate
with the employees. There are two types teams as describes below –
 Local virtual team – This team maintain virtual team working and organize employees
into productive remote group of individuals.
 Global virtual team – Member in this team are located in different regions, cities or
countries all around the world. Through this team, organization such as 4com Plc can
attract many customers from different part globally. These teams help in increasing the
productivity of the business (Wakui and et.al., 2016).
 Problem solving team – This a temporary team I 4com Plc, it comes from different
departments and performs different roles and responsibilities. Team members in this team

collect information from manages of various departments and analyze any issues or
challenges in that department. After analyzing they try to resolve that challenges
identified using various strategies developed by communication with the top level
managers in the organization
Effective team in 4com Plc with respect to Tuckman and Jensen’s model .
Team productivity and performance helps in improving the behaviour of employees in
4com Plc, the effectiveness of the team depends on the leadership quality and organisation’s
behaviour. Teams perform effectively and with highest level if there is a good relationship
among the employees and management. Each and every team in an organisation is important
because they help in achieving business goals, growth and development. The Tuckman and
Jensen model of team development can help in understanding the various stages of team such as
–
1. Forming stage – This is the first stage of this model, according to this stage teams are
formed on the basis of their competencies and the different skills among the employees
for specific task or business operation. Some employees feel anxious due to lack of
understanding related to the tasks they need to perform. Therefore, leaders play important
role in this stage by developing a good relationship with the team members through
effective communication.
2. Storming stage – In this stage many teams faces challenges and difficulty to move to the
next stage. In this stage team members may get dissatisfied with any other employee at
any point of time. Each and every employee has different ideas, thoughts and cultural
values that create unexpected issues and conflicts within the team.
3. Norming stage – This is the third stage of development in which issues and conflicts are
resolved. In norming stage good bond and relationships are developed within the team
members or employees. The coordination is established and team members work with
unity. Due to strong bond and relation employees develop effectiveness and efficiency in
their functions that leads to increased performance of the entire team or organization.
4. Performing stage – Once the norming stage is completed, employees reach to performing
stage. In this particular stage employees are in the process of development. Leader plays

an important role to motivate employees in this stage. Motivation is important for the
members of a team to perform better with dedication and efforts.
5. Adjourning stage – This is the last or final stage of team development process. In this
stage the objective or purpose of the team is fulfilled effectively and efficiently.
Key factors creating an ineffective team
Ineffective team refers to a group of individuals who are not that much successful and
face a lot of challenges and issues in the achievement of goals and objectives. There are various
factors that leads to an ineffective team such as -
 Improper access to information and other resources such as lack of technology in the
organisation.
 Improper support and motivation by superiors or managers such as partiality or
discrimination.
 Improper training and development programs
Comparison between effective and ineffective team
Effective Teams
1. The Work of objective of the group is
well understood and recognized by the
members.
2. There is a lot of discussion in which
almost everyone participates, but it
remains pertinent to the task of the
group
Ineffective Teams
1. From the things which are said, it is
difficult to understand what the group
task is, or what its objectives are.
2. A a couple of individual tend to
dominate the discussion. Rarely their
contributions are way off the point.
M3 Team development theories
Tuckman and Jensen’s model is an effective team or group development theory that
helps to bring individuals together to accomplish a specific goal or objective. The above model
or theory describes that to develop effectiveness in teams within 4com Plc, the management
needs to focus on each and every stage. Motivating employees or team member at every stage is
very useful to enhance performance and productivity of the organisation.

TASK 4
P4 Organisation concept and theory for team performance
Path goal theory is completely based on style and behaviour of a leader, the main aim of
this theory is to improve performance of the employees though motivation. Using this approach
4com Plc can enhance satisfaction as well as motivation level among employees which leads
improved productivity of a company or organisation. This theory will describe the ways in which
a leader can support his or her followers for successful achievement of goals and objectives. Path
goal theory is based on the three basic steps as described below –
Determine the characteristics of employee and environment – Employees believes that the
behavior of leaders is based upon on their desire such as desire of control, structure of team they
need etc (Deihimi, Zahed and Iravani, 2016). If leaders put more pressure on employees or
dominate them the members of a team or organization gets de-motivated. Therefore, it is
essential for leaders to understand their employees. Task and environment characteristics are also
important to be understood. This theory focuses on overcoming challenges or issues in a task or
activity. Leaders need to analyze and identify the best way to overcome any type of issues that
comes in between the team efforts and their objectives or goals. Steps of leaders to avoid
obstacles are as discussed below –
 Design the task – It is a major responsibility of a leader to design the task for the
employees so that they understand and perform it in a better way.
 Formal authority system – The manager or supervisor can provide clear objective or
goals depending upon the task authority.
 Work group – If the team is non-supportive, the leader needs to be strict or cohesive.
1. Leadership style
 Directive – A leader as responsibility of guiding his or her followers directly. They
inform the method or way to perform a specific task, its scheduling and coordination
among the employees or members of the team. It help employees to understand and
perform a task in a better way, therefore, leaders in 4com Plc should ensure that they are
directly associated with their followers or employees.

 Supportive – In this type of leadership, leaders make a friendly approach to build good
relationship with the employees. He or she support employees in performing a task or
activity that helps in developing a good workplace environment in the organization.
 Participative – When the team members or employees are highly trained and dedicated
towards their work leaders should consult or involve them in the decision making process
of the organization. Through this leadership style a leader can make his or her followers
feel valuable and encourage them to perform better.
Barriers to effective performance in 4com Plc
In each association, Communication assumes an enormous job in the accomplishment of
business on the grounds that because of Communication gap administration can't construct a
decent connection with their workers. Communication is amongst the most vital factor in any
association in light of the fact that through the Communication, company can bring the
successful execution. In the 4com Plc there are Communication gaps among representatives and
administration this gap diminishes the profitability of referred to organization. Communication
gap is primary issue that found in 4com Plc. Because of Communication gap inside 4com Plc
among administration and representatives as laborers are not content with choice of the
administration. To determine this issue 4com Plc needs to accept a call against the
representatives with the goal that laborers will be center around their errands. As to defeat this
issue 4com Plc gives the duties to the new executive who has extraordinary and imaginative
aptitudes. To evaluate the Communication gap new executives of 4com Plc trying to give diverse
trainings to the representatives. Aside from this new chief of referred to organization efforts to
give the best authority style thusly, workers can feel spurred.
Aside from this, representatives of 4com Plc are experiencing the high outstanding task at
hand weight because of which the workers turn over issue is created in 4com Plc. Because of
absence of high and experienced workers, referred to association can't give new methods and
items. To improve the business condition, referred to association needs to determine the issue of
high work weight. To determine this issue, new chief of 4com Plc is endeavoring to make
compelling arranging and utilizing inspiration strategies. Through the inspiration methods, for

example, compensate framework, diverse social and social exercises and so forth worker can be
motivated (Radnore and et.al., 2016).
Aside from this to deal with the connection with representatives, new chief of 4com Plc is trying
to give the courses and meeting to the specialists. This is on account of 4com Plc can't tune in
and comprehend the issues of representatives and this procedure will acquire clashes the business
condition. Along these lines, to enhance the business profitability and development, 4com Plc
needs to pursue all the inspiration procedures and administration style
M4 Positive and Negative impact of concepts of organisational behaviour
The concepts of organisational behaviour plays a major role in improving the workplace
environment that leads to increase in performance. On the other hand it also creates challenging
situations for the employees those who don't want to change their working practices or
behaviour.
CONCLUSION
The above report summarised that healthy workplace environment is very essential for an
organisation to achieve success. Culture and behaviour plays an important role in every company
or workplace. It has a great impact on organisation such as 4com Plc in terms of performance
and productivity. In the above report leadership styles and motivation techniques are described
which can be used by a new director or manager to manage healthy workplace environment in
the chosen organisation. The report also explained the development of teams and teamwork in
the chosen company using Tuckman and Jensen’s model. Furthermore, this study determined
that communication gap can be a major issue for the organisation. In addition to this, the above
report determined that there are different types of teams such as functional team, virtual team etc
that helps 4com Plc to achieve its business goals effectively.

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