Literature Review: Leadership Challenges in Organizational Settings

This literature review examines leadership challenges within organizations, focusing on performance management, leadership theories, and their impact on organizational outcomes. It explores transformational and transactional leadership styles, highlighting their effects on employee performance and knowledge sharing. The review also addresses the challenges leaders face, including external, internal, and situational factors, with a specific focus on virtual project environments. Additionally, the literature discusses the importance of leadership mindsets and performance measures. Key findings reveal the positive connection between leadership theories and organizational performance, emphasizing the need for leaders to adopt specific mindsets. The review concludes by underscoring the importance of understanding and addressing these challenges for effective leadership and organizational success. The review also presents the findings of different scholars like Aga, Noorderhaven and Vallejo (2016), Imran, Ilyas and Aslam (2016), Masa’deh, Obeidat and Tarhini (2016), Marques (2015), Paoli and Ropo (2015), Caniëls et al. (2018), Shanafelt & Noseworthy, (2017), Knox and Wang (2016) and Harwiki, (2016).