Working with and Leading People: A Comprehensive Report

This report analyzes leadership and people management within the context of a case study involving United Parcel Service (UPS). It delves into the critical aspects of recruitment, including necessary documentation, legal and ethical considerations, and effective selection processes. The report differentiates between leadership and management, exploring various leadership styles such as democratic, autocratic, and transformational, and their suitability in different situations. It also examines methods for motivating staff, the benefits of team working, and strategies for conflict resolution. Furthermore, it covers performance evaluation, planning for development needs, and assessing the effectiveness of evaluation plans within an organization. The report provides insights into the skills and attributes required for effective leadership, with a focus on the application of these concepts within the UPS context.

Working with and
Leading People

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Documents required for selection and recruitment of new staff in the organization.......1
1.2 Impact of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations in recruitment and selection process
................................................................................................................................................2
1.3 Taking part in the selection process.................................................................................2
1.4 Evaluation of own contribution in selection process........................................................3
2.1 Skills and attributes required for leadership.....................................................................3
2.2 Difference between leadership and management and the way it helps in better
understanding to UPS.............................................................................................................4
2.3 Comparison of different leadership styles for different situations...................................5
2.4 Methods to motivate the staff to achieve objectives........................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Evaluating the benefits of team working and reviewing its effectiveness.......................6
3.2 Importance of working in a team as a leader and member towards specific goals and
dealing with the conflicts situations.......................................................................................6
3.3 Reviewing the effectiveness of team in achieving goals..................................................7
4.1 Factors involved in planning the monitoring and assessing work performance..............7
4.2 Planning and delivering the assessment of development needs of individuals................8
4.3 Assessing the success of evaluation plan.........................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Recruitment is a process to select the qualified employees among the pool of candidates.
It is a process of attracting, selecting and appointment of candidates for the required job. This
helps company in selecting the qualified and educated employees (Bush and Middlewood, 2013).
Report discuses about the case which describes about United Parcel Service Company that
operates in UK. Firm faces various problems in administration, leadership and management
which leads to huge losses. Thus, human resource manager has to take appropriate steps for the
growth of company. Assignment discusses about the methods of recruitment, selection and
retention procedures for employees as well as the styles of leadership and their impact on
organization. Further, methods and benefits of working in a team will be discussed along with
assessing the development needs of individuals.
TASK 1
1.1 Documents required for selection and recruitment of new staff in the organization
Documents are the important part of the selection process as it recruits qualified
employees. United parcel service is a company which have details of all employees such as the
name, family and occupation (Grint and Holt, 2011). Documents evaluates activities of
employees in internal and external environment so that employees cannot do the frauds and
cheating in the firm. It also checks that employees properly fill the taxes to the government and
their earning level. Main factors is the contracts between the employer and employee so that
legal rights are given to both and provide integrity to them. There are no disputes as persons can
claim against each other. Through this, firm can do systematic recruitment and can select
responsible person in the job.
Methods of recruitment – There are internal methods such as promotion and transfer.
External includes advertisement, college recruitments.
Selection includes-
 Job specification – It includes the objectives, duties, tasks and required qualification
required in job. For example for human resource manager can manage the human and the
organization.

 Person specification – It includes communication, creative skills, personality and creative
skills in the person to perform the job. Human resource manage can have communication
skills and have a good with pleasing personality to interact with other people
 CV – It is the summary of background and professional qualification of person.
1.2 Impact of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations in recruitment and selection process
There are different factors which United Parcel Services consider in recruitment process.
They are -
 Legal – There is no discrimination and prohibition in recruitment and selection procedure
on any basis. Government has made various rules for the employment that they should
get equal wages (Lev, 2013). Equal rights are provide to all workers so that they can
work efficiently and effectively. Firm provides various safety aid box for the injured
employees and warning signs in danger areas so that employees can work in safer
environment.
 Ethical – Organization has retrenched the CEO and many employees had resigned from
the job. They had not followed the ethical values which leads to low growth of the
company.
 Issues related to diversity – Company want to expand the business. It is difficult as there
are disputes in oil deals with Arabian and European countries and terrorism attacks.
Through this firm cannot perform proper selection and recruitment process effectively.
 Regulatory authorities – It is an autonomous bodies which control the area through the
rules and regulations (Mayfield, 2014). Firm has to follow the policies of these bodies
while performing selection process. UPS applies the careful hiring methods for recruiting
the people and can recruit employees from within the organization through promotion. In
selection company properly communicates with employees to check the qualification of
candidates.
1.3 Taking part in the selection process
Human resource manager of the organization has to follow ways for selection. United
parcel services has to consider the factors such as
 number of vacancies
 Types of job

 education qualification
 selection methods
 scheduling and timings at time of process of selection
Process cannot be delayed as the employees can move to another firm and hence
company cannot select the qualified employee.
Interview process mentioned for various job roles are described below-
 One to one interview – This interview selects the top management employees. Company
monitors that manager has required skills required in the job. (Mayfield, 2011)Firm also
evaluates that manager can perform required role which is needed in the job.
 Panel interview – It selects the subordinates and top management employees. Panel
consists of 4-5 people. It do the 360 degree judgement of the person. This is the effective
and efficient method of selection used in the company.
 Checking the ability of an employee – This checks the ability of employers through
written test which evaluates the language skills and interview which checks the language
and vocal skills. Through all these traits best candidate can be selected. In this firstly
criteria is developed on basis of the job description and person specification. Then
checking of the application and resume. Afterwards interview the person to judge that it
fulfils the minimum criteria. Then take various tests physical and personalty tests if
individuals. Lastly give the offer to do the job.
1.4 Evaluation of own contribution in selection process
As a recruiter I give sufficient time to express their views and opinions so that I can evaluate
it in a better way. Before selecting I must tell them about the profile of the various jobs so
that they can get information about the required role, collect required documents and they
can be send for further evaluation. I treat all employees in equal manner and give equal
respect to all staff members. I tries to maintain positive environment employees through my
good behaviour. I have to solve all the problems and queries of the employees regarding the
profile, goals and objectives of the organization. At last step which is evaluation I tries to
select the candidate who have required skills, knowledge and qualification fort the job. I
have done a satisfactory work as I have consider many factors while selecting an employee.
Through my positive work and activities it will benefit the firm. I want to select the
candidate who fulfils the minimum criteria of human resource manager. According to me I

select the best candidate who is required in the job. I select the candidate who have required
skills and knowledge for the job. I behave in a good manner with the employee. Through
this company benefits a lot.
2.1 Skills and attributes required for leadership
Leaders of United Parcel Services have to manage the team so that all employees can
perform efficiently and effectively (Peterson, 2011). The skills and features of leadership are-
 Convincing ability – Leaders can able to persuade all employees so that employees can
perform their work efficiently and effectively. Leader can convince employees to achieve
their targets and goals very efficiently.
There are two models of leadership -
 French and Raven's model – It has different power which leadership must possess. There
are 5 powers -
Legitimate – Leader has a myth to expect employees to be disciplined and obedient.
Reward – Leader has the skills to compensate other employee through the consent.
Expert – Leader have knowledge and skills to handle employees.
Referent – Leaders have ability of attractiveness so that it can gibe respect to all
employees.
Coercive – Leader have skills to punish others for mistake done by all employees.
 Higgs and Dulewicz model
Leaders possess certain elements of emotional intelligence. They are-
Drivers – Leader possesses motivation and decisiveness so that he can motivate all
employees to achieve their targets.
Constrainers – Leader must be honest with other employees. Leader can change the
decisions according to various situations .
Enablers – Leader must be aware about all employees and must be able to convince all
staff members to achieve their targets.
2.2 Difference between leadership and management and the way it helps in better understanding
to UPS
Management is the process to manage people in an effective and efficient manner.
Leadership helps in influencing and motivating people to achieve their goals (Pritchard and

Bloomfield, 2013). Through leadership leader of UPS can influence the team member so perform
better. Leader can motivate all people so that they can do work efficiently. In management
manager can manage the organization properly and can do planning,
organizing,staffing,directing and controlling function to manage the organization in proper
manner. The differences between leadership and management of United Parcel Services are:
Basis Management Leadership
Conflicts Management is the process in
which manager avoid conflicts.
Leadership is the process in
which leader solves the
conflicts and disputes so that
employees can perform
efficiently and effectively.
Decisions Managers take daily routine
decisions according to various
circumstances in their firm.
Manager rely on superior for
taking the decisions.
Leaders create the vision.
They take future decisions
according to the vision of the
company.
2.3 Comparison of leadership styles for different situations
There are various leadership styles adopted by the leader in organization. Leadership
styles of United Parcel Services are:
 Democratic leadership style – In this leader delegates the responsibility to the individuals.
All employees can take decisions regarding the plans and policies in the firm. Through
this staff members feel motivated as their suggestions and decisions are implemented by
the leader (Rees and French, 2016). Thus results in efficient and effective working of the
organization.In this ehen company has to incrwese the prioduction then mangerc can
tajkec suggestions from the employees sio that they can give their views.These views can
be implemented in organizsation.
 Autocratic leadership – In this leader take all decisions and employee do take decisions
regarding any matter. So thus all the activities and processes run according to the leader.

This leads to low performance of the firm. In this leader can take decisions to compete
with other competitors .Leader do not take suggestions from any person.
 Transformational leadership – In this leader create the on vision and mission. Leader
motivates all employees so that they can perform better. Staff members can achieve their
targets and goals. Through this all processes and activities run successfully and smoothly.
For expansion of the business leader take decisions related to setting of the mission and
goals .Leader can also motivate employees to give good results. It increase the profits .It
thus results in expansion of the business
So, a leader applies various leadership styles according to different situations in the organization.
2.4 Methods to motivate the staff to achieve objectives
There are various ways to motivate all employees in United Parcel Services. With the
help of motivational theories, staff can be encouraged to perform effectually. The theories of
motivation applied by UPS:
 Maslow's theory – It is the theory which contain 6 levels to motivate employees. They
are-
Physiological – It fulfil the basic needs of all the individuals. For example food, shelter,
air, sleep and clothing.
Safety needs – It provides safety to employees against war, disaster and family violence.
Social belongingness – It tries to maintain a friendly environment among the employees
Esteem – Management gives social respect and recognition to employees so that they can
perform better.
Self-actualization – It recognizes the full potential of employees to perform activities in
job.
 Herzberg's theory – There are various factors which motivate employees. There are 2
factors -
Hygienic factors – They demotivated and dissatisfies the employees. For example
company policy, working conditions and salary.
Motivational factors – They motivate the employees through giving rewards and
recognize them when employees perform better.

Through Maslow 's theory individual basic needs are satisfied which motivates them to perform
better. It also protects the employees against any family violence. They can get friendly
environment so that employees can understand each other. All employees get rewards when
they achieve their targets. Through all these steps employees are motivated to perform
better. Thus they can easily achieve their targets TASK 2
3.1 Evaluating the benefits of team working and reviewing its effectivenessThere are various
benefits of team work in the United Parcel services. They are -
 Conflict resolution – If employees are working in a team then there are no conflicts and
disputes in the organization (Stanleig, 2013). Through this all staff members can perform
their work efficiently and effectively. Activities and task perform successfully. It results
in growth and success of the organization.
 Support and mentoring – Through the efficient team leader encourages all employees so
that they can perform better. It increases the energy level and enthusiasm of staff
members so they can work efficiently and effectively. Thus workers can achieve their
targets. It results in improving the performance of the firm. Solves diversity issues –
Through proper team organization can bring employees of various castes and religion.
Thus there is no discrimination between the employees. So, it results in maintaining the
friendly environment in organization. Thus, employees can perform efficiently and
achieve their goals.
3.2 Importance of working in a team as a leader and member towards specific goals and dealing
with the conflicts situations
Leader can maintain friendly environment among the employees so that conflicts and
disputes can be resolved in the firm (Welch, 2014). United Parcel adopts two models to deal with
conflicts which are described below -
 Tuckman's model – It is the model through which effective team is formed. It consists of
4 stages-
Forming – Leader explains the role and responsibilities of all employees so that they can
perform better
Storming – In this stage conflicts arise in the organization as they can challenge the
authority of leader. Leader tries to clear the roles and goals of employees so that there are non-
conflicts.

Norming – In this employees solve the differences between each other and respect the
leader. Leader tries to appreciate the employees so that they can perform better.
Performing – In this leader motivates and supports the employees so that they can
perform effectively and efficiently.United parcel also uses the Belbin's team role model but it
prefers the Tuckman's model as it is a big organization. Through working in a team leader
describes the role and responsibilities to all employees. Through this employees can understand
their tasks and can achieve their targets. Leader can motivate all employees. It increase the
energy level of employees to perform better. All employees can give suggestions to leader
regarding any policy. Leader can implement them. Leader can solve all problems of employees
so that they can do work efficient;t and effectively.
3.3 Reviewing the effectiveness of team in achieving goals
United Parcel Company has to check the effectiveness of the team through following
characteristics-
 Team have clear objectives and focus- Management evaluates the goals and objectives of
team that they are clearly defined so that all employees can know their targets. If team do
not know their targets employees cannot work efficiently.
 Responsibilities and roles are clearly defined – Management evaluates that all employees
know their roles and responsibilities in the team. Through this employees can perform
better in the firm. If they do not know their roles then employees cannot achieve their
targets.
 Structure – It helps in evaluating the skills, knowledge and potential of employees.
Through this firm can achieve their targets and can give competition to other firms.
 Team process – It evaluates the activities and processes of team. If team adopts right
process and activities then it leads to smooth functioning of the business.
4.1 Factors involved in planning the monitoring and assessing work performance
There are various factors which are used by United Parcel Company. They are -
 Creation of the documents – Management has to create legal documents of employees so
that human resource can take decision. If human resource management had received all
documents such as personal information and C.V they can select the qualified employees
in the job. Through this best candidates are selected.

 Lifelong learning – Company organize training sessions and seminars so that all
individuals can perform better. Through this employees can develop the skills for
performing various activities in the job. Company evaluates their performance and
motivates them so that they can perform better. IT leads to improved performance of the
firm.
◦ Group development processes – Company can organize group discussion, aptitude
tests and brainstorming session. These are done to develop the skills and knowledge
of employees. Firm evaluates the performance of all staff members and supports them
to improve their performance. It increases the knowledge, potential of employees and
they can perform efficiently and effectively.4.2 Planning and delivering the
assessment of development needs of individuals
There are various methods through which United Parcel Company can plan and fulfil the
needs of the employees. They are -
 Maslow's theory – It consists of 6 stoops to motivate the individuals. They are -
Physiological – It fulfils the basic needs of employees.
Safety – It provides protection to employees against the disaster, personal violence etc.
Social belongingness – It helps in maintaining the friendly environment among all the
employees.
Self-esteem – Management gives respect and status to all employees.
Self-actualization – Company realizes potential of employees.
 Communication styles – Company follows this communication style-
Assertive styles – Manager can achieve goals without hurting other employees and ask all
employees which needs are to be met without fear of the rejection. Through this employees are
motivated and they can perform better.
Development
need
Current
proficiency
Target
Proficiency
Techniques of
improvement
Performance
monitoring and
assessment
A person has to
improve the
Person can
deliver the
Person have good
negotiation and
Through
knowledge of
Person has
various

communication
skills.
messages e
effectively and
efficiently.
convincing power
so that person can
easily convince
other person.
motivational
theories such as
Maslow's theory
so that person can
motivate other
persons.
complainants so
person tries that
there can be less
mistakes.
4.3 Assessing the success of evaluation plan
There are various processes to evaluate the success of evaluation plan which are used by
United Parcel Company (How to Evaluate the Success of the Business Strategic Process, 2018).
They are-
 Benchmarking process – In this company measures the operational performance with the
standards. It uses internal benchmarking in which firm has set various standards for the
employees so that their performance can be compared. After finding the deviations firm
give corrective steps to employees to improve their performance.
 Questionnaire - Company can develop the questionnaire and can receive suggestions
from the employees. Through this company can monitor the motivation level of
employees and evaluate the performance of employees. Company is on track as it has
good management and leadership performance. It has earned higher revenues as
compared to previous years. It is good for the company. Through this firm can give
strong competition to other firms.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that factors such as recruitment, motivation,
leading and team work are important for the success of organization. There are uses of
recruitment, selection and retention procedures by the company so that employees can perform
efficiently. There are various styles of leadership and its impact on the organization. It has also
been assessed that there are various benefits of working in the team such as diversity issues as
well as it solves the conflicts. Further, it has evaluated the work and development needs of
individuals so that employees can perform better.