A Comprehensive Report on Leadership, Motivation, and Team Dynamics

This report delves into the critical aspects of leadership, motivation, and team dynamics within organizational behavior. It explores various motivational theories, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Hertzberg's two-factor model, emphasizing the importance of both monetary and non-monetary incentives for employee satisfaction and performance. The report further examines organizational behavior, highlighting the need for effective management to achieve organizational goals, particularly in contexts like Tesco. It covers leadership approaches, such as trait theory and situational leadership, and team building models like Tuckman's stages of group development and Belbin's team roles. The report also includes the Gestalt approach to team building, emphasizing individual focus, and provides a detailed analysis of different leadership styles and their application in various situations. The core focus is on creating a supportive and effective work environment to achieve organizational success.

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND THE MANAGEMENT OF
PEOPLE
INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is an examination of the way how an
individual interacts with each other within group. It is
considered as an approach which can be implemented in the
firm to manage workers. In an association, various kinds of
people are doing their work who belong to distinctive
culture. It is fundamental for the manager to manage their
workforce as this will aid them to attain coveted targets
within certain period of time. In context of Tesco, superiors
need to manage employees and therefore, complete work
will be accomplished with maximum effectiveness and they
will compete with their competitors at marketplace.
MOTIVATION TO WORK
It is essential for the employer to motivate employees and
thus, they will be able to complete their tasks effectually.
This can be either in monetary or non-monetary terms. There
are many examples which are associated with this like
commission, promotion and bonus, paid leaves, incentives,
etc.
 Maslow's motivational theory
 Hertzberg's motivational model
MASLOW'S MOTIVATIONAL THEORY
 Physiological needs: Primarily an individual wants to accomplish his or her basic requirements
and it includes food, shelter and water.
 Safety needs: Furthermore, he wants security of job from his superior and along with want to
feel secure in society.
 Social needs: Then, he wants to fulfil his psychological needs, like want to make friends, build
relations, be a part of group etc.
 Esteem needs: Moreover, he wants self-confidence, respect, recognition and status in society.
 Self-actualisation: When all things get accomplished then he wants mental growth,
innovativeness, openness, morale and so on.
HIERARCHY APPROACH

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND THE MANAGEMENT OF
PEOPLE
HERTZBERG'S MODEL
This can be classified into two segments which are
mentioned as below:
Hygiene factors: This will develop dissatisfaction
amongst people if their expectations would not get
fulfilled. For example: salary, status, job security,
working environment, etc.
Motivational factors: It will help to encourage the staff
members and therefore, they will accomplish the tasks
with maximum effectiveness. For instance:
responsibilities, growth, achievement, recognition and so
on.
APPROACHES TO MOTIVATION
Need based approach: This assists to concentrate on the
requirements of individuals and thus, it will get fulfilled. Some
theories are associated with this like Maslow’s hierarchy of needs,
Hertzberg and ERG.
Process based approach: It can be associated with the procedure
of decision making with assistance of motivation. Models which
are connected to it are Locke's goal hypothesis and Adam's equity
theory.
Reinforcement based theory: Behaviour of persons will be
affected because of outcomes which are gained through utilization
of distinctive theories.
LEADERSHIP
Manager needs to possess leadership
quality so that he can influence and
support his subordinates regarding work.
Along with this, he guides employees to
accomplish targets and goals within
limited period of time. It is important for
him to complete his work with innovation
as this will aid to develop goods in an
effective manner.
 Trait theory
 4-H Leadership Mode

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND THE MANAGEMENT OF
PEOPLE
LEADERSHIP APPROACHES
Trait theory: Earlier, people think that leaders were born with
inherent physiological needs and in addition, personal
attributes like height, age, intelligence, etc. But, after
sometime, it was determined by Stogdill that there are many
elements which will also be possessed by the non-leaders.
Capacity: There are some individuals who will have some
skills like problem solving, decision making and hard work.
Achievement: Effective knowledge, academic records and
sports
Responsibility: Confidence, reliability and determination
Participation and involvement: Cooperativeness, easily accept
changes, social interaction skills.
Socio-economic status: Leaders belongs to high class.
Trait
Approach
It assists to focus on non-leaders as per their
quality, personality and in addition,
characteristics.
Charismatic
approach
There are many types of qualities which are
possessed by charisma leaders such as they
have high principles, speeches and so on.
Situational
Approach
As indicated by this, leader needs to handle
every type of situation in an effective way
and in addition, maintain an appropriate
interaction amongst team members.
BELBIN'S TEAM THEORY
Action oriented roles: There are three elements
which will be included in this:
Shaper: They provide challenges to group which
help them in their improvement.
Implementer: They need to apply thoughts into
actions.
Completer finisher: They heed to get ensure that
entire task is accomplished within provide time
duration.
People oriented roles: It includes:
◦ Coordinator: He plays his role as a
manager.
◦ Team worker: They have to motivate their
co-employees.
◦ Resource investigator: They need to
investigate opportunities at marketplace.
Thought oriented roles: This comprises:
◦ Plant: It aids to present unique ideas.
◦ Monitor-evaluator: They have to examine
new alternatives.
◦ Specialist: They provide effective abilities.
TUCKMAN’S & GESTALT THEORY
• Forming: As per this, it is essential for the manager
to tell employees about purpose and objectives related to
project and guide them to accomplish it.
• Storming: Employees do struggle to fulfil their goals
and sometimes this will raise clashes amongst them.
• Norming: At this stage, each individual is clear
about his/her roles as well as responsibilities which they need
to accomplish.
• Performing: Staff members have to perform their
tasks to attain coveted targets and in addition, superiors will
delegate some power to them because this aids to improve
their involvement.
Gestalt approach to team building:
• It is fundamental to concentrate on a person rather
than team.
• There are various objectives which are associated
with this like, self-regulation, maturation and many more.
• It is required to sort out problems timely and in
addition maintain an effective relationship with other
individuals.