Working and Leading People: Leadership and Management Report

This report delves into the core aspects of leadership and management within the context of a UK-based parcel service company, United Parcel Services (UPS). It begins by outlining the essential documentation required for recruiting and selecting new employees, emphasizing the importance of a skilled HR manager and the impact of legal, regulatory, and ethical considerations on the hiring process. The report then examines the skills and attributes crucial for effective leadership, differentiating between leadership and management styles and exploring various motivational theories to enhance staff performance. The report further investigates the benefits of teamwork and how to assess team effectiveness. Finally, it addresses the factors involved in planning and assessing work performance, including the assessment of individual development needs and the evaluation of the overall assessment process. The report provides practical insights into leadership practices, recruitment strategies, and team dynamics, making it a valuable resource for understanding human resource management in a dynamic business environment.

WORKING WITH AND
LEADING PEOPLE

Table of Contents
TASK1.............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Documentation required for recruiting and selecting new employee ..................................3
1.2 Impact of regulatory, legal and ethical consideration to recruitment and selection process.6
1.3 Part in Selection Process.......................................................................................................6
1.4 Own Contribution in Selection Process ...............................................................................7
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Skills and Attributes needed for leadership..........................................................................8
2.2 Difference between leadership and management..................................................................8
2.3 Compare leadership style for different situation...................................................................9
2.4 States ways to motivate staff to achieve objective ...............................................................9
3.1 Benefits of team working....................................................................................................10
3.2 Demonstrate working in a team as leader and member......................................................11
3.3 Review the effectiveness of team........................................................................................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
4.1 Factors involved in planning the assessment and monitoring of work performance..........12
4.2 Assessment of development needs of individual................................................................12
4.3 Assess the success of assessment process ..........................................................................13
CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Human resource management forms integral part of any firm conducting its operations in
today's dynamic environment. It is because it constitutes and undertake all important functions
starting from recruitment and selection, to employees compensation, to formulating policies and
procedures keeping its people both consumers as well employees in focus and as per government
rules and legislations (Adamou and Adamou, 2017). Thus, to successfully and effectively
conducting all these activities HRM requires to have a proficient and dedicated team who can
help in attainment of per determined company's objectives and can give maximum return with
higher profits. Thus mangers and leaders collectively plays a significant part in the growth and
success of a firm by encouraging and motivating people to give best of their efforts.
This assignment will discuss about United Parcel Services which is UK's leading parcel
services company which put immense focus and efforts for enhancing its overall management
and performance (An, 2016). The report will discuss difference between manager and leader
along with explaining hiring process, various motivational theories, skills and leadership traits
required, importance and advantage of team work along with evaluating the assessment process.
TASK1
1.1 Documentation required for recruiting and selecting new employee
For every organization to be figurehead and have and edge over its rivals requires a team
of skilled and professional employees having innovative ideas and dedication towards their work
commitment so that firm can yield higher profits. Therefore it becomes critically important for
a firm to pay special attention during its hiring process to ensure that its has best and most
suitable employees at right job profile (Boone, 2015). For recruitment a company requires some
essential documents that helps it to avoid unlawful discrimination and provide a base for
advertisement which support a firm to interview various candidates and select most suitable one .
United Parcel Services is currently facing major challenges in its hiring process due to
company suffered proper checks and balances leading to higher employee turnover and reduction

in customers retention. Thus, United Parcel Services is in requirement to hire competitive and
skilled staff to carrying out its regular business functions. But prior to appointing any employee
the company is in urgency to first and foremost hire a skilled HR Manger for conducting all
responsibilities in a systematic manner for which United Parcel Services have to prepare
following documentation related with recruitment and selection process of new staff members.
Approval of Recruitment: Prior to initiating recruitment and selection process the
concerned department sends draft regarding vacant job position along with job description and
documents for specifying the skills and knowledge that are requisite for job profile to higher
authorities (CALIN, 2016). After the approval for top management, draft is transferred to HR
department who then initiates hiring process.
Position Description: This documentation defines post's position in United Parcel
Services for which recruitment has to be done. It includes a brief description of activities and
tasks to be undertaken along with roles and responsibilities related to that particular job
position. This document is also need to be approved by the higher authorities.
Advertising: It is the most significant yet critical task of hiring process. It involves
selecting best and most effective advertising media such as print, electronic, digital etc. It also
involves vacancy announcement, proficiency required, terms and conditions, salary structure etc.
(Cenderello and et. al., 2015.).
Job Description: This document defines job vacancy in the particular organisation. It is a written
statement that depicts the roles and responsibilities of job holder.
JOB DESCRIPTION
Job Title: HR Administrator
Department: Human Resource Administrative
Date: 29April, 2018
Age Range: 28 to 40 yea
Reporting to: Senior Authorities
Salary: 40,000- 45,000 (negotiable)
Job Purpose: Human Resource Administrator job support to HR Department for hiring
procedure, preparing payroll and Maintaining HRMIS, conducting orientation programme of
new joiners, employee welfare programmes.

Roles and Duties
Write up professional job advertisements clearly explaining role and duties of vacant position
New job profiles have to be assessed under Higher Education Role Analysis prior recruitment.
Record and maintain information related to employee’s transfers, promotion, exemption and
resignation along with performance of payroll audits .
To verify employees attendance, hours worked, adjustment related to salary and post it into
HRP records.
Calculation of employees pay, issue pay checks and statements of earning and deductions and
maintaining records
PERSON SPECIFICATION
Name: XYZ
Contact Number: 43383656
E-mail: [e-mail]
Physical Attributes:
Good Health
Age : 25 to 35
Attainment:
 High standard of education
 Degree in Human Resource
Intelligence:
 Basic knowledge of IT application & system
 Experience in systematically maintaining records
Aptitude:
 Excellent communication and team-management skills
 Analytical abilities
 Comfortable working in flexible shifts

1.2 Impact of regulatory, legal and ethical consideration to recruitment and selection process
HR Manager of UPS must be well versed with legislations and policies that are
incorporated by government regarding recruitment and selection procedure. Information related
to various laws like Minimum wage act, Equity Act etc. supports a firm in reducing the risk
factor, in posting for job vacancy increasing employees, providing job satisfaction etc. Thus, it
is mandatory for a firm to abide by these regulatory measure which make hiring process neutral
providing every candidate to get equal opportunity for employment (Edge, 2016). Mentioned
below is description of how these laws affect hiring process of United Parcel Services :
Impact of sex discriminatory act:
This act prohibits the employer to discriminate any candidate on the basis of gender. It
propagates that a prospective individual should be judged according to his/her qualification and
capabilities possessed rather than hiring on basis of whether candidate is male or female.
Impact of equality regulation:
The Equity Act, 2010 provided every eligible person as per job specification to apply for
vacancy irrespective of gender, age, race, caste or background (Hartley-Bangs, 2016). It is the
duty and responsibility of HR Manger United Parcel Services not to be biased and give privilege
to any specific person on basis of any above mentioned attributes.
Impact of Employee Right:
According this act a employee who is not having legal work permit of UK is not
considered eligible to work. Therefore United Parcel Services before selecting any candidate is
abide to check his/her work permit besides doing a background check for any criminal record.
1.3 Part in Selection Process
Selection process includes below mentioned tasks:- .
 Selecting a recruitment and selection board: For selecting most appropriate employee
the HR department needs to first of all select an appropriate panel of selectors for
choosing right candidate. This board is selected by HR Director of UPS which is
responsible for deciding qualification criteria or skills on the basis a candidate is to be
judges. Further the panel conducts interview of candidates that are been selected by HR
department among the pool of applicants (Herring and Elton, 2016).
 Short-listing: Here the role of board member is to short-list the candidate whom they
think are most suitable or qualified as per the requirement of company. The short-listing

process is done through different methods such as written exam, MCQ exam, IQ test,
physical test etc. Once all the applicant go through these test, panel member select those
who scored goods marks in these tests (Lev, 2013). After short-listing candidate, board
member will take the interview of them which will arrange by the HR department and
then lastly they select the most talented and suitable candidate for the given job
vacancy.
 Short-listing: In this step panel short list the most appropriate candidate as per set
qualification criteria from among different applications that are received. For this board
apply various methods such as written exam, aptitude test, MCQ test, physical test etc.
The selected candidates scoring high in tests are then selected for interview rounds.
 Interview: The short listed candidates are then call or message for face to face interview
with board members for final selection (Hoover and O’Neil, 2015). In interview round a
candidate is judged and analysed for skills and capabilities they possess and are inquired
about their qualification, experience, background details etc. to see their suitability with
job profile.
 Appointment: Appointment forms the last stage of selection process in which best and
most suitable candidate is selected and offered job by HR department.
1.4 Own Contribution in Selection Process
Been HR manager of UPS, I have given best efforts and has actively participate in
recruitment and selection process. I have contributed by making the draft for job opening and
approving it from higher authority. As soon as it gets approved by higher authority, I put up an
advertisement for job vacancy in various media including print , social, electronic and digital
media.
Once the advertisement is put up, a lot of candidates are expected to be applying for job.
My role at this part will be to prepare a checklist of all job applicants and to short list the most
suitable ones on the basis of qualifications and experience mentioned on their CV and resumes
(Kızıl, 2017). Besides these roles I also participated in designing appropriate job offer for
selected individuals and in conducting various test which are requisite for an effective short-
listing process.

TASK 2
2.1 Skills and Attributes needed for leadership
1. Good communication Skills- A leader to be effective in influencing it subordinates to
work in a prescribed way need to have an excellent communication and interpersonal
skills. These skills are essential for leader as they helps him to convey its team about the
goals and objectives and their role and responsibilities in achieving those so that there is
no scope of any confusion among the members.
2. Confidence:
A leader is an idol for the team, one who is looked upon at the time of crisis. A leader needs to
be confident enough to motivate and strengthen its members even when company is going
through hard times because the success and failure of whole team depends on the shoulder of a
leader (Mitchell, 2016). He should be positive about decisions he is taking and should keep its
workforce steady full of high spirits.
3. Commitment: A leader to influence its workforce for working hard and perform well
has to first set an example by been dedicated towards his work. If a leader is hard
working,punctual and committed employees too get inspired and motivated to be
dedicated towards work assigned to them and give results.
2.2 Difference between leadership and management
Management Leadership
Managers role is to communicate the policies
and procedures formulated by top management
to leaders.
Leader is responsible for enforcing those
policies and procedures by applying various
strategies and motivational theories to
encourage its people to follow them.
Management emphasis on controlling business
and its various operations .
Leader on other hand emphasis on building
mutual trust and confidence with its workforce
to inspire them to work .
Managers plan out various activities and
functions concerning the firm
Leader's task is to encourage its subordinates
to increase their performance level by working

with best of their abilities to complete their
assigned task.
2.3 Compare leadership style for different situation
There are various leadership style that could be adopted by a leader by analysing pros and cons
of each one and applying the most appropriate style depending upon the environment and
situation business is dealing with. Mentioned below are some leadership style:
Autocratic: An autocratic leader is the one who takes all the decision himself without
involving or taking inputs from its team members (Mohelska and Sokolova, 2015). The
employees are to follow the instruction blindly without challenging it or asking questions related
to it.
Laissez-Fair: In this leadership style, leader delegates the whole responsibility of
completing the task and just supervise the team and ask for regular feedback. This style is
generally adopted when the team members are highly skilled , experts of their fields who
requires very less guidance.
Participative: In this style of leadership, leader involves its workforce in the process of
decision making. The members are encouraged to give their inputs, ideas and feedbacks. This
help management to motive its employee to be confident and feel associated with company
(NORMAND and et. al., 2016).
Comparison: Among From various leadership styles mentioned above the most suitable
and appropriate style that is compatible with almost every organization is democratic style or
participative style of leadership. It is because autocracy is not acceptable and approved by
everyone. It also makes the scope of business and its growth limited as decisions are taken solely
by one person who cannot be perfect in every field. Moreover Laissez-Fair style of leadership is
only suitable in scenario where the organization is well quipped with high skilled and proficient
employees which cant be the case in every organization. Therefore, it concludes that
participative style is best and most appropriate leadership style that suits and can be used by
every organisation yielding higher results. That's the reason why UPS adopts and implement this
leadership style (Peterson, 2016).

2.4 States ways to motivate staff to achieve objective
Good Salary and Reward: An organization to maintain good employer-employee
relationship and to motivate its employees need to recognize their efforts for providing their
services to company by providing them with good salary as per their job profile and by
rewarding them. For example: UPS provides various monetary or non-monetary reward to their
employees in accordance to their performance.
Involving employee in decision-making: Although in UPS the major decision are taken
by higher authorities however in decisions that are taken at middle and lower level employees
are involved by mangers to give their inputs so that they feel motivated, valued and associated
with company.
Offer training and development: In this era where of dynamic environment employees
serves as a source of biggest competency over its rivals (Thompson, 2016). Thus, its is critical
for USP firm to provide necessary training to its employees to induce knowledge and skills that
are required for them to complete their current as well future job requirements.
TASK 3
3.1 Benefits of team working
The greatest advantage of team work is that it helps a firms like UPS to attain its
specified targets in most efficient and effective manner within specific time limits which increase
the chances of getting maximum returns. In addition to its it helps in developing mutual trust and
respect among its employees (Vartiainen, 2015). Mentioned below are some advantages of team
working:
1. High Efficiency: When employees having different skills and knowledge work together
as one team chances of achieving task with efficiency and minimum errors increases,
Thus it add on to the generating qualitative output increasing firms efficiency and
profitability.
2. Faster Speed: As proficient people works together chances of completing a task within
specific time frame increases leading to reducing efforts and time taken to finish each
activity (Adamou and Adamou2017).
3. Innovative Idea: When people work in a team it brings best of them leading to
generation of new and innovative ideas which makes it easy to accomplish objectives.

4. Mutual Support: Team work encourages and lead to development of rapport, mutual
respect and coordination for each other leading to promoting a positive working
atmosphere where people avoid each other flaws and conflicts.
3.2 Demonstrate working in a team as leader and member
Leaders and co member are complementing part for each other as they together are
accountable for attaining business goals within specific time frame. Leaders are the guiding
force who motivates an employee to give their maximum efforts for completing task with best of
their abilities. Leaders of UPS mainly emphasis on enhancing productivity and performance of
its workforce. By involving them in decision making process USP make its staff confident
enough to take higher responsibilities and face big challenges in near future. USP adopts
Tuckman's model for development of its employees.
Tuckman's Model: This model all the essential steps requisite for a team members to
grow, tackle their problems, plan out their strategies, and deliver the desired outcome in most
efficient and formative manner. Mentioned below are stages involved in this model:
Forming: This stage involves making team aware about available challenges and
opportunities and their respective role and responsibilities in dealing with them (An, 2016). A
leader plays an important part in this step as he assign the tasks on the basis of skills, knowledge
and capabilities that individual possess.
Storming: It involves state of confusion leading to emergence of conflicts as every
member has its own style of doing a task . Also as people belongs to different backgrounds
works together the task becomes time consuming and tedious.
Norming: With span of time and as they starts working together employees gradually
starts solving issues between them without taking complaining it to higher authorities and begin
socializing with each other.
Performing: This step involves achievement of desired goals without any obstacles in
between resulting in higher level of motivation among them.
3.3 Review the effectiveness of team
In this era of immense competition, the team of UPS is very competitive and proficient.
Although employees are having capabilities requisite to perform their tasks they still required to
diversify their skills and knowledge to work in dynamic environment (Boone, 2015). Leader of
UPS are hard working and enthusiastic portraying an image of role models to be followed by

members. They help in creating a comfortable working environment where employees work in
mutual coordination and co-operation helping each other in performing task with minimum
issues or conflicts arising between them.
At the end of every week, a meeting is conducted in which both managers and leaders
evaluate work performance of their team member. Good work and efforts are appreciated by
management and people are encouraged to continue given best of their efforts.
TASK 4
4.1 Factors involved in planning the assessment and monitoring of work performance
There are various strategies used by UPS to improve overall efficiency and productivity
of their employee by providing them with appropriate training (CALIN, 2016). Mentioned below
is framework used by UPS for assessment and monitoring its work performance:
1. Setting up process and methods: It is of vital importance for every firm to set up its
own process that assists in attaining its goals in cost effective manner. Manager of UPS
gathers all essential information which assists them to formulate future strategies.
2. Feedback from customer: USP pay special attention on any feedback or suggestion that
is provided by its customers to improve its services so as to gain customer satisfaction .
3. Report: USP on daily or weekly basis collects market report and analysed for finding out
its areas of lacking or improvement (Cenderello and et. al., 2015).
4. Performance Appraisal: It involves measuring employee performance by comparing
actual with desired performance on basis of set standards and then suggesting corrective
actions to enhance productivity.
4.2 Assessment of development needs of individual
It is high priority for every firm to pay attention assessing the needs of its workforce
which helps in depicting and ascertaining behaviour of person towards its other co-workers and
in achieving in business objective. HR Manager of UPS has been proactive in assessing its
employees needs and has developed a plan which emphasize on identifying the contribution of
each employee in firm (Edge, 2016). Mentioned below are steps that are undertaken by UPS
manager for examining efforts made by individual in accomplishing firm's goal :
 Doing job analysis and job description of team members.
 Observing work performance of each employee.