Report: Understanding and Leading Change in the Morrison Organization

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organizational change and leadership, using Morrisons as a case study. It begins by comparing Morrisons with Sainsbury's, examining the impact of implementation on operations and strategies. The report then delves into the internal and external drivers of change, assessing their effects on team and individual behaviors, and leadership. It explores the use of SWOT and PEST analyses to understand these drivers. Furthermore, the report discusses measures to mitigate negative impacts of change, utilizing the Burke Litwin Model. It examines barriers to implementation and their influence on leadership decision-making, applying Force Field analysis. Finally, the report evaluates various leadership approaches to deal with implementation, considering different organizational contexts and leadership models, and determining the effectiveness of these approaches.

Understanding And
Leading Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1: Compare different organisational examples where there has been an impact of
implementation on an organisation’s operations and strategies..................................................1
M1 Ascertain the different drivers for implementation in each of the given examples and the
types of organisational change they have impacted company.....................................................3
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................3
P2 Describe the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect, team and
individual behaviours leadership within an organisation.............................................................3
P3 Describe measures that can be taken to reduce negative impacts of change on
organisational behaviour..............................................................................................................6
M2 Determine theories and models to critically ascertain organisational response to change.. .7
D1 Recommendations with valid justifications for planning effectively....................................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Discuss different barriers for implementation and assess how they affect leadership
decision-making in a given organisational context. ....................................................................8
M3 Use of force field analysis to examine the driving and resisting forces and determine how
they impacts decision-making......................................................................................................9
D2 Critically evaluate the use of force field analysis in the context of meeting organisational
objectives...................................................................................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P5 Put different leadership approaches to deal with implementation in a range of
organisational contexts...............................................................................................................10
M4 Leadership styles can deliver organisational change effectively applying appropriate
models and frameworks.............................................................................................................12

D3 Determine the effectiveness of leadership approaches and models of change management.
....................................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Leading changes in organisation leads to implementation in business policies, formation,
culture and technology, operations which improves business performance and expansion of
company. Changes is important for growth because it determines new challenges in
opportunities, global economy, retain competitive edge and going forward in the market which is
flexible in working environment. Changes in workplace is communicated by leaders to its
employees to give them training about the implementation in company. Changes is dynamic
which occurs when there is change in customer trends, structure and procedures of the business.
It is important for new opportunities emerging in market. Morrisons is the selected organisation
for this project. This is a retail supermarket in the United Kingdom which is founded by William
Morrisons in 1899 and headquarters in Bradford, England. The report covers impact in changes
in organisation operations and strategies, determines which affect changes in organisational
behaviour, barriers occurs in workplace which influence leadership decision making. Moreover,
it covers leadership approaches which affect change in enterprises(Booth, Wade and Walker,
2018).
TASK 1
P1: Compare different organisational examples where there has been an impact of
implementation on an organisation’s operations and strategies.
Changes takes place in exploring new opportunities in business performance and growth
which create new ideas and developing skills in a company. Changes formulates company
strategy, structure and trend in workplace. This report includes two examples of organisation
which is Morrison and Sainsbury's. Morrisons is a supermarket in United Kingdom and sell
products like clothing, food, drinks and books in the market. This impacts the changes in
products and technological changes which attracts the target audience.
Sainsbury's is largest organisation in retail of groceries in United Kingdom. The founder
of this company is John James Sainsbury and founded in year 1869. Sainsbury's sells products
offline as well as online such as clothing, decors and foods. This affects changes in relation to
operations and strategy that supports to increase in production.
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Comparison between two organisation
Basis Morrisons Sainsbury's
Strategical Changes It is the changes of plan that includes
essential implementation apart from
daily activities of the organisation to
increase competitive advantages.
Previous strategy of company is to sell
their products offline but they
implement their plan in future to move
their products to offer online services
which identify customers needs and
preferences.
Previously, Sainsbury's focus
on number of products but
they implement their strategy
after pandemic to give cost
saving programmes for the
growth of the company which
gives better quality of food at
lower prices
Operational Changes It is modification within organisations.
Company was working in limited scale
in their routine activities but they have
made changes and expand the stores in
multiple areas in United Kingdom.
This helps Morrison increase revenue
and sales in different places in
company.
In this, company changes the
services and distribution
framework in organisation
which improves their strategy
to increase their performance.
This benefits to build more
profit which gives success in
the business.
Structural Changes It is the changes which determines the
components of an organisation.
Company has followed functional
structure but after implementing the
changes it use divisional structure to
expand its departments and line of
business.
Organisation initially use flat
structure for their start-up.
Now, for the growth of
company it is using matrix
structure to diversify funds and
activities.
Therefore, after analysing these implementations the changes in Morrison and
Sainsbury's which results in achieving its performance in market and increase productivity of a
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company. Implementation can affect organisation to restructure their policies and make changes
to retain competitive edge in market. It helps Morrison and Sainsbury’s to attract the targeted
customers to stay in current trends. Innovation encourages businesses for growing in working
environment(Clack, 2020).
M1 Ascertain the different drivers for implementation in each of the given examples and the
types of organisational change they have impacted company.
Changes affect internal as well as external drivers of organisation which impacts overall
growth of the Morrison. These changes such as in policies, procedures and practices affects
changes in an organisation. Mangers are required to consider SWOT (Strength, weakness,
opportunities and threats) analysis is to protect them from threats and from its competitors and
PEST analysis related to the overall environment and have affected performance of the business.
SWOT helps to eliminate threats which are facing by company and maintaining their business
activities of Morrison and Sainsbury’s.
TASK 2
P2 Describe the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect, team and
individual behaviours leadership within an organisation.
Every changes in internal and external environment of organisation impacts leadership,
individual behaviour and teams which affect the goals, performance and expansion of company.
The internal and external drivers implementation affect individual behaviour, teams and
leadership of Morrison and Sainsbury's showing by SWOT and PEST analysis.
PEST analysis comprises of Political, Economic, Social and Technological. It is the tool
which helps to determine development of product and improves the profitability of business in a
competitive market. PEST analysis is the tool is used for management to ascertain macro
environment and changes to response in an environment effectively. The benefit of this analysis
is cost effectiveness(Clepper, 2018).
Political: It asses the government policy, taxes, rules and regulation which affects
business.
Government regulations impacts on Morrison's team and individual behaviour as due to
different rules and regulations of trade create the burden on UK retail supermarkets to run it
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regularly. By having new regulation team as well as leadership can be disturb to perform their
roles effectively.
On the other side, Sainsbury's is taking advantage of political factor as it follows tax
policy which are stable in UK that helps teams and leaders to work properly and get the profit in
the business.
Economic: It includes inflation, interest rate, unemployment, economic growth and
financing capacities which impacts company growth and performance.
Decrease in inflation rate helps team and organisation performance of Morrisons
increase the demand of products that is profitable for the company.
Increase in oil prices affect Sainsbury's leadership and behaviours which is expensive to
transport their products which result in low profit margin.
Social: It includes population growth, health consciousness, cultural trends,
demographics and organisational image which impacts on business.
Behavioural changes can impacts on team and leaders of Morrisons because after
pandemic people are conscious about health and wants that products which are organic that lead
to provide better quality products to customers(Dick and et.al., 2018).
Cultural trends affects Sainsbury's positive because it increase the sales of the company
as people are adapting new cultural trends in the market.
Technological: It assess emerging technologies, distributing goods and services, target
their market and increased training to use innovation.
Use of digitalization in business that impacts individual behaviour and leaders which
helps Morrisons to determine upcoming trends in the market that maximize their profits.
It affects cost negatively to Sainsbury's to develop their technology for serving
customers online products and services.
SWOT analysis comprises of Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats which
helps organisation to make business plans and overcome challenges.
SWOT analysis of Morrisons:
Strengths
 Performance of company helps to
expand its business which generate
Weakness
 Problem in online shopping due to
crash in site that impacts negatively on
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revenue.
 Products portfolio is useful to diversify
their product categories with the help of
individual as well as team behaviour.
 Morrisons has strong cash flow in
market that provide funds to the
company to develop new projects.
individual behaviour.
 High attrition rate as compare to its
competitors on skills of the employees
which impacts negatively on leadership.
Opportunities
 Increase in demand for organic
products for the growth in business.
 Technological advancement helps to
enter in new emerging market.
 Due to COVID pandemic helps
Morrison to increase growth in online
business.
Threats
 Changes in rules and regulations by the
government in market.
 High risk in technology because it focus
on online stores not on local stores.
SWOT analysis of Sainsbury's:
Strengths
 Retail and wholesale banking is a
strength which diversify their risk from
its competitors.
 It offers innovative promotion
strategies to its customers that affects
the leadership decision positively.
 Strong market share with diversified
business.
Weakness
 Tough competition in retail sector and
low price than competitors lead to low
profit margin
 High cost due to advance technology
which add expenses in the company.
 Changes in financial risk.
Opportunities
 Expansion of Sainsbury's bank in other
areas which maximize their
Threats
 Threat faced by Sainsbury's are
competitors which sells their products
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performance and growth.
 It can explore their business through
partnership in the market.
 Diversify their convenience stores for
the business growth in future.
at low prices in the retail sectors.
 Changes in currency that might affect
the sales of organisation.
P3 Describe measures that can be taken to reduce negative impacts of change on organisational
behaviour.
In the context to Morrisons such changes which impact on organisational behaviour will
minimize negative impacts through Burke Litwin Model which are described below:
Burke Litwin Model is a framework which identifies the changes within the enterprise
that make company to process easily that helps to ascertain the features of an organisation. There
are 12 elements in this model which are described below in context to organisation(Fernandez,
2019).
 External environment: External factors such as competitors, government, economy and
customers which influence the external environment of a company. Managers of
Morrisons can scan all problems outside the organisation and make strategy according to
them that helps to reduce the negative impacts in the workplace.
 Mission and Strategy: It describes the goal and purpose of company to achieve its
objectives and increase the growth of organisation. In the context to Morrisons,
administrator frame this model to minimize the impact which helps to set a vision
properly. The mission is to develop more product categories in the market to achieve
good performance.
 Leadership: Leaders gives path to the company about their strategy which influence
team member in the organisation. Managers in Morrisons will frame the Leadership style
to implement plans and motivate employees which helps in reducing impacts of change.
 Organisational culture: It is about norms, beliefs and behaviour of organisation which
influence the future growth of organisational change. Professionals use role culture to
give them work individually which help them to reduce negative impacts in company.
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 Structure: Changes in plan result to implementation of organisational structure. In the
context to Morrisons managers can use functional based structure which focus on
decision making and responsibilities based on their separate departments in the company.
 Systems: Systems is rules and procedure which support the employees and in business
operations. Administrators use the systems to work with their shareholders and
employees to regulate company policies from their competitors which helps them to
minimize negative impacts in an organisation.
 Management practices: Managers of Morrisons can use the working methods to make
organisation more efficient which helps them to plan organisational strategy which
reduce the negative impact on change of organisational behaviour.
 Work unit climate: Generally, issues arise when moving their offices or change in
policies of services so the managers should shape their working environment properly to
reduce the negative impact and build strong relationship between team members.
 Tasks and skills: Problems happens when there is new roles and position of employees
in organisation. Administrators can use skills and development programme to complete
their task responsibilities.
 Individual values and needs: Individuals comes from different culture and backgrounds
and they have different ideas. If any changes take place in the organisation, then
managers will take ideas and they take majority votes to apply that in the organisation
which helps in reducing the negative impact in the workplace.
 Motivational level: It is to inspire employees to set the goals in the company. Changes
in organisation manager of Morrisons identifies employee motivation level such as
update new levels and provide them training to ascertain the willingness which
employees will put efforts to achieve the organisational goals(Head and et.al., 2018).
 Individual and overall performance: It assess the performance of company such as
productivity, budget and customer satisfaction. Professionals see the performance of
employees, team and overall company that plans according to their strategy then there
will be no such negative impacts towards organisation.
However, the changes are accepted by company professional or management of
Morrison to accept the changes to improve business performance.
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M2 Determine theories and models to critically ascertain organisational response to change.
Changes can be in positive or negative which determine response in the organisation.
Company identify losses in the business so by taking Burke Litwin Model organisation can
analyse strategies, structure and procedures which helps enterprise to plan for the future goals
which evaluates he positive outcome for company. On the other hand, company implement
many changes in business but they are unable to handle these changes this can hamper
performance and growth of organisation in a negative way. This all changes ascertain the
response in organisation(Kilu and et.al., 2020).
D1 Recommendations with valid justifications for planning effectively.
From the above discussion it has been recommended Burke Letwin Model helps
company to frame the changes to plan the strategy of organisation and collect all the information
and ascertain the ways to communicate the changes to each person to avoid barriers in the
business. Morrison can apply this model to minimize the impact of change and it helps in
improving business operations to increase the growth in enterprise. Managers of Morrison
should adapt proper strategy to build strategy effectively which helps in reducing competitors.
TASK 3
P4 Discuss different barriers for implementation and assess how they affect leadership decision-
making in a given organisational context.
Force field analysis is a framework that helps to analyse variance between restraining
forces and driving forces which determine changes that take place in organisation. This analysis
can be used to balance problems that need to be handle by a company. It is the tool which helps
Morrison to identify forces for successful implementation of plan. In context to Morrison it helps
manager to assess forces which assist them to make decision in company. The objective of this
tool to identify forces that manager has to decide whether they have to continue or strengthen the
changes towards the goals (Kroll, Kelly and Rates, 2019). There are the steps to analyse the
barriers for change through force field analysis which are described below:
 Changing substance: This step is to define the objectives for changing substance. It
helps in analysing the situation of existing environment by tools and techniques to
determine the expected result of the changes. In this steps Morrisons, manager can
ascertain the environment.
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 Identifying changing forces: It ascertain the driving forces and restraining forces to
assess the situations which are favour and against the changes to achieve the
accomplished goals in company. This helps Morrisons to identify both the forces in the
organisation.
 Identification of forces against alterations: Eliminate all and choose the one forces
among the alternatives to identify which forces is best suitable for change in the
organisation and helps Morrisons in framing which change is effective in the company.
 Score assigning: In this step, manager has to assign scores on each forces based on their
impact in the initial by giving them rating to determine the goal and helps Morrisons to
decide which force will be effective for planning.
 Evaluation and execution: This steps is to implement the forces and plan to achieve
desired output with all the changes in the enterprise. Now, Morrisons evaluate their
forces to plan.
Barriers to change
Poor communication: It leads to communication gap and low morale between employees
and their team members to convey any changes which occur in the organisation. When
employees find ineffective communication it will be difficult to work mutually as a team in
company. It affects Morrisons decision making in the workplace which influence leaders in
making decisions related to their changes due to lack of proper information.
Negative employee attitudes: When employees asked about the changes but they refused
as they require new ways to think and doing their work which creates anxiety and uncertainty
among the workers. In the context to Morrisons, when they refused to participate then it can
hamper the success of the business. This impacts leader decision making as they have negative
attitudes towards changes in a company due to which they are not ready to get started for new
strategy.
Improper Planning and poor culture: This is the barrier to changes if company not follow
and not making proper planning this impacts leaders decision making to reach business goals.
The manager of Morrison requires strong planning to attain their targeted goals.
Force for changes: These are drive forces which are used to identify changes by
improving the changes such as plan, policies, rules and procedures. In context to Morrison,
increase in volume of products, improve production function and innovating new products in the
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