Understanding and Leading Change: Strategy and Operations Report

This report delves into the critical aspects of understanding and leading change within organizations, using case studies of Rent-A-Car and Jessop Group Limited. It begins by comparing the impact of change on organizational strategy and operations, identifying both internal and external drivers of change and their effects on leadership, team, and individual behavior. The report then evaluates measures to minimize the negative impacts of change on organizational behavior, followed by an exploration of barriers to change and their influence on leadership decision-making. Finally, it examines different leadership approaches to dealing with change in various organizational contexts, providing a comprehensive overview of change management principles and practices. The report emphasizes the importance of adapting to market demands, leveraging technology, and addressing customer and competitor dynamics to ensure organizational sustainability and success.

Understanding and Leading
Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
LO1.............................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Compare different organizational examples where there has been an impact of change on an
organization’s strategy and operations.....................................................................................................3
LO2.............................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Internal and External drivers of change affect leadership, team and individual behavior within an
organization.............................................................................................................................................5
P3 Evaluate measures that can be taken to minimize negative impacts of change on organizational
behavior...................................................................................................................................................7
LO3.............................................................................................................................................................9
P4 Explain different barriers for change and determine and how influence leadership decision –making
.................................................................................................................................................................9
LO4...........................................................................................................................................................10
P5 Different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organizational context..........10
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Understanding and leading change refers to a preparation for the group of peoples to meet the
problems that was generating at the time of implementing and initiating the change within the
organization. At the time of implementing change employees analyze the change processes and the
political, psychological and companies problems that face and generate at the time of adopting change
within the organization. Organization change defines an activity of declining, Growth and transformation
within the firm. The project considers the two firms first is Rent-A-Car and second is The Jessop Group
Limited in which manager can think to adopts change. This report is based on the change impact on a
company strategy and their operations. After that analyzing the drivers of change in an internal and
external way that affects the leadership, team and individual performance and behavior. Therefore, this
project report also studied the barriers to change that influence leadership and decision –making. At last
apply a leadership approaches to take an initiative to apply a change. This would help in enhancing the
profits and sales in the company(Espedal, 2017).
LO1
P1 Compare different organizational examples where there has been an impact of change on an
organization’s strategy and operations
Drivers to change
It refers to internal and external pressures that encourage and shape to implement the change in
the organization. And this is important at this time to adopts the change by using these two medium that
was present in the business nature. It is essential for the rent-a car company to indentify the change that
encourages the decision making and strategies and longer sustainability in the competitive market. These
drivers of change generate a large impact on the overall operations, functions and activities of the
enterprise(Nelson‐Brantley and Ford, 2017).
Case studies
 Rent- A – Car - It is one of the leading company that was proposed by the Jack Taylor since,
1957. In today’s business environment change is very important as to stay in the market with the
customer satisfaction. To meet the market demands they always stay in the heart of their
customers as long life.
 Jessop Group Limited - It is based on UK ‘s premier photographic retailer operating firm that
was developed by Jessops since 1935. As per the demand of today’s global business environment

adopting a changes is very essential to stay in the competitive market and earns a higher revenues
and growth in the business.
Drivers for change in an organization
 Customers- It is the first driver for change, in this implement and adopts change as per the need
and demand of the user(Coghlan and Shani, 2015). An organization can develop new and
innovative products to for the peoples. In Both the companies Rent-A-Car and Jessop Group both
need to adopts change according to the satisfaction of the customers to sustain in the market.
 Competitors - They are the most prominent term to adopts and implement the change in the
enterprise. In Rent-A-Car and Jessops to increase the sustainability and customer loyalty it is very
necessary to beat the competitors in the present market. For this managers of both the company
can bring the change in their strategies to stay in the competition for long period.
 Technology – In today’s business environment uses and adoption of advanced and new
technology is very essential. For attracting and retaining the customers and for longer survival of
firm like Rent-A-Car and Jessops it is significant to change their operating and production
functions in the organization.
 Globalization – It refers to a combination and interaction among peoples, enterprises and the
government all over the world. In both the companies like Rent-A-Car and Jessop Group, it opens
the doors to earns more revenues and attract large number of customers for this they need to
amend the change approach for stay in the global market(Mackey and et. al., 2015).
In this Rent-A-Car accepts and do a change on an emergent basis that is required by the business
environment for sustain in the competitive market. To meet the market demand they need to change their
and place their image in the customer heart in an attractive way.
In Jessop group Limited they accept the change by making proper planning. In this the manager of a
company can analyse the whole market and its situation and then develops the ideas and make a proper
plans to match the changing environment and stimulate demands.
Comparison between Rent-A-Car and Jessop Group Limited
Basis Rent-A-Car Jessop Group Limited
Customers In this company can offers a
interns and career prospects from
apprenticeships to grow their
opportunities and focusing on
In this manager of a company
can use modern way for photo
graphics and more investment in

recruiting new talent who has full
knowledge of market.
R&D to implement the change.
Technology Rent-A-Car make a strong image
for this they need to take benefit
from adopting the better
technology and serves better to
their customer. They need to
invest more and acquire the other
company.
In Jessops the implement change
in responding the solution the
solutions in use of new
technologies and spending more
on it.
Globalization Rent-A-Car is extending their
market for this they need to take
all the benefits of
internationalization(NHS
England, 2016).
Jessop Group has do their online
business and cover large area to
this they take the benefits of
globalization
Competitors They need to adopts the strategy
of acquiring other firm to make a
strong competition in the market.
Here, Jessop Group can
analyzing their competitor’s
products and according to that
develop their strategies by
implementing the change.
LO2
P2 Internal and External drivers of change affect leadership, team and individual behavior within an
organization
An evaluation is very essential for an organization and it can be dome in two forms such as on
internal basis or external basis that helps in drives the changes in enterprise Rent-a-car are mentioned
below.
Internal drivers for change evaluation
 Employee morale- It is an essential factor of drivers for change internally because behavior
helps in smooth decision making for the firm. in context of Rent-A-Car, they acquire another firm
because of this employees resistance can be affected or this process of implementing change can
be applied(Maccoby, 2015).

 Organizational culture – It is the important term to evaluate the internal drivers of change that
will affect the overall performance of the company. In context of enterprise Rent-A- Car, culture
is defines as a DNA of a business and helps in taking the decisions and solve the problems related
to an organization. To make a healthy culture they invest more time and energy because of
acquiring Burnt tree, manager face a challenge to manage the two different culture and from this
follow the best which affect the employees performance in a good sense(Yrjölä and et. al.,
2019).
 Financial resources – It is a life blood of any business that will affects the enterprises decision
making. In Rent-A- Car it may create an impact on behavior and decision making of acquiring the
other company named as Burnt tree who also deals in vehicle industry.
 Technologies – It is an internal driver factor that affects the company’s strategy. In Rent-A-Car it
creates a impact on a manager or a leader and an employee’s resist within the enterprises after
implementing the change.
SWOT ANALYSIS
Strength Weaknesses
 Allocation and reach – the main strength
of an Enterprise Rent-A-Car is that it has a
number of outlets in many states , therefore
strong network communication this make
sure that the products are available easily
which produce a large customers in a
timely manner(Lopez and Wise, 2015).
 Research and development- The major
weakness of the enterprise Rent-A-Car is
that they spend more on research and
development above their capacity and
because of this condition that spend less on
them.
Opportunities Threats
 Internet- It is the best source of creating
an opportunity because peoples are more
addicted to use internet all over the world.
This will helps an Enterprise Rent-A-Car to
expand their online presence to interact
with customers.
 Suppliers- The major threats of an
Enterprise Rent-A-Car is that there is small
number of suppliers because of this the
bargaining power is strong of suppliers.
This will increases the cost of production
and reduced the profits.
PEST ANALYSIS

 Political factor- This factor affects the profitability and longer survival of an organization. It
shows the political stability of a company. In Enterprise Rent-A-Car, it is very risky for the
customer to invest in because there are no policies for IP protection by the government for the
new entrepreneurs like Rent-A-Car(Sundberg and et. al., 2017). So its shows the negative
impact on the company goodwill because of these investors also don’t invest their money for
expansion of the company. Because of those company can change their policies and make a IP
protection for their products so that investors can invest their money and it is done on an
emergent basis as a business environment demands.
 Environmental factor – It is an important factor that affects the businesses function and its
operations. Because of current weather condition manage the transportation of product in Rent-A-
Car is very difficult as they will not deliver on time. On the basis of this change can be
implemented. It shows the negative impact on the company sales but when the weather is clear is
very helpful for the clients to deliver their products to one place to another.
 Social factor – This factor includes the age, population, caste, and region, social and cultural
barriers. In this Rent-A-Car chooses a right market for segments with high potential growth. in
this because of accepting the change in the company they can create a positive aspects and
atmoshwere within the society as they attracts the large base of customers.
 Technological factor – This factor affects the technology that was used by the company for
enhancing the business activities in the market. In context of Rent-A-Car, they use on-going
technology to stay in the market. For this they could use digital marketing for online presence
according to the demand of the customers and gain the competitive advantage(Glass and Cook,
2016). By accepting the change of using advanced technology helps in creating the
positive impact as they increase their customer base and earning more profits. on the
same time it will create negative impact as it includes more cost of using this techniques
this will affect the financial resource of the firm.
In Rent-A-Car major changes can be place due to the changing occurs in the external factors. It is very
important to accept the change as per the extrinsic requirements so that they can helps in sustain the
marketplace for a longer time. Because of accepting the change because of external factor there is a need
to do a change in the internal environment so that work can be done on that change basis so that targets
can be achieved on time and in an appropriate manner. It helps in boosting the employee morale of
working and earning a high amount of profits with large market share.

P3 Evaluate measures that can be taken to minimize negative impacts of change on organizational
behavior
Today’s business environment is very dynamic in nature and they create both good and bad
impact on the organizational activities. Due to this, manager can focus on reducing the negative impact
and implementing the positive ones in the company. In context of Rent-A-Car, manager can adopts the
system theory and Burke-Litwin theory that helps in ease the use of processes and rules and eliminating
the effect of negative environment. These two models are explained below.
System theory
This model represents the relation between the parts which connects the whole organization
process as a whole. It is the best source of interacting with the environment. A manager of a Rent-A-Car
is used this theory to arrange all the process in an efficient way. this can be described below (Baird and
Boak, 2016).
 Sub-system- It refers to the part of the bigger group is called sub-systems. This helps in making
the whole organization as a whole and helps in smooth running of functions and process. In Rent-
A-Car, this is a prominent company and have a number of employees in this making this sub-
systems helps in reducing bad and adverse impact of change on the enterprise by their efficiently
working(Pautz and Sadera, 2015).
 Synergy- It refers to a relationship between all the functions in the organization. in context of
Rent-A-Car manager must ensures that all the system and processes are connected and related to
each other and there is coordination present between all of them to earn high productivity.
 Open and close system- It can be of two types open system represents a large interaction with
the environment as compare to closed system this helps in receiving the raw material, capital and
labour from the environment and sell this to the society. In Rent-A-Car, manager can use the
open system so they positively affect the change and use of resources and helps in minimizing the
change.
 System boundary- It refers to that boundary which is different from the environment. It can be
of two types flexible or stable. If it is stable it affect the change in a negative way in Rent-A-Car
and if this is flexible it positively affects the change and it productivity.
 Flow – It refers to a flow of inputs into the system from the business environment and helps in
transforming the output and supply to the environment. In Rent-A-Car, manager need to
maintained this type of flow and manages very carefully so that it will not affect the change
negatively(Al-Haddad and Kotnour, 2015).

 Feedback- It is an important component of system software where a company needs to know that
the output is expected by the environment or not. In Rent-A-Car manager need to take feedback
so that it will affect the change implementation in a positive way.
Burke- Litwin change model
This model is an important factor model that is helpful in driver for change. Generally changes
can be depends on the environment and it is very important to understand this. For this Bruke model is
very successful and can be explained below(Iles, 2017).
 External environment – This is an important factor to manage the changes in the enterprises.
For this Rent-A-Car manager can take essential and necessary steps like use of environmental
friendly resources to minimize the negative impact of change.
 Mission and strategy- It refers to a vision, mission, goals and strategy of the company which is
taken by manager as per the employees’ point of view. In Rent-A-Car manager need to set the
goals as per the employee view this will help in reducing the negative impact.
 Leadership – They play an important role as they coordinate and collaborate all the activities. in
Rent-A-Car leader can motivates and coordinates all the team mates so that they will work very
efficiently and it does not affect in a negative way.
 Organizational culture – Culture play an important role in succession of every business. in this
Rent-A-Car may adopts a healthy and friendly culture in their organization. This will reduce the
negative impact of change(Metcalf and Morelli, 2015).
 Working climate- A healthy working environment in a Rent-A-Car business make to adopts
change without any hindrances. If they do not follow a good working climate from which worker
satisfied then it will negatively affect the operations.
 Motivational level- The motivational level of the workers in Rent-A-Car is very high and it is
not affected as the changes occur so it is not negatively impact the changes.
 Structure- It play an significant role as simpler the structure positive implementation of change
in Rent-A-Car if they follow a complex culture then it will impact negatively.
 System- If the system of the Rent-A-Car is not so good than it will negatively affect the change.
For this they maintain the proper system in every department so that it helps in earning more
revenues. And helps in acquiring the enterprise.
 Management practice – In Rent-A-Car there is a need of improvement in the management
practices so it will reduces the negative impact of change.

 Task and skills – There is a need to manage a task and skills of every employee in Rent-A-Car
so that the change can be adopts easily without effect negatively.
 Individual and general performance- This component is consider the quality, customer
satisfaction, efficiency and budget that is core activities of the business. If it is not stable change
cannot be implemented positively(LeMaster, 2017).
By using this two models company Rent-A-Car can minimize the negative impacts on the behavior of the
organizations and helps in earring the high amount of revenues and profits and also the longer
sustainability in the current business environment which is main motto of the firm. It also helps in
ehnaicng the performance of the employee so that they do their best. It also helps in taking the customer
feedback that helps in further changes according to the customers’ demands if needed.
LO3
P4 Explain different barriers for change and determine and how influence leadership decision –making
Barriers of change
 Lack of communication - It is an core barrier of change management where communication is
not done properly. In context of Rent- A-Car there is miscommunication between the departments
because of this they cannot adopts the change successfully. This factor affect the decision making
of the leaders(Zubairu and et. al., 2018).
 Employee resistance – It is the most common barrier of change management. In this Rent-A-Car
manager can implement change of acquiring other enterprise for this employees of the company
are affected as they leave the organization.
 Cultural barriers – It is the next barrier that was faced by the Rent- A-Car because of acquiring
the other company cultures are different in them and because of this implementing change cannot
follow properly. Because of these barrier leaders decisions can be affected negatively.
Force field analysis
 Reduced the training time- Acquiring new company helps in reducing the time of training as
they adopts more skills and experience worker because of this Rent-A-Car can implement and
developed the strategies for change. This force helps the manager to take proper and efficient
decision about the change. As per the demand of the employees and a customers (Struthers,
Tilbury and Williams, 2017).

 Boost morale- By using online presence of customers and use of technology helps in enhancing
the production and boost the morale of working by acquiring the firm helps in enhancing the
productivity. It is an important and a strong force that helps in decision making process of the
managers.
LO4
P5 Different leadership approaches to dealing with change in a range of organizational context
There are many types of leadership approaches that can affect and influence change in the
organization. In context of Rent-A-Car, manager can need to identify the suitable leadership approach so
that employees can be adopts change frequently.
 Autocratic leadership approach – It refers to that approach of leadership in which there is a
control of an individual over all the decision making and all the employees can follow the orders
without any choice. In Rent-a-car if manager use this leadership style than adopting the change is
very complex as there is no involvement of the staff members in the diecison making. At this
time if they acquire other enterprise and because of this changes are occur than there is more
employee turnover and they are dissatisfy with their jobs. Implementing this strategy is not so
successful at the time of implementing change in the company(Fragouli and Ibidapo, 2015).
 Democratic leadership approach- It is also known as the participative and shared type of
leadership approach where every employees have the right to take participate in the decision
making process. This is very successful style at the time of implementing change in the enterprise
Rent-a-car. Because of this every staff member will satisfy with their work and this helps
manager to convince them easily to adopts the change after the acquiring of an enterprise. For
Rent-a- car this leadership approach is very successful. And helps in enhancing the productively
and proficiently in the firm.
Kurt Lewin’s change model
Most of the companies face the issues at the time of implementing change. In context of Rent-A-
Car, manager can adopts a model of Kurt Lewin so the change can be implemented successfully and
decisions can be taken very easily and in an accurate way. it includes 3 components which can be
described below.
 Unfreezing – In this manager of a Rent-A-Car can analyzing the attitude, behavior of an
employees and environment of the business. And according to their way of thinking manager

make a plan that will help in convincing the workers to adopt change who resists it. At this time
manager can motivates them by offering them good incentive and bonus. Bu using this they
convince the staff members to adopts change(McGarry, 2015).
 Changing – After the refreezing, in this step every employees ready to adopts change and
because of this manager of Rent-A-Car can move towards to adopts and implement change in the
organization so it will benefited the long run survival.
 Refreezing- It is the last and final step where staff members can adopts the change easily as per
the set guidelines and rules and refreeze it. It helps in making the organization successful as per
the demand of the business environment.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is to be concluded that adopting change as per the demand of the
business environment is very essential. At the same time they offer various opportunities for enhancing
and extending the firm image. This project explains the impact of change in two different organizations
and its strategy and operations and helps in improving the performance of work. in this internal and
external factor affects the performance and helps in improving the quality of work by implementing
change within the enterprise. Further it explains the barriers that will affect the change decision and its
decision making and how the leadership approach helps in maintaining the process of change and easily
implements the change by applying the change model.