Understanding and Leading Change: Organisational Analysis Report

This report delves into the multifaceted realm of organisational change, focusing on leadership strategies and their impact. It begins by comparing organisational changes in Burberry and Marks & Spencer, analyzing the effects of political and environmental factors, and evaluating the internal and external drivers of change. The report explores different types of organisational change, such as transformational and remedial change, while also addressing the ways these drivers affect leadership, team dynamics, and individual behavior. It applies relevant theories and models to critically assess organisational responses to change and suggests measures to mitigate negative impacts. Furthermore, the report examines barriers to change, the influence on leadership decision-making, and the application of force field analysis. Finally, it evaluates various leadership approaches to managing change, assessing their effectiveness in achieving organisational objectives. The report provides a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of leading and managing change within an organisational context.

UNDERSTANDING AND
LEADING CHANGE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................3
P1 Compare different organisational example in which there has been a impact of
organisation change and strategies..............................................................................................3
M1 Drivers for change in each example and types of organisational change they affected.......6
D1 Conclusions and recommendations with valid justifications for planning change
effectively....................................................................................................................................7
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................7
P2 The ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour....................................................................................................................7
M2 Apply appropriate theories and models to critically evaluate organisational response to
change.......................................................................................................................................10
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour...................................................................................................................................10
TASK 3 .........................................................................................................................................12
P4 Different barriers for change and determine how they influence leadership decision-
making.......................................................................................................................................12
M3 Use forcefield analysis to analyse the driving and resisting forces and their decision-
making. .....................................................................................................................................13
D2 Critically evaluate the use of force field analysis in meeting organisational objectives.....13
TASK 4 .........................................................................................................................................13
P5 Apply different leadership approaches to deal with change in organisation.......................13
M4 Extent to which leadership approaches can deliver organisational change........................14
D3 Evaluate effectiveness of leadership approaches and model of change management........15
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Organisational change is the continuous process in which management of the
organisation plans to change its structure and strategies for the attainment of goals. It is very
much essential for organisation to understand the concept of organisational change.
Organisations needs to change its culture and strategies in order to achieve goals and objectives
in the best possible manner. With the help of organisational change better strategies can be
formed maintaining the competition level in the market(Aldarmaki, 2013). Changes in
organisation are generally made after analysing the need and demand of current situation in the
market. The organisation chosen for this report is Burberry which is the top British multinational
retailer of UK. It majorly deals in high quality clothing, and fashion accessories. Major topics
covered in this report are comparison of different organisation for knowing the impact of
organisation change, evaluation of the internal and external methods which affect leadership and
appropriate measures which can be taken for minimising negative impact of organisational
change. Various barriers which affect the decision-making process in the organisation will also
be covered in this report. With the help of leadership styles management of organisation can
easily achieve target in the best possible manner.
TASK 1
P1 Compare different organisational example in which there has been a impact of organisation
change and strategies.
Organisation structure generally plays a very important role in management of activities.
As with the help of this goals and target can be easily achieved if these changes are made after
analysing current and present situation(Amey,2010). There are different organisations in the
market which are operating there business with the major motive of earning more and more
profit. But of achieve these target management of the organisation generally requires to make
major changes in the organisational structure. As by doing this each and every activity can be
planned and coordinated in the best possible manner. Chances in the organisation structure can
also be done for improving the performance of employee's and also for introducing any new
product in the market. It is very much essential for Burberry to make changes in the organisation
after analysing the need and preferences of its customer's(Benn, Edwards and Williams, 2014).
New and latest techniques can also be used by Burberry for sustaining in the market for longer

period of time. Organisation change are inevitable in nature and dynamic in nature. So manger of
Burberry will be required to make flexible plans for the attainment of future goals and objectives.
Formation of the organisational strategy is a lengthy and long term process so the manger of
Burberry will be required to implement such strategies with the motive of overall development of
organisation(Biesbroek and et. al., 2013). Competitive advantage will also be easily achievable
by the organisation if Burberry is able to implement new and innovative strategies. Chances of
customer dissatisfaction of Burberry will be automatically reduced if organisational changes are
implemented in the systematic manner. For understanding impact of changes in organisation
strategies comparison of Burberry with its competitor i.e. Marks and Spencer is discussed below-
Basis Burberry M&S
Political
change
After the entry of Brexit major
changes have been taken place in the
political environment of UK. This
means currently the country is facing
high chances of political instability.
This has lead to major changes in the
rules and regulations of the
government. The management of
Burberry had to make major changes
in its working structure as per the
current changes of
government(Chappell and et. al.,
2016).
Strategies Brexit has directly resulted
in affecting the economic stability of
individuals in UK. Due to this people
are not able to buy luxurious
products .keeping this factor in mind
management of organisation has
decided to make changes in there
pricing strategy. This means Burberry
Brexit has also affected the working
structure of Marks and Spencer in a
negative manner. To maintain the
profitability and sale organisation is
required to implement new strategies.
With the help of these strategies
organisation will be able to decrease
chances of failure and risk in there
business.
Strategies:The management of M&S
has also changed its pricing strategy in
order to increase their sale and
profitability. Marks and Spencer is
now planning to use economic pricing
strategy so that its customer's can
easily buy the product. This will also
lead to increase in sale and

as earlier using premium pricing
strategy but now is planning to use
price skimming strategy. In this
organisation will charge high price for
the new product and after the period
of time its prices will be decreased.
Operation: Organisation in this type
of industry is focusing on making
changes in their working strategy so
that negative impact of political
stability can be reduced(Doppelt,
2017). Management of Burberry has
replaced its old tools and machinates
with new ones. So that unnecessary
wastage in the cost and time of
Burberry is reduced. Organisation is
also using Just in time technique so
that chances of political instability can
be reduced.
profitability of organisation because
customer's will be easily able to
afford the product.
Operations: Marks and Spencer is
increased its presence in the social
market. This is done by making
customer's aware about the discount
and offers to its customer's on social
platform. Lean manufacturing strategy
is used by the organisation in order to
reduce wastage in its production
process. This will lead in decreasing
the operational cost and increase in
profitability of M&S.
Environment
change
Individuals in UK are becoming more
and more concerned about the
conservation of environment. Keeping
this factor in mind organisations are
planning to introduce products which
does not causes harm to natural
environment. Burberry is also
planning to make relevant changes in
its operations and strategies(Edwards
Groves and Rönnerman, 2013).
Strategies To reduce negative impact
Marks and Spencer has also changed
its plans and operations as per current
environmental conditions. Changes in
the operations and strategies made by
the organisation are-
Strategies: For the effective

of environmental factor management
of Burberry in planning to improve
the quality of its products and is also
focusing on saving its inventory. The
employee's of Burberry has also
joined Britain clean and tidy initiative
so that environment can be saved and
conserved.
Operations: For reducing negative
impact of environmental factors
management of organisation is
focusing on taking part is various
initiatives related to conservation of
atmosphere. Plans and tactics are also
made for using the renewable
resources in efficient manner(García-
Peñalvo, García de Figuerola and
Merlo, 2010). This will help
Burberry in maintaining competitive
advantage for longer period of time.
achievement of goals and objectives
Marks and Spencer have make some
changes in its strategy formulation.
Organisation is focusing on
performing cashless transaction so
that deforestation activities can be
reduced. Marks and Spencer is also
focusing on not using plastic bags.
This initiative of organisation helps
them in conserving the environment
and natural resources.
Operations: Marks and Spencer is
using six sigma technique for
reducing and eliminating unnecessary
wastage in the production process.
Resources are being used in optimum
manner so that problems related to
environment can be solved in
effective manner.
M1 Drivers for change in each example and types of organisational change they affected
There are internal and external factors which directly affects the working of organisation
in negative and positive manner. Internal factors are related to culture of organisation, various
laws including employment and contract law,management of working behaviour, etc. While on
the other hand external factors include- inflation, deflation, change in political environment of
particular country etc.
Types of organisational changes

Transformational change: Management of Burberry can make strategies for reducing and
eliminating extra workforce. By doing this organisation will be able to save its cost and
resources.
Remedial change: In this type of change Burberry will be required to provide appropriate
training to its employee's so that chances of deficiencies in there performance is decreased.
D1 Conclusions and recommendations with valid justifications for planning change effectively
Internal and external factors can lead to increase in growth and business of organisation.
For instance internal factors like resources and capital of Burberry will lead to increase in profit
for organisation. Some of the major recommendations which can be given to company are-
 Management of organisation can make plans by involving its employee's in the decision-
making process(Gaubatz and Ensminger, 2017).
 Manager of Burberry can try to analyse the current and past situation so that changes can
be accordingly.
TASK 2
P2 The ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour.
There are various internal and external factors present in the marketplace that directly or
indirectly influences individual, team and leadership in different manner. Internal factors are
those which occurred inside the organisation and outside factors are those which occurred
outside the organisation. Internal factors affect organisation at a small level where as external
factors effect the organisation at wide or large level. There are various factors given below in
case of Burberry are :-
Internal drivers :-
Financial management :- Money is the base of every business and it is very essential to
start and run business. Without monetary system there is no business. In Burberry financial
mangers of the company take appropriate decision regarding spending money like introduce new
product, purchase of raw material, fund distribution etc. so without proper fund it is not possible
for the Burberry employee to perform their task as a individual or in a team effectively. If
appropriate fund is not maintained by the organisation then it is not possible for the leader to
implement and adopt various changes without money(Geroski and Jacquemin, 2013).

Resources :- There are various resources which effect the behaviour of individual as
well as team and leadership in the organisation. If all the resources such as human, technological,
financial and other resources are provided to the employees then they can perform their duties
and task more effectively in team or individual also. Burberry provide proper resources to its
organisation so this will leads smooth working by individual, team and leaders. Resources are the
important part of every organisation without it leader also not able to perform their task or not
able to use their leadership skills in proper manner such as motivating and encouraging
employees.
Organisational culture :- Organisational behaviour include proper scrutiny of the
mental attitude and behaviour of the group and individual in the enterprise. Organisational
culture is a essential part of the company. So Burberry focuses on the organisational culture such
as proper communication skills, participation of staff in decision making etc. that leads smooth
working by team,leaders and individual of the organisation. Proper organisational culture
increase the productivity of the company where as improper organisational culture negatively
effect the productivity of the organisation(Hellman, 2012).
Employee morale :- Employee morale and satisfaction is must required for the success
of the organisation because satisfaction and morale of the employee motivate to perform their
task as a individual or in team. The employees can perform their duties effectively only when if
they fell committed towards their work or job which they perform for the organisation. If any
workers and employer are not satisfied with their job or not feel committed toward their job then
it directly effect the productivity and the success of the company. So leader Burberry introduce
various programs that boost their intellectual confidence level of the individual as well as team
members of the organisation.
Poor delivery :- It is very big problem that effect the productivity as well as image of the
company. As time plays an essential role so company need to focuses on the deliver the products
on proper time so that this increases the brand image as well as productivity of the firm. Burberry
should use good distribution channel so that this will increase the satisfaction of the customers as
well as morale and motivation of individual employees, team members and leader of the
organisation. And if Burberry not focusing on the delivery system or proper time then Burberry
will faced huge loss in the future so company needs to deliver all the products on proper time to
gain customers loyalty(Hoonakker, Carayon and Loushine, 2010).

External drivers :-
Political :- Political forces includes government policies, tax policies , political stability
and government decisions that directly or indirectly effect the business environment of the
company. Burberry needs to follow all the rules and regulations which are formed by the
government. It is very necessary to pay huge fines and taxes if any rules are not followed by the
company, so this way political factors indirectly effect the performance and working of team
members, individual person and leadership skills of the employees. Due to this they also feel
demotivated or unconnected while performing various activities and task of the enterprise.
Economical :- The organisational performance is depends on the overall economical
situations such as inflation rate, interest rate, customers behaviour, currency fluctuation and so
on. Purchasing power of the individual directly effect the performance of the organisation such
as if it is low then individual as well as team fell unmotivated in playing their task such as
decrease in sales. Also, leadership also affected as workers do not follow any instruction of the
employers. Enterprise can also decline their excess man power to bring down the impact of
economical change. Burberry focuses on economic factors of the environment to ensure smooth
functioning of team members and individuals in the organisation(Jaegersberg and Ure, 2017).
New competitors :- Competition are increasing continuously in the market place and it
also create various problems for the other companies because they all are come up with new
technologies and innovation and provide product and services according to the needs and
demand customers by offering at reasonable rates. So, Burberry continuously focuses on the
customers taste and preference and developing their products according to the customers needs
and demand. Leader of the company also motivates individual and team members towards
change or new innovation so that they can achieve their organisational goals and targets.
Customer satisfaction :- It refers to how much customers are satisfied with the
products and services that are offered by the company. As all know without the customers there
is no existence of business. So Burberry continuously introduce new products or innovative
products according to the taste and preference of the customers so that they get satisfied with
particular product offered by the organisation and also can meet customers expectations towards
the product(Karbelkar and Hart, 2018). If customers are satisfied then individuals, teams and
leaders feel motivated by fulfilling customer expectations also build strong relationship within
organisation.

Technology :- It is very essential aspect to develop the business in the long run.
Technology is very important due to regular innovations and existing competition in the
marketplace. Burberry uses new trends and techniques while manufacturing their products this
will increase their productivity and it can also helps to perform better in this competitive market.
All these also helps the individual employees, team members and leaders to work more
effectively. New technology and innovation also helps the team members, individual employees
and leader in positive manner.
M2 Apply appropriate theories and models to critically evaluate organisational response to
change.
To interpret the effectiveness of the change within a enterprise,system theory is used.
System theory is alternative approach which helps in examine and thinking about organisations.
This is theory which helps the Burberry in cut down negative impacts of change on business
enterprise. This theory also solve many difficulties of Burberry which is occurred at workplace
while performing daily operations. According to this theory, Burberry needs to trust on many
policies that are formed by the government which is very essential when implementing the
particular change in the organisation. This theory also solve various issues and grievance
procedure of manpower properly. Also, if this system theory is adopted by the Burberry then
over all productivity of the organisation will increase and company can also achieve their goals
and objectives effectively(Keating Long and Wright, 2013). But as positive there are some
negative aspects are also there that this theory only focuses on the stabilise system of the
organisation. The organisation also have some aspects which are not stable that aspects are
ignored by the system theory and it only provide support to steady and slow changes of
organisation.
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour.
There are various measures taken by the manager of Burberry to minimise the impact of change
on working and performance of Burberry. Some of these measures are given as follows :-
 Participation of employees in change process :- Managers of the company should also
take suggestions or ideas from the employees this will helps to achieve the organisational
goals and target by proper decision making process with the involvement of employees.
If any duty is given to the employees of the company then they feel motivated towards

their work which make them more powerful advocates. If Burberry involves their
employees in the process of improving operations and strategies or any other decision
making process of enterprise, then they able to adapt these alteration very fast and
effectively. Also, this will leads more stronger relationship between employers and
employee of the Burberry.
 Proper education and communication :- Proper communication and education is must
required before implementation of any change in the organisation because this helps to
know the employees for what reason particular change need to be done. There is proper
effective communication and interaction between the members of the Burberry that helps
them in effective implementation of change. Mostly employees in the organisation are
not prefer any change or they are against the change so this kind of problems are solved
by providing proper education to the employees towards the change that why company
needs particular change by properly communicating them regarding the change.
 Negotiation :- Negotiation is a process which involves something worth for an
agreement. In this two parties are involved that negotiate or bargain with each other for
something in return. This process is very useful when the there is strong or powerful
source in the opposite of one party. In this there is a chance of blackmailing between
both the parties by using their powers(Martin, 2010). This process is basically used by
the companies by negotiating with the other one for something in return.
 Facilitation and support :- This is the process through which organisation minimize the
effect of change on performance and working of Burberry. In this managers of Burberry
helps the employees to deal with the fear that is faced by them towards the change by
providing them effective training and counselling programs so that they can easily use
new innovate technology that is setup by the organisation such as in case of industrial
change that is done by adopting new technologies and machines so mangers needs to
provide training and coaching to the employees regarding the working and operating
system of the machinery so that they run it properly without any fear.
 Don't keep people in the dark:- Change management is not a easy task that is
performed by the organisation. It is very mussy so that many companies appoint
professional consultants and HR specialist to conduct this change management process
very effectively. But there are various miscommunication and misinformation that are

scattering between the employees of the organisation because lack of regular
communication. So it is necessary for the managers to update real information to the
employees of the organisation no matter what they think so that they easily accept the
changes without any miscommunication. Mostly all the employees in the organisation are
against the change because of lack of regular information so that they starts spreading
unnecessary information in the organisation that will effect on image of the organisation.
TASK 3
P4 Different barriers for change and determine how they influence leadership decision-making.
There are various kinds of barriers which directly causes hurdles in implementing major
changes in the organisational structure. These barriers also affects the decision-making process
of manager of Burberry. If becomes essential for each and every organisation to implement
strategies for overcoming these barriers in a effective and efficient manner. As by doing this they
will be able to achieve competitive advantage within limited period of time. Some of the major
barriers which affects the work of Burberry are discussed below-
Poor employee participation: If the employee's in organisation are not able to
participate in the decision-making process than better strategies may not be implemented for the
future course of action. If there is less engagement of employee's in Burberry than high
authorities of organisation will not be able to implement relevant changes. For increasing the
participation of employee's Burberry can provide training to employee's(Moon and Cocklin,
2011). As by doing this they will be able to suggest new and innovative techniques in completing
the task. Organisation must try to treat its employee's as valuable asset. This is because it will
lead in creating sense of belongingness among employee's of Burberry.
Rules and regulations of government: Any change in rules and regulations imposed by
the government of UK will directly lead to barrier in decision-making process of the
organisation. It becomes essential for organisation to adopt these changes in the proper manner.
As by doing this chances of growth and development in their business will be increased.
Implementing policies will lead to increase in market share and profitability of Burberry.
Lack of transparency and poor communication- It is also necessary for organisations
to communicate the plans and strategies with each and every employee's in the systematic
manner. As by doing this complicated work of the organisation will be easily completed because