Introduction to Management: A Comprehensive Marketing Report on Lidl

This report provides a detailed marketing analysis of Lidl, a major player in the discount supermarket industry. It begins with an introduction to marketing and its importance in business, followed by an overview of Lidl's operations, history, and market position. The main body of the report includes a ...Read More

INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT..........................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
Specific areas of product market growth................................................................................3
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................10
Segments which provide Lidl Company with higher yield of consumers............................10
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................14
7 P's of Marketing Mix model to target the identified segment...........................................14
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................16
RECOMMENDATIONS..............................................................................................................16
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................19

INTRODUCTION
Marketing is the most important aspect of any business organisation, it helps in branding,
promoting and creating a certain image of the product among the customers and allows them to
maintain a sustainable position in the market. In other words, marketing is the management
study of exchange relationship among brands and their customers. It is the tool which is used to
create and establish various aspects of the products in order to gain the attention and attraction of
the customers. Marketing is one of the major aspects of the business organisation as it helps in
promoting and creating recognition of the products and services provided by them (Brar, Kumar,
Patil and Gade, 2018). It also helps in creating value for the customers and helps in identifying
their needs and expectations in order to provide them better services and facilities. Lidl operates
its business function in retail industry and was founded in 1973, the company owned 10,000
stores in approximately 28 European countries. It is Germany based supermarket chain who
provides discount products and services to their customers in order to increase their savings. The
main aim of this report is to identify the factors that influence the working of an organisation,
factors of customer’s segmentation and marketing mix model of the organisation.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
Specific areas of product market growth
Over past few years, the supermarket industry has seen a rapid change and growth
because of the economic growth of the market. The most important aspect of the super market
industries are ability and capability to control on hand stocks, attractive presentation of the
products and car parking availability. Lidl is expanded into high end chain of supermarket like
Aldi and Waitrose. As per the data of February 2018, the sales of retail stores have been
increased by 0.8 % as compared to the previous months (Boonpradub, 2015).

Illustration 1: The value of the grocery retail market in the United Kingdom (UK) in
the year to April 2014 and a forecast for the year to April 2019.

Lidl is successful organisation and it provides discounted products and services to its
customers with the motive to increase their savings. The company opened its first store in 1973
with the same concept of Aldi. These both organisations are major rivals and competitors of one
another, because the services and the offerings of both the units are exactly same. The first UK
store of Lidl was established in 1994. However, the growth and the development of the
organisation were very rapid and consistent. The major rivals of the company are Aldi, Tesco,
Sainsbury and Morrisons. The retail industry is highly competitive sector because there are
number of major and dominant organisations are present who operates their business functions in
Illustration : Statistic shows the market share of grocers in Great Britain (GB)
monthly from January 2015 to March 2017.
Illustration : Statistic shows the market share of grocers in Great Britain (GB)
monthly from January 2015 to March 2017.
Illustration 2: Statistic shows the market share of grocers in Great Britain (GB)
monthly from January 2015 to March 2017.

it. There are various factors that help in identifying the external and internal environmental
approaches to the organisation and support in identifying the key features that affects the
working of the organisation.
Marketing is stated to be one of the most important consideration of almost all sort of
firms as an assistance to effectively promote the goods in the market. It together assists in
provisioning a valuable experience to the users by clearly identifying their factual needs and
demands (Balasescu, 2015). It is therefore in order to provide them better services and fulfil their
expectations, marketing is referred to play an essential role in the entities. Lidl being a popular
discount retailer is famous for serving its products at an affordable range with huge discounts to
the customers that in turn satisfies their anticipated requirements in an effective way (Byrd-
Bredbenner, 2017).
SWOT Analysis of Lidl
SWOT analysis is used to identify the internal and external factors of the environment. It
helps in evaluating the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the organisation. For
the companies like Lidl, this tool is very important as it helps in analysing the measure that
examines the working of the firm. Lidl is the German grocer and it was originated in 1973, the
firm is now one of the top leading food retailers of the Europe (Abril and Rodriguez-Cánovas,
2016). The company is operating its business in UK since 1994 and it is the seventh largest chain
of supermarket in UK with market share of approximately 5.2 %. Lidl is very famous discount
based supermarket and it also believes in providing high quality of goods and product to their
customers in order to gain their trust and loyalty. British suppliers are the major source of
distribution channel in UK.
STRENGTHS
 Lidl is a German grocer.
 The company was founded in 1973.
 Lidl is one of the top leading food retailers of Europe.
 The company is operating its business in UK since 1994.
 The company is one of the fastest growing organisation of the United Kingdom.
 The recognition of the company is very huge.
 The company believes in providing high quality of goods and products at the lowest
possible prices.

WEAKNESSES
 The number of employees in the organisation is very less as compared to its other rival
companies.
 It has been seen that there is mismanagement in the stores due to the lack of the staff
members.
 There has been number of controversies that are attached with the organisation.
OPPORTUNITIES
 Lidl currently operates its business function in approximately 27 countries and owned
10,000 numbers of stores.
 The growth of the company in Europe is very tremendous.
 The company has plan of opening approximately 600 stores in the country.
 The US market is very critical for the retail industries; Lidl should be very careful while
operating its business over there because TESCO has failed to meet the requirements of
the US market.
THREATS
 There are very large numbers of competitors are available for Lidl.
 One of the biggest challenge for Lidl is Aldi.
 Its UK based competitors are TESCO, Sainsbury and Morrison’s.
PESTLE Analysis of Lidl
It is the tool which is used to analyse the Political, Environmental, Social, Technological as well
as Legal and Economic aspects of the working of the organisation. This is the tool which is used
for strategic planning of the business organisation and helps in evaluating and analysing the
various aspects of the business.
Political
The majority of Lidl stores are situated in Europe and currently, all these countries are free from
conflict so, threat to Lidl operation from war is low. On the other hand, there are numbers of
firms which have so many joint ventures and/ or business model of import/export create several
kinds of difficulties for Lidl.
Economic
After the economic recession of the country, there are numbers of problems which are being
faced by the organisation. It creates several benefits for Lidl as they provide goods and services

at very low prices in comparison to their competitors. Lidl is discounted supermarket store so it
provides goods and services at relatively low prices and thus, it gains the attention of the
customers, because they have to spend likely less amount of money for buying goods and
commodities. Lidl provides better goods and services at low prices to their core and potential
customers.
Social
Lidl has provided so many jobs to the unemployed people in the United Kingdom. It provides
good wages and facilities to its staff members and employees. Good and reasonable wages help
in leading a better life and allows the individual to eat good food, live in a better place and lead a
motivated life (Curtis, Lundholm and McVay, 2014). On the other hand, motivated and satisfied
employees will provide their full potential in growth and development of the organisation and
give their full support in the optimum utilisation of the resources.
Technological
Technologies are emerging in each and every sector these days, it is very important for the firms
to understand the needs of the technologies into their working so that they can work in an
effective and efficient manner. Lidl, didn't include technological advancements into their
working and sometimes, it becomes very difficult for the members of the organisation to keep
and track records about the various aspect of the working of the organisation.
Legal
The working of Lidl totally revolves around the norms and regulation provided by the members
of the firm. This company follows all the legal and ethical aspects that are essential in order to
conduct the working effectively and efficiently. It is important for the organisation to avoid the
disputes and conflicts that can create negative impact upon the working of the firm and its brand
image.
Environmental
Lidl provides assurance that any of these working doesn't affect the environment in any way.
They claim that they support the eco-friendly environment and there working is based upon that.
Competitor Matrix
Competitive Matrix is the tool that is used to establish the competitive advantage for the
company (Niedt, 2017). It helps in identifying the competitive tools of the company and

evaluates the methods which are used as the approaches which are used to find the competitive
edges of the company.
There is very huge competition in the retail industry, as there are number of similar organisation
who works to provide goods and services to their core and potential customers. The matrix can
be defined as the chart or the graphical representation of the competitive aspect of the
organisation. This can also be shared with the customers as the sales tool and helps in analysing
the competition of the organisation. However, the growth and the development of the
organisation were very rapid and consistent.
The major rivals of the company are Aldi, Tesco, Sainsbury and Morrison’s. The retail
industry is highly competitive sector because there are number of major and dominant
organisations are present who operates their business functions in it. There are various factors
that help in identifying the external and internal environmental approaches to the organisation
and support in identifying the key features that affects the working of the organisation.
Aldi is one of the major rival of Lidl, as both these firms offer common types of the
goods and services to their customers. The company owned more than 10,000 stores in
approximately 20 countries. And the overall turnover of the organisation is 50 billion
approximately, on the other hand, Morrison’s operates as the fourth largest chain of the
supermarket in the United Kingdom, the company was originated in 1899 by William Morrison,
as per the reports of the 2017, the overall revenue of the firm is 16,317 million. And Tesco is a
British multinational grocery retail whose headquarters are in England, the company was
founded in 1919 and its first store was opened in 1931. The overall revenues of the firm are
55,917 million, Whereas Lidl was founded in 1930 and the overall revenue of the firm was 4.7
billion, which is less than its all major competitors (Hult, 2017).
The Boston Consulting Matrix
The Boston Consulting Group product portfolio matrix is used in implementing long term
strategic planning for the products and the services to identify the growth opportunities of the
firm by analysing its portfolio of products to identify the areas where they need development.
Lidl can use this tool to analyse the factors where they need development; it helps in identifying
the weak areas and helps in addressing improvements for it.
Ansoff Matrix

This is the matrix which is used as a tool to provide a framework and a guideline which can help
the executives and senior managers to address the growth of the future. It is the business tool
which is used to evaluate and analyse the growth of the organisation. This is sub divided into
Market Penetration,
Market Development,
Product Development and
Diversification.
Lidl can use this tool to analyse and ensure their future growth and development. This technique
can help the executives and senior manager to analyse the future growth of Lidl.
TASK 2
Segments which provide Lidl Company with higher yield of consumers.
Marketing: It is the process of selling goods and services by creating its effective image
in the market through advertisements or various types of tools and strategies. This is an essential
process to provide growth and development of the organisation. Marketing strategies are the
tools and policies to implement efficient and successive business strategies. Good marketing
strategies help in generating growth and development of the organisation (Johnstone, 2014). In
helps the organisations to create their brand image and understand their significance in selling
goods and services. There is huge competition in retail industry so, it is very important for the
organisation like Lidl to maintain and establish their brand image among the customers.
Effective and efficient brand image is very important for the firm in order to create the
recognition and identification among the customers. Branding is the most important key and
aspect of working of the organisation, as it helps in creating a certain image of the product
among the core and potential customers. Brand Image is the tool which is used to sell the
products and services to the customers, an effective brand name helps in gaining the competitive
advantage and edge in the market and helps in maintaining the sustainable position of the firm
(Kiseleva, 2017).
Marketing is the concept which is used by each and every company in order to create
their image and recognition within the customer. Such techniques are used to identify the needs
and desires of the customers so as to provide them satisfaction. For initiating strategic business
management policies, marketing is one of the major concept.

Marketing essentials, is the strategy which focuses only on customers in order to provide
them goods and services of standard quality. It is the technique to identify the requirements of
the customers in order to create products and services that can lay emphasis on customer’s mind
and help in accomplishing their satisfaction level. Marketing is a philosophy of business, which
is used to make sure the consistency and stability of the products within the customers. It is the
basis of entire business organisation. Identifying and implementing needs and desires of the
customers is the core function of the market planning (Elenkov, 2014).
Principles of marketing are based on the basis on need, want and demands. It helps in
creating healthy relationship with the consumers in order to ensure growth and success of the
business
Needs: Needs can be termed as the general and basic requirements of the customer. Such
products that are meant to satisfy the needs of individuals are needed to be enhanced with some
effective strategies of inventions to easily convince the buyers.
Wants: Wants are not similar as a needs. Wants and desires of the human being keep on
changing but needs of the individual are constant. 'Wants' keeps on changing on regular basis
needs are permanent (Geppert, 2015).
Demand: It can term as desires and expectation of the customers. Demand is the desires
of the consumers regarding some specific goods or services. The demand and supply strategies
used by Lidl, in their business practices is very strategical, and that's the reason why the
company is holding top position since last so many years
Market Segmentation is the process of dividing the broad consumers market on the basis
of their needs and requirements. These sections are built on the basis of shared interests and
characteristics. There are various ways to segment the needs and the desires of the market and
their customers. The term market segment is used to define the approaches and the segment of
the market differently. This tool is used after fully analysing the needs, requirements, life styles,
expectations and desires of the targeted customers (Galmer, 2017).
Market Segmentation is the method of dividing the market on the basis of its potential
and core customers into different groups and segments on the basis of various kinds of the
characteristics. The members of such groups have some common characteristics and features
among them. There are various reasons which are responsible for conducting market
segmentation. It is the criteria which are used to divide the market into various sections.

BEHAVIOURAL SEGMENTATION
Benefits Sought
Different people seek different kinds of benefits from the product. Benefits that are available in
fruit drink are energy, good taste, vitamins, less prices and etc. Thus, benefit segmentation
provides an idea why the customer is going to purchase the particular product and commodity.
Benefit segmentation is fundamental because its objective is to provide reasonable benefits to the
customer. This is most crucial and important segment or section of the market, which is adopted
by almost every company.
Purchase Behaviour
Differences in purchase behaviour can be based upon the time the purchase has been made, of
reasonable time which is used in launching product or commodity. Whenever the new or key
product is being launched the main task is to identify the innovator segment of the market.
Brand Loyalty
Brand loyalty can be created by providing goods and services of better quality to the customers,
it motivates them to buy the same product again and again and helps in analysing the various
aspects of the customers by identifying their needs and expectations. Brand loyalty can be
created by assuring the customers and earning their trust. As there are number of substitutes are
available these days it is very important for the brands to provide goods and services of better
quality to their customers in order to earn their trust and loyalty (Jaworski, 2017).
Usage
The segmentation of the consumers can be conducted on the basis of heavy users, light users and
non-users of a product category. The market is divided on the basis of the user needs and
requirements. There is difference between the heavy and loyal customers. It is not important if
one is loyal customer than he must be the heavy customer.
Perception and Beliefs
Perceptions and Beliefs are strongly linked and connected to the behaviour. There are many
product and commodities who earn the recognition of the customers can make successful
business in the market. Some customers create a strong and valuable perception regarding the
technology and its usage (Jiménez-Jiménez, 2015).
PSYCHO-GRAPHIC SEGMENTATION

Lifestyle Organisation groups their people on the basis of their living styles which can be easily
identified on the basis of their activities, living patterns and opinion presented by them. The
company than identify the people with similar thinking and way of living in order of group them
or segment them. The people who follow normal and average living patterns are not willing to
buy expensive or over prices products while on the other hand people who belong to higher
economic background tends to purchase only costly products to maintain a high standard in the
society.
Personality
It is the major factor that is used to segment the market, because brand and the people are two
inter linked and interconnected aspects of the organisation. The personality of the individual lay
emphasis on the fact that what types of the product they are going to use which creates direct
manifestation of personal values.
Profile Segmentation
Even if behaviour and/or psychographic segmentation has distinguished between buyer
preferences, there is need to analyse the resulting segments in terms of profile variables such as
age and socioeconomic groups.
DEMOGRAPHIC
Age
Many consumer’s markets are segmented on the basis of age; like food or clothing.
Gender
The taste and preferences of male and female are totally different from one another. Thus, the
products offered for them are totally distinct.
Life-cycle
Using life cycle analysis allows the market to segment on the basis of various aspects and
segment market upon various factors like family responsibilities etc.
The grocery sector of UK is very huge and very impact full, approximately there are
around 91,509 stores currently operating in United Kingdom, and there are around three millions
of people who are involved in its working, as per the reports of the grocery and food distribution
the total sales in this industry is 150 billion a year but it’s expected to increase by 170 billion.
The grocery retail sector the UK has become more prominent in past few years. Lidl is one of the
major super market chain, the main significance of the organisation is that it provides goods and

services at the lower prices to their customers, thus it gains the attention of the customers and
their loyalty (Jaworski, 2017).
TASK 3
7 P's of Marketing Mix model to target the identified segment.
These are the element which will assist to the organisation to target them determine
segment on the basis of Product description, pricing objectives strategy, retailing objective and
strategies, brand image, integrated marketing communication. The 7P's of marketing model of
Lidl can be describe such as follows:
Products: This is an important aspect for the firm. A product can be tangible or intangible which
adds the value for customers. It can be alluding as the merchandise which is fabricate by the
association with the diverse components of creation for the utilization of end client that can be
said as items. There are two kind of items that can be substantial and elusive items. The
substantial items can be said as the physical accessible to the end client in which they can touch
the items on other hand impalpable items are the not noticeable but rather the end client can
either feel or they can encounter it. For example, administrations are incorporate into
impalpable. Likewise, the item in advertising can be put fore the purchasers and dealer for the
trading of cash for a specific items or administrations. There are various kinds of products
offered by the Lidl such as fruits and Vegetables, meat, fish, bakery, frozen food, and health and
beauty goods. Household products and many more. For instance, United Kingdom, 70% of the
firm good are provided by British farmer and suppliers. The organisation also sells various
exclusive brands of goods. For example, Oakland is the most alone brand of fresh fruits and
vegetables. Therefore, the intriguing feature of firm’s products strategy is offering continuous
world food theme.
Place: It can be referring as the location where the firms will provide the goods and services to
the customer or the channel of distribution which they supplied their products to the end user or
distributor. As the Lidl has an effective unit of local distribution centres to deliver quality
produce across the United Kingdom. Therefore, clients can shop form overall 650 stores of
company in the nation and overall 10000 store are situated across the Europe.
Price: It can be referring as the value adds for specific good and services for customers. The
price of the products is depended on the different factors of the company in which the cost is

involves in the process of productions. As Lidl is the discounter in which the main concentration
of the firms is on penetrating pricing strategies. The strategy of penetration pricing can be
defined as a tactic in which a large number of products are being sold in less price range. Lidl
rarely bargain prices as compared to its competitor such as Aldi. They maintain their prices due
to private label brand’s products which includes the less price goods.
Promotion: It is the procedure utilised by the association with various methods of ad, for
example, print media can instruct the client for different items, TV is likewise the most ideal
approach to mindful about the presence of the new item in market and radio is additionally they
compelling approach to pull in the client for any new contestant association in advertise. As Lidl
runs the integrated promotional campaign throughout the year (Jiménez-Jiménez, 2015).
Bulletin and accumulating are likewise the best approach to publicize the item to convey
attention to the client. once the association has received any of the methodologies to difficulties
their items and if the altruism has been made in the market the informal exchange will be the
best ad for any association to draw in the more clients. As Lidl often run TV advertisement
campaigns in various nations. They had developed an application “Lidl app” for the Android and
iPhone users or the customers to expend their recent and future offers.
People: It is the main element of the organisation which focuses to build the relationship with
the customers or the stakeholders. The personal training, commitment, incentive and appearance
as well interpersonal behaviour of the customer and employees. As Lidl give more important to
their customer which will help to increase the brand Image of the organisation (Kiseleva, 2017).
It is the important for the organisation to give various goods and services in less price for the
attracting more customer in front of the firm.
Process: It can be referred as the system of delivering goods and services to their customers.
Having an operative distribution unit to distribute locally, Lidl is able to deliver quality products
all across the United Kingdom. It is important for availability of goods and services to the
customer on time.
Physical evidence: It can be referred as the goods and services which are visible to the customer
in terms of the logo of the firm and branding of name of company can be termed as the physical
evidence (Geppert, 2015). As Lidl has an attracting logo and branding of the firm but most of
their products are private labelled branding.
Brand Image

Lidl is very popular German based super market chain, it is the private retail industry, founded in
1930. The first store of the company was opened in 1973 and it was founded by the Dieter
Schwarz. The store covers approximately 10,000 plus number of location in approximately 28
countries. These two are major competitors of one another. In general terms, brand image is the
recognition of the brand in the competitive market which helps in maintaining its uniqueness and
individuality (Gómez-Lobo, 2015).
This is mainly on considering an intense state of rivalry in the retail sector of UK that is
largely impacting upon the operational procedures of Lidl to a great extent. It is with a speciose
concern of establishing a positive brand image in the market and maintain the same to stay
recognised and a balanced identification (Dagevos, 2016). It is with a specific consideration of
Lidl’s branding strategy that must be effective to meet the expectations of the consumers to
further accelerate their sales as well as a continuous growth in the market. Such affirmative
branding is also proven to maintain a sustainable position in the market.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that marketing is a very important aspect of
any organisation. Marketing is the most important aspect of any business organisation, it helps in
branding, promoting and creating a certain image of the product among the customers and allows
them to maintain a sustainable position in the market. In other terms, it can be stated that
marketing being a study of management often demonstrates about the exchange of an effective
relationship among the company and its consumers. It is thereby used as a tool to attract a large
number of customers to buy the offered products and services and establish a retained
relationship with the clients. This is also on considering the way in which Lidl opts to segment
its market that in turn assist them to target a potential set of consumers. This way they are also
able to frame an effective strategy of pricing to coherently satisfy the factual desires of their
segmented customers that in turn fulfil the core demands of its targeted customers. Therefore,
clients can shop from overall 650 stores of company in the nation and overall 10000 stores are
situated across the Europe. From the report, it has also been concluded that Lidl needs to develop
some features into its working in order to compete with its major rivals. It has been seen that the
overall revenue of the firm is lower than all of its competitors.

RECOMMENDATIONS
This is to recommend some effective strategies of marketing to Lidl on the basis of above
acquired findings. Herein, it has been found that Lidl is quite backward in terms of using
digitalised techniques. However, using digitalised means is apparent to meet out the
requirements of today’s contemporary world in which, a large set of people are known to use the
modernised means of communication. It is therefore to address this consideration of a large set
of users, it is important for Lidl to build some effective strategies of marketing through social
media sites or their own website, etc. They can also refer mailing or messaging the clients about
any newly proposed discount offers in the store or via online purchase through sites, etc.
Introducing mobile app is also referred to be an effective strategy by which Lidl can consider
getting huge response from the buyers. This will not only accelerate their sales but will also lead
to a constant growth in the market to satisfy the changing requirements of the clients in today’s
dynamic market.
 The company can lay emphasis upon the quality of its product.
 The company can focus upon the standard and level of their offerings.
 It can focus upon its targeted customers.
 The company can identify the specific needs and requirements of their customers.
 Lidl can modify their distribution channel.
 The organisation can increase the staff members in order to ensure an effective
management of the store. The company can also lay emphasis upon its suppliers and
manufacturers in order to ensure an effective working of the organisation in the
competitive grounds.
 The company should be stable about its pricing strategies.
 The company must lay emphasis upon its major competitors like Aldi, Tesco and
Morrison’s.
 Lidl, didn't includes technological advancements into their working and sometimes, it
becomes very difficult for the members of the organisation to keep and track records
about the various aspects of the working of the organisation. So, it is important for the
organisation to use more technology to make effective operation and gain the competitive
advantages.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Abdul-Hamid, I. K., 2017, June. Sustainability Marketing: The 7ps Perspectives. In 5 th
International Conference on Contemporary Marketing Issues ICCMI June 21-23, 2017
Thessaloniki, Greece. (p. 595).
Abril, C. and Rodriguez-Cánovas, B., 2016. Marketing mix effects on private labels brand
equity. European Journal of Management and Business Economics. 25(3). pp.168-175.
Balasescu, S., 2015. Issues of innovations in large retailers marketing. Bulletin of the
Transilvania University of Brasov. Economic Sciences. Series V. 8(2). p.27.
Boonpradub, W., 2015. Brand Endorsement by Celebrity in Thailand: 7Ps of Marketing Mix and
the Impact of Brand Alliance. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance.
6(1). p.8.
Brar, V., Kumar, A., Patil, N.A. and Gade, S., 2018. An analysis of key growth drivers and
challenges in organised sector of Indian retail industry. Siddhant Management Review.
2(1). pp.29-40.
Byrd-Bredbenner, C., 2017. The marketing plan and outcome indicators for recruiting and
retaining parents in the HomeStyles randomized controlled trial. Trials. 18(1). p.540.
Curtis, A.B., Lundholm, R.J. and McVay, S.E., 2014. Forecasting sales: A model and some
evidence from the retail industry. Contemporary Accounting Research. 31(2). pp.581-
608.
Dagevos, H., 2016. 15 Beyond the Marketing Mix: Modern Food Marketing and the Future of
Organic Food Consumption. The crisis of food brands: Sustaining safe, innovative and
competitive food supply. p.255.
Elenkov, D., 2014. Experiential Exercise with Multinational Student Teams: Researching
Together a Multinational Corporation and Developing Jointly a Strategic Marketing Plan
for IT Using Blackboard. Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential
Learning. 41.
Galmer, A., 2017. The Role of the Pulmonary Embolism Response Team: How to Build One,
who to Include, Scenarios, Organization, and Algorithms. Techniques in Vascular &
Interventional Radiology. 20(3). pp.216-223.

Geppert, M., 2015. Micro-political game playing in Lidl: A comparison of store-level
employment relations. European Journal of Industrial Relations. 21(3). pp.241-257.
Gómez-Lobo, A., 2015. The entry of a hard discount supermarket: price effects/La entrada de un
supermercado de descuento duro: efecto sobre precios. Investigaciones Regionales. (31).
p.143.
Hult, G. T. M., 2017. Disruptive marketing strategy. AMS Review. 7(1-2). pp.20-25.
Jaworski, B.J., 2017. Commentary: advancing marketing strategy in the marketing discipline and
beyond. Journal of Marketing Management. pp.1-8.
Jiménez-Jiménez, D., 2015. Total quality management performance in multinational companies:
A learning perspective. The TQM Journal. 27(3). pp.328-340.
Kiseleva, A.M., 2017. Marketing strategy of the territory in the investment policy of the
city. Strategic Management. 22(1). pp.22-29.
Online
Johnstone, S., 2014. Lidl’s Strategy Is a Winning Strategy. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.kriq.com/Conversation/ConversationDetails.aspx?id=626964>.
Niedt, S., 2017. 7 Ways Lidl Is Disrupting Supermarket Shopping. [Online]. Available through:
<https://srginsight.com/7-ways-lidl-is-disrupting-supermarket-shopping/>.