Report on Line of Sight Link Budget Analysis for Wireless Networks

This report provides a detailed analysis of line of sight (LOS) link budgets in wireless communication, focusing on the calculation of Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) and link margins for varying distances (5KM and 10KM) and frequencies (2.4GHz and 5.8GHz). The FSPL is calculated for each scenario, and a link budget is determined based on transmitted power, antenna gains, and path losses. The analysis evaluates the impact of the calculated link margin on the availability and reliability of the wireless link, suggesting that a sufficient link margin, close to the recommended 30 dBm, ensures effective communication. The report references IEEE publications to support the methodologies and findings related to link budget analysis and wireless communication design.

WIRELESS NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION 0
Line of Sight Link Budget
Analysis

WIRELESS NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION 1
Line of Sight Link Budget Analysis
Question (a): Calculate the FSPL
According to the given case study and data, it is identified that the distance for two
signals are 5KM and 10KM and value of frequencies are 5.8 GHz and 2.4HGz.
So, as the case study, the value of FSPL in dB can be determined with the help of
following equation:
1. For d= 5KM and F=2.4GHz
FSPL (dB) = 20*log10 (5) + 20*log10 (2.4*109) + 32.45
By solving the above equation the value of FSPL (dB) can be calculated which is given
below
FSPL (dB)= 114.03 dB
2. For d= 10KM and F=2.4GHz
FSPL (dB) = 20*log10 (10) + 20*log10 (2.4*109) + 32.45
So, here the value of FSPL (dB)= 120.05 dB.
3. Now, At d= 5KM and f= 5.8GHz
FSPL (dB) = 20*log10 (5) + 20*log10 (5.8*109) + 32.45
Therefore, FSPL (dB)= 121.70 dB.
4. At d= 10KM and f=5.8GHz
FSPL (dB) = 20*log10 (10) + 20*log10 (5.8*109) + 32.45
So, FSPL (dB)= 127.72 dB.

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FSPL(
dB)
Distance (KM) 2.4GHz 5.8GHz
5 114.03 121.70
10 120.05 127.72
Question (b) Calculate the link budget
As per the given question, there are following parameters are used for determining the
link budget
Now, from the case study, it is identified that the link budget or margin is determined by
the following formulas:
Now, for finding the value of received power put all the given information in the above
equation which is given below [2]. Moreover, both transmitter and receiver antennas
are same so the value of gain is 24*2= 48dBm.
Received power (dBm) = 23 + 24*2 – losses (path loss)

WIRELESS NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION 3
So, Path loss= 20*log10 (5) + 20*log10 (5800) + 32.45
Path loss= 121.70 dB
Moreover, received power(dBm) = 23+48-121.70
So, here received power = -50.7 dBm
Now put this value in the above formula and link margin can be calculated which is
given below:
Link Margin= -50.7- (-72)= -50.7+72
So, Link Margin= 21.3dBm
Question (c): availability and reliability of the link
The below table shows the relation between the available link margin and link
availability
At 5KM the value of link margin is around 21.3 dBm which is sufficient for performing
an effective communication. Moreover, it is less because of large path loss present in the
communication [1]. So, from the above data, it is suggested that the availability of the
link is depended on the path loss and it is very important for consumers to provide
proper communication between the transmitter and receiver. Moreover, the value of
link margin is 21.3 which is near to the recommended value (30 dBm) so, the overall
link budget is reliable and effective.

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References
[1].Kiourti and, K.S., Nikita, “Miniature scalp-implantable antennas for telemetry in
the MICS and ISM bands: design, safety considerations and link budget
analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 60, no. 8, pp.3568-
3575, 2012.
[2].H., Elayan, R.M., Shubair, J.M. Jornet and, P., Johari, “Terahertz channel model and
link budget analysis for intrabody nanoscale communication,” IEEE transactions
on nanobioscience, vol. 16, no. 6, pp.491-503, 2017.