Literacy Report: Formal/Informal Comm, Skills, and Textual Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive overview of literacy, beginning with an introduction to the concept and its importance. The main body delves into the differences between formal and informal communication, exploring various functions of language and different text types and genres. It address...Read More

Literacy

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Difference Between Formal and Informal Communication........................................................1
Different Functions of Languages...............................................................................................1
Different Text Types and Genres................................................................................................1
Solutions to Problems Faced During Reading............................................................................2
Reading Skills.............................................................................................................................3
Writing Skills..............................................................................................................................3
Terminology Associated with Literacy.......................................................................................3
Skills Used in Written Language................................................................................................4
Literary Skills in at Least Two Learning Areas..........................................................................4
Spelling Skills.............................................................................................................................5
How to Plan Writing...................................................................................................................5
How to Edit their Work...............................................................................................................5
Critical Reflection the Effectiveness of Writing.........................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Literacy can be defined as the ability of an individual to write and speak at least one
single language. The following assignment will also focus on different literacy concepts which
will be further discussed. Additionally, it will also focus on developing strategies to develop
these skills and the factors helping in the development of literacy skills.
MAIN BODY
Difference Between Formal and Informal Communication
Formal Communication Informal Communication
Formal communication can be defined as the
communication which passes through
predefined channels of communication
throughout an organisation (Fracasso, Bangs
and Binder, 2016). In other words, this
communication can also be said as Official
Communication Process with more reliability
and low speed.
Informal Communication refers to the
communication channel which flows in every
direction which means moves freely in the
organisation. In other words, it can also be said
as Grapevine Communication which is less
reliable but more speedy.
Different Functions of Languages
The explanation of the different functions of languages are provided as under:
 The first function of language is about transferring information from one place to another,
person to another person and in many ways (Durodolu, 2016).
 The second function is related to expressing feelings, facts, emotions of an individual in
front of other person as there are also some words which are used to express feelings and
attitudes.
 It also fulfils the directive function of language used to express certain actions or
reactions. It is related to giving a command or requesting someone to do do or perform an
act.
Different Text Types and Genres
The following are some of the main text types which are discussed as under:
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 Expository: The following text types focuses on providing as much information as it can
to the readers in which the writer provides their own personal feelings and thoughts
regarding the topic or subject of discussion.
 Descriptive: This type focuses on describing the event, topic, character to the extent to
which it can in great detail in order to provide the reader with most of the necessary
informations (Georgiou and et. al., 2016).
 Persuasive: This text type focuses on convincing the people or the readers in which the
way in which the authors wants to them on the basis of their personal opinions and biases
of the author.
Genres:
Genres related to the categories and sub categories of the book to which it belongs. On
the very basis, the description of different types of genres are presented as under:
 Action and Adventure: The books written under this genre are a series of events or a
single event which occurs outside the real life.
 Anthology: This genre is a collection of series of work on short stories, poems, essays,
plays, etc. by different authors in a single volume of publication.
 Classic: These are the genres which are fictitious but presents and accepted as the most
influential and best books of some period of time.
Solutions to Problems Faced During Reading
At the time of reading, there are many issues which are faced by people such as issues
with decoding, poor comprehension, speed and many more impacting negatively on their
confidence and also on their performance (Palumbo and et. al., 2016). Solutions to the issues
faced at the time of reading are provided as under:
 With the help of taking breaks at the time of reading, it will be possible for the learner to
develop and improve the reading skills helping in future personal and professional
development.
 Speaking aloud is also important in order to make improvement in the reading skills by
an individual. As with the help of this strategy, it will be possible to improve the notes
and pronunciation of words which will help in making improvement in the reading skills.
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 By reading again and again, clarity will come in the words spoken by an individual. It
will help in improving the speed and correct pronunciation of the words by an individual
impacting positively on reading skills.
Reading Skills
It refers to those skills which leads to an individual to interact with some written content
and gaining the meaning of content in the same way which it wants to convey. These skills are
acquired with the help of early childhood experiences of an individual which helps in fostering
the motivation and provided exposure to literacy to use. With the reading, it is also important for
the individuals to get to the meaning of those words in correct which it wants to explain with
continuation in practise of reading (Pan and et. al., 2016). As not only in a single day it is
possible for anybody to develop good reading skills but it takes time to read in a good way along
with getting the meaning as well. The strategy to be used to develop this skills is continuity in
reading. It is effective as this habit will make continuous improvement in their vocabulary as
well as pronunciation which is an important part of the reading skills.
Writing Skills
Writing Skills are also important skills for the personal and professional development of
an individual and also a part of communication. The following skill can be defined as the ability
of an individual to change thoughts into words with the use of proper grammar, punctuation and
some other important aspects of writing. Good writing skills helps an individual to develop
clarity in their messages or text. It is also helpful in making transfer and communicating large
number of audiences at a single time and easier and time saving in comparison to face to face
communications.
Terminology Associated with Literacy
According to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO), literacy can be defined as the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create,
communicate and compute using printed and written materials (Raish and Rimland, 2016). There
are different terminologies which are associated with literacy which discussed as under:
 Phonology can be defined as the pronunciation of the words in a proper way so that other
people could understand in the same way.
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 Orthography is related to the spell the words in a proper way so that it will be possible for
the individual to create meaning and make some sense from the word written.
 Semantics relates to word and meaning combinations as different words may consist of
same meaning but their uses are different. So it is important for the writer to understand
properly about the meaning of different words and to make the vocabulary strong.
 Syntax terminology provides the writer with the information about the use of grammar in
the sentences. For example, the use of tenses could impacts upon the meaning of
complete sentences. As such “is” is used for present but in case if “was “ is written there,
than this will differentiate the meaning of sentence.
 Morphology describes about the patterns of word formation as such as there is a format
of making sentences. With the help of proper combination of words, it is possible to
create sentences which makes some meaning.
Skills Used in Written Language
The skills used in the written language are provided as under:
 Communication: The most important skill which is must for writer to write good content
is communication as to the level to which the individual is able to express, their ideas,
thoughts, feelings, facts and transform into words (Tichnor‐Wagner and et. al, 2016).
 Observation Skills: Many things are presented by the authors which are fictitious and
does not have any connection to the real world but they also become famous because they
have provided people with what they want and this has become possible with
observation.
 Reasoning and Problem Solving: New and creative ideas comes into the mind of an
individual but it is important to think about the critiques whether the idea is feasible or
not or will provide with positive results. So to decide about any option whether to choose
or not is also important to understand the problems in quick manner and also find the
solution instantly.
Literary Skills in at Least Two Learning Areas
Skills required in Personal and Social Learning. The description is provided as under:
Personal Learning: (Literary Skills)
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 Reflective Learning: It is an important skills which provides an individual with his own
strengths and weaknesses with the help of which it is possible to make sure about good
personal and professional development of the individual (Travis, 2017).
 Self Management: This skill makes an individual able to manage proper time and tasks
related to any work. This makes an individual to make the completion of work within
time and in an effective manner so that the works do not face any deficiency in
completion of the work.
Social Learning: (Literary Skills)
 Relationship Skills: As an individual lives in the society, so this skill is an important skill
for human beings to maintain good relationships with the people living in their
surroundings.
 Group Management: It is related to working in groups as there are some works in the
society which they do collective. For example, tree planting and environment
enhancement programmes which are carried out by the societies and they work together
so coordination is important and the proper working of the group is also.
Spelling Skills
These are not inherent skills but these are those skills for which an individual must have
good vocabulary. These skills can be defined as the skills which helps an individual to write and
spell the words in right way.
How to Plan Writing
Planning is very important function in every aspect as with the help of this, it is possible
for individuals to have a blueprint of their future plans. Likewise is also important at the time of
planning while writing content. The planning should be structured and format such as the first is
related to analysing the question, brainstorming, Planning, Research, draft, editing/revising and
the preparation of final draft (Westerveld and et. al., 2017).
How to Edit their Work
Having knowledge about the topic is very important to edit the work and with a
conscious mind. As by proof reading the content, it is possible to know about the deviations that
has been made in the work performed ad needed amendments could be made. In addition to this,
the sources of information could also be checked for knowing the reliability of data.
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Critical Reflection the Effectiveness of Writing
According to Hannah Frankman, 2017, in writing it is important to have good content and
good techniques to be used so that it could make some sense to the readers and also provides
with the proper meaning of the sentences. Along with this, the presentation of work is needed to
be in sequential, it should not distract readers from their topic.
It is true with sequential writing, it will be possible to create attention and interest of
readers. It will also fulfil the reasons why the topic is chosen and work is done.
CONCLUSION
From the above assignment, it has been concluded that literacy is an important aspect
which helps in the personal and professional growth and development of an individual. In
addition to this, it is also concluded that skills also play important role in enhancing knowledge
of people to develop their learning and way of working as well. Lastly, it is also concluded that
literacy skills are not only important for educational purposes but also for personal purposes as
well.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Durodolu, O. O., 2016. Technology acceptance model as a predictor of using information
system'to acquire information literacy skills. Library Philosophy and Practice.
Fracasso, L. E., Bangs, K. and Binder, K. S., 2016. The contributions of phonological and
morphological awareness to literacy skills in the adult basic education population.
Journal of Learning Disabilities. 49(2). pp.140-151.
Georgiou, G. K. and et. al., 2016. Modeling the relationship between rapid automatized naming
and literacy skills across languages varying in orthographic consistency. Journal of
Experimental Child Psychology. 143. pp.48-64.
Palumbo, R. and et. al., 2016. The Italian health literacy project: insights from the assessment of
health literacy skills in Italy. Health Policy. 120(9). pp.1087-1094.
Pan, J. and et. al., 2016. On the relationship between phonological awareness, morphological
awareness and Chinese literacy skills: evidence from an 8‐year longitudinal study.
Developmental Science. 19(6). pp.982-991.
Raish, V. and Rimland, E., 2016. Employer perceptions of critical information literacy skills and
digital badges. College & Research Libraries. 77(1). pp.87-113.
Tichnor‐Wagner, A. and et. al, 2016. Home literacy environments and foundational literacy
skills for struggling and nonstruggling readers in rural early elementary schools.
Learning Disabilities Research & Practice. 31(1). pp.6-21.
Travis, T. A., 2017. From the classroom to the boardroom: The impact of information literacy
instruction on workplace research skills. Education Libraries. 34(2). pp.19-31.
Westerveld, M. F. and et. al., 2017. The emergent literacy skills of preschool children with
autism spectrum disorder. Journal of autism and developmental disorders. 47(2).
pp.424-438.
Online
Frankman, H., 2017. Six Rules for Writing Good Articles. [Online]. Available Through :
<https://medium.com/the-mission/six-rules-for-writing-good-articles-94f95be2ba3c>
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