MN3041QA: Literature Review on Motivation at Work Analysis

This literature review examines the concept of motivation at work, its significance in enhancing employee efficiency and company performance, and the various methods used to foster it. The review synthesizes existing research, focusing on the application of motivation theories such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Vroom's expectancy theory, and how companies utilize both monetary and non-monetary incentives to boost employee morale and productivity. The report analyzes published works from journals, books, and articles to highlight the effects of motivation on cost and time savings, and the importance of training and development. Finally, the review concludes by suggesting potential avenues for future research, emphasizing the continued relevance of motivation in the workplace.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Motivation at work is an important factor that need to be maintained by company to
increase the efficiency of work and performance of each employee working for company. This
leads to accomplished of vision and mission of company through cots effective. Motivation also
leads to save time to complete work within the time limit if company (Tovmasyan, and
Minasyan, 2020). The motivation at work is given through training and development of
employees, rewards and incentive program to employee for there performance and recognition of
employee in company for the achievement that boost the morale of employee towards company
and gained trust and loyalty of employees.
The Literature review shows the secondary source of data which is already published by
authors. These are publishes through books and Journals, articles, newspapers, reports and
textbooks. The scholar use this source to know the understanding of topic selected and evaluate
the certain topics and analyse them to get the results of research.
MAIN BODY
Concept of Motivation at work
As per the view of Nugroho and et.al., (2020), motivation is process to increase the
working performance of employees in order to achieve the desire result by company. The
motivation of employee leads to enhance the efficiency of employees and increase the morale of
employee towards company that gain loyal employees in company. The motivation is being
provided by manager and leaders to their members. The different type of motivation is being
given to employees which are either monetary and non monetary. Monetary motivation include
incentives, compensation, financial allowance and bonus apart from salary. Whereas, non
monetary motivation are given through training and development, recognition and rewards to
employees, tour from company idea etc. are some factors that are used by company to motivate
employees. Further Mahmoud, and et.al., (2020) stated that, to complete the project or task of
company on time it is a essential aspect to motivate employee for their work to enhance their
efficiency and performance in company. It leads to save cost and time of company through
proper training process of employees that help to complete project and achieve the ultimate goal
effectively.

Different motivation theory used by company.
The Schmid, and Dowling, (2020) stated that, Maslow theory is being mostly used by
individual for there self-satisfaction I company and to increase the company performance. The
need are being set by individual that need to be fulfilled and this need start with the lowest level
that is from basic need which move upwards to self actualization. The first step of Maslow
hierarchy is Parapsychological need which state the survival necessities such as shelter, food and
water. Second step shows the safety of employee in work place through protection from threats.
Third step show the social that include belongingness and love of people towards each other
through friendship, love etc. fourth step shows the self-esteem which people are looking for
respect and recognition in society and company. Last step of this theory is self actualization
where the opportunity of development, learning and higher position and self realization of
potential and ability is being seeking by person and the hight level of motivation in individual
life.
Fujii (2020) stated another important theory, which is used by company is Vroom theory
of expectancy, where there are being two conditions of motivation and shows highly productive
towards the company. First, people believe it is likely that their effort of working will ultimate
result in success in company were motivated towards company and another condition is that they
believe they will be rewarded by company for the success of work they have being contributed
and increase the working efficiency of there performance. They Believe that high level of efforts
when there are relationship between they put and the rewards they need to get for those work
apart from salary. This Theory is being adopted by companies to motivate employee through
providing rewards of either monetary and non monetary terms. The incentives and other rewards
are being provided to employee for their extra efforts and involvement in success result.
CONCLUSION
From the above Literature review, it is found that companies are being using different
motivation theory in company to motivate their members of company and put their high efforts
towards the task they assigned. This ultimately increase the efficiency of employee in their
performance which done majorly through training and development process of employees. It
leads to save cost and time of company's project and complete daily routine task in effective
manner. The Maslow theory is used by company and individual to get the motivated through set
certain targets which start from basic need i.e. Food and shelter and end with self actualization of

person. Whereas, another theory is being used by company which is used is Vroom motivation
theory which motivate through know the desire result by putting efforts and get rewards by
company. This ultimate shows the details of motivation at work which help company to get
success.
However, this research is done through secondary sources which are considered books
and journals, newspaper and artifices etc. which are being published in the past. This research
can also be used by other scholar which are being working on same topic of Motivation. This
will assist other scholar to get the desire result they are working for and can help to known in
depth knowledge of topic and get ultimate result of findings.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Fujii, K., 2020. Workplace motivation: Addressing telework as a mechanism for maintaining
employee productivity. Portland State University, pp.1-36.
Mahmoud, A.B.,and et.al., 2020. “We aren't your reincarnation!” workplace motivation across X,
Y and Z generations. International Journal of Manpower.
Nugroho, Y.A., and et.al.,2020. Transformational Leadership and Employees' Performances: The
Mediating Role of Motivation and Work Environment. EduPsyCouns: Journal of
Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), pp.438-460.
Schmid, Y. and Dowling, M., 2020. New work: New motivation? A comprehensive literature
review on the impact of workplace technologies. Management Review Quarterly, pp.1-
28.
Tovmasyan, G. and Minasyan, D., 2020. The Impact of Motivation on Work Efficiency for Both
Employers and Employees also During COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study from
Armenia.
Online
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