Exploring Body Image After Mastectomy: A Detailed Literature Review

This assignment presents a literature review focusing on the impact of mastectomy on body image in women diagnosed with breast cancer. It highlights the rationale for choosing this topic, emphasizing the importance for healthcare professionals to understand the research process. The review touches upon the prevalence of breast cancer in the UK, risk factors, and how body image is affected emotionally, physically, sexually, and socially post-mastectomy. The methodology section explains the purpose of a literature review, followed by recommendations for educational and clinical practice to improve knowledge and independence in patients suffering from breast cancer. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of mammogram screenings, counseling sessions, and various clinical interventions like lumpectomy and mastectomy, while respecting patient's choice in treatment options. This document is available on Desklib, a platform offering AI-based study tools and a repository of student-contributed assignments.

Part B of the patchwork text: an
overview Component 1: peer
teaching

INTRODUCTION
•In the recommendation part after the literature review various
suggestions have been formulated that can be adopted after a person
has undergone breast cancer treatment and breast implants (Wolff
and et.al, 2013).
•After reviewing all the research paper in this dissertation it was
noticed that generally doctors advice mastectomy procedures to all
the women who are suffering from breast cancer in early or later
stages of life.
•Causes such as increase in blood pressure levels, uncontrolled
problems of diabetes, gene mutations, medical history and
excessive use of hormonal replacement therapy can contribute
towards increased rate of breast cancer in woman in present times
(Fan and et.al, 2014).

Patch work based on recommendations
Slide 1
• Generally oncologists state that cancer is not easily
detected because signs and symptoms which are
present in cancer are not visible at the early stages
(Al-Foheidi, Al-Mansour and Ibrahim, 2013).
• If a person is having pain in her breast from a very
long period of time then they should not ignore that
medical condition and should consult doctor on
immediate basis. Initial step for diagnosis of breast
cancer is done through mammograms (Harris,
Bergkvist and Wolk, 2016)

Slide 2
• Many physicians suggest that a person who has
undergone breast implants or different types of
breast surgery should also follow mammogram
screening after mastectomy (Wolff and et.al,
2013).
• Many women undergo bilateral or double
mastectomy in order to prevent the
development of breast cancer in another breast.

Slide 3
• Those patients require lot of counselling sessions
and mental support so that they are able to regain
their confidence after diagnosis of breast cancer.
• Mental health is deteriorated which ultimately
produces a negative impact on person’s physical
health and well being. There are three major
clinical and surgical interventions that can be
adopted by family members and individual
choice (Fan and et.al, 2014).

Slide 4
• If a person has undertaken the process of
lumpectomy then her breast will not be removed,
indeed all the tissues which had cancer cells
embedded in the, will be removed along with some
healthy tissues.
• Even a person has undergone breast reconstruction
after lumpectomy then she will be recommended of
baseline mammogram so that future mammograms
can be interpreted accordingly (Carlson and Roth,
2013).

Slide 5
• Another mammogram is done after a person has
undergone mastectomy. Although mammogram
is not needed in cases of mastectomy but
chances of encountering cancer in another
breast always persists if a person has suffered
from cancer in one breast .
• It should be completely the choice of patient so
that she is able to decide which intervention is
most suitable for treating her with breast cancer

REFERENCES
• Wolff, A.C. and et.al., 2013. Recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
testing in breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists
clinical practice guideline update. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. 138(2). pp.241-
256.
• Harris, H.R., Bergkvist, L. and Wolk, A., 2016. Adherence to the World Cancer Research
Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations and breast cancer risk. International
Journal of Cancer.
• Dehkordy, S.F. and et.al., 2016. Response to Letter Regarding the Impact of US Preventive Services
Task Force Recommendations in Breast Cancer Screening Trends. American journal of preventive
medicine. 50(1). p.e31.
• Fan, L. and et.al., 2014. Breast cancer in China. The lancet oncology. 15(7). pp.e279-e289.
• Salgado, R. and et.al., 2015. International TILs Working Group 2014: The evaluation of tumor-
infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer: recommendations by an International TILs
Working Group 2014. Ann Oncol. 26. pp.259-271.
• Engstrøm, M.J. and et.al., 2013. Molecular subtypes, histopathological grade and survival in a
historic cohort of breast cancer patients. Breast cancer research and treatment. 140(3). pp.463-473.
• Al-Foheidi, M., Al-Mansour, M.M. and Ibrahim, E.M., 2013. Breast cancer screening: review of
benefits and harms, and recommendations for developing and low-income countries. Medical
oncology. 30(2). pp.1-15.
• Carlson, J.J. and Roth, J.A., 2013. The impact of the Oncotype Dx breast cancer assay in clinical
practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment. 141(1).
pp.13-22.