A Literature Review: Enhancing Mental Well-being Through Resilience

This literature review explores the concept of mental well-being, defining it as more than just the absence of disease, but a state of overall health influenced by various factors including culture and the ability to cope with stress. It examines the role of resilience interventions and the PERMA model (Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment) in enhancing mental health. The review analyzes how resilience, built through factors like competence, confidence, communication, connections, and control, can help individuals manage anxiety and adversity. Cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness-based therapies are discussed as potential intervention methods to foster psychological resilience and improve mental well-being, ultimately reducing anxiety and stress while promoting positive emotions and life satisfaction. The review highlights the importance of addressing dysfunctional thought processes and promoting adaptive behaviors to improve overall mental health.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.............................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................3

INTRODUCTION
Having an enhanced mental well-being or being mentally healthy is more than just
having the neglected disease. It is generally a state of overall health. It is generally affected
by the culture, but it can simply relate to the enjoyment of the life. The concept of mental
well-being includes that having the capability to overcome with or bounce back from the
anxiety as well as the stress. The mental health as well as good health are as essential as the
physical health. Having a good mental state generally allows an individual to function well
including the social links, positive self-esteem and so on. The depression can generally be
triggered by many mental issues but this can also lead to various problems which causes the
mental illness including disorders such as anxiety, eating issues, use of drugs and so on. In
this report it will cover the various aspects of the mental well-being which can affect the
health. This report will also cover the model that can help to maintain the well-being as well
as can enhance the health by simply concentrating on the combinations of feeling good,
maintaining the healthy relationships as well as achieving the goals to improve well-being
(McCormick and Cushman, 2019).
MAIN BODY
The literature review generally presents an organized process of assembling the
secondary data regarding the topic. The primary aim of the literature review is to analyse the
concept of mental health with the help of PERMA model as well as the various resilience
interventions which leads to good mental health.
As per the view point of Isabella Helmreich (2017), the mental well-being is generally
a positive concept which is related to the individual’s social as well as emotional health. The
mental well-being is influenced by various factors such as the psychological, biological, an
environmental as well as the social factors that generally interacts in a very complex way. On
the other hand, the resilience is generally a capability to adapt to difficult the conditions. It
can involve a definition which can define the resilience as adapting well in the face of trauma
or a threat or the other particular sources of the anxiety. As given in the case study of Amira,
it is very important for her to overcome her level of anxiety so that she can keep her mental
health stable. It is an essential point to pay attention to because it generally depicts a move
away from a purely deficit-based model of the mental health to inclusion of the strengths as
well as the models which are generally based on competencies. It can enable the greater
concentration on the interventions as well as building the strengths in addition to address the
psychopathology. The improving skills of the resilience can generally aid an individual to
face the challenges as well as the difficulties in the life, that can aid an individual to feel more
better as well as can cope better. In addition to resilience factors, it can aid an individual to
handle the anxiety (as described in Amira’s case) more positively. The development of the
resilience factors is quite personal process as every individual can react in a very different
manner towards the stress as well as the trauma. There are many factors which generally
contributes to resilience such as competence and commitments, confidence, the
communication, the connections, and last factor is control. In contrast with communication as
a resilience factor, it includes the capability to share, understand as well as explore the things.
In this, it also includes the capability to reframe about what has happened. In addition to the
confidence as resilience factor, it involves the capability to visualize the goals as well as

believing an individual can impact about how the things turn out usually (Cherniack and et.
al., 2019).
The PERMA model generally represents the basic core elements oof the well-being as well as
happiness. It stands for the positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meanings and an
accomplishment as well. As it is an evidence-based approach which helps to enhance the
happiness as well as reduces the level of anxiety and stress as well (as in case of Amira).
According to the view point of author, the improvement as well as an evaluation of the
interventions which can involves a goal to foster as well as improves the psychological
resilience. The interventions involve aim to prevent the stress which are related mental
dysfunctions which generally concentrates on the very third wave of the resilience. There are
various different psychotherapeutic procedures as well as the methods which can give the
basis for resilience intercessions. In addition to this, the resilience can be negatively
associated with such indicators of the mental health such as anxiety, the negative emotions,
depression as well as its can positively associated to the indicators of the mental well-being
like the satisfaction of the life, and the positive emotions as well. It is important as it can
provide the strength which is required to process and can overcome the adversity. The
lacking of the resilience can easily get overwhelmed and may turn towards the unhealthy
coping mechanisms (as in case of Amira). The procedures or the methods which usually
provides the basis for its intervention such as the cognitive behavioural therapy, the
acceptance as well as the commitment therapy, attention as well as an interpretation therapy
and the therapy which is based on mindfulness (Davidson and Krause, 2018).
It was a major trauma for Amira that she has lost her brother and an injury on her
father’s leg as well as on his mind in an incident which impact negatively on her mental state.
By re-experiencing these such things can generally make her awakening in the mid night or
the nightmares. Due to such incidence, she did not even want to go to school as the loud
noises can trouble her a lot and making her feel depressed or anxiety. These such things can
make a very negative impact over her health as well as the mental state which her parents
want to provide the help from resilience coaching so that she can effectively recover well and
can focus on her future as she wants to become a doctor. In order to overcome, the
interventions include from the perspective of cognitive behavioural, the stress related mental
dysfunctioning such as the drug abuse, depression and so on generally can be considered as a
result of dysfunctioning thought process. When it comes to confront with the anxiety or an
adversity, an individual can generally express the maladaptive responses of the behaviours
due to the irrational cognitions. It is generally in line with the other major stress as well as
theories of resilience which assuming about this as it is not a stressor but its cognitive
appraisal can generally lead to the reactions of the stress. In addition to this, altering the
cognitive processes into the adaptive patterns of thoughts generally can produce the more
adaptive behavioural as well as an emotional response to the anxiety. By challenging a
person’s maladaptive thoughts as well as by training, managing the very new strategies that
are used to solve the issues, the interventions of the resilience are usually based on the
cognitive behavioural therapy as it might be advantageous in indorsing the factors of
resilience of the cognitive elasticity and so on (Dunne, Bishop, Avery and Darcy, 2017).

CONCLUSION
Having a good mental well-being is usually all about feeling positive. In this having a
good mental health can able to form the healthy relationships with other peoples. The people
who generally posses a good mental health is more likely be able to express as well as
manage the both range of positive as well as negative emotions. In this report it is concluded
that with the help of resilience, the mental well-being can be effectively enhanced. It is
concluded from the above report that the sue of PERMA model can effectively enhances the
happiness as well as reduces the anxiety levels or the stress levels which can eventually aid to
enhances the mental health of an individual.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Cherniack, M and et. al., 2019. A participatory action research approach to mental health
interventions among corrections officers: standardizing priorities and maintaining design
autonomy. Occupational Health Science, 3(4), pp.387-407.
Davidson, J. W. and Krause, A. E., 2018. Social and applied psychological explorations of
music, health and well-being. In Music, Health and Wellbeing (pp. 33-63). Palgrave
Macmillan, London.
Dunne, T., Bishop, L., Avery, S. and Darcy, S., 2017. A review of effective youth
engagement strategies for mental health and substance use interventions. Journal of
Adolescent Health, 60(5), pp.487-512.
Feldman, I., Gebreslassie, M., Sampaio, F., Nystrand, C. and Ssegonja, R., 2020. Economic
evaluations of public health interventions for mental health: A systematic literature
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dynamic appraisal of situational aggression with an embedded aggression prevention protocol
on aggression and restrictive interventions on a forensic mental health unit. International
journal of mental health nursing, 28(5), pp.1186-1197.
McCormick, M. and Cushman, G., 2019. Happiness when the body hurts: Achieving well-
being in chronic health conditions. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 28(2), pp.147-
156.
Otto, A. K., Gutsch, C., Bischoff, L. L. and Wollesen, B., 2021. Interventions to promote
physical and mental health of nurses in elderly care: A systematic review. Preventive
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Rose, T and et. al., 2017. Measuring mental wellbeing among adolescents: A systematic
review of instruments. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(9), pp.2349-2362.
Singh, H. and Sharma, U., 2018. Effect of forgiveness on psychological well-being. Indian
Journal of Positive Psychology, 9(2), pp.258-262.