Lithium Ion Batteries: A Review of Cathode Materials and Future Trends

This report provides a comprehensive overview of lithium-ion batteries, with a specific focus on the cathode materials used in their construction. The introduction highlights the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries in portable electronics and their historical development. The literature review delves into various cathode materials, including layered LiCoO2, LiMnO2, and LiNiO2, discussing their properties, advantages, and disadvantages. Detailed sections are dedicated to different types of cathode materials such as Lithium transition metal oxides, Spinel Li transition metal oxides, Olivine Lithium phosphates and silicates, Nanostructure metal oxide, Carbon oxide composites, Polymer oxides composites, Organic compounds, and Sulphur compounds. The report also addresses the challenges associated with these materials, such as toxicity, environmental concerns, and the availability of required elements, along with the opportunities for market growth and technological advancements. The report references several research papers and publications to support its findings, offering a thorough analysis of the current state and future prospects of lithium-ion battery technology.