Lower Back Pain: Analysis of Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

This assignment delves into the complexities of lower back pain (LBP), categorizing it into acute, subacute, and chronic forms based on duration. It explores the common causes, including intervertebral disc issues, and the multifactorial approach needed for effective treatment. The assignment exami...Read More

Answer no 1
Pain in the lower back is such a discomfort that is situated under the costal boundary and
over the inferior gluteal folds, such pain occurs with or without the leg pain. It is such a
pain that happen posterior in the area among the margin of lower rib and the proximal
thighs. The pain in the lower back is categorised into three subtypes that are the acute,
sub acute and the chronic pain in the lower back (Ikwugwalu, 2016). Such subdivision of
the pain is based on the pain duration. Lower back pain in it includes history of complain
and trauma of the pain with diffuse, groin, leg pain and nonspecific hip radiation. The pain in
the lower back that is continuous for the longer period of more than three months is
considered as the chronic pain. Around 80% of the costs related to the health care are
accredited to unceasing LBP (Alemo & Sayadipour, 2008). The main source related to the
pain is intervertebral disc. Treatment of the pains needs the multifactorial approach, for the
reason that pain is very multifarious. The treatment of the pain includes the long course of
the antibiotics among the certain population (Pfingsten, Lueder, Luedtke, Petzke & Hildebrandt,
2014). The pain that is observed in Sue was the result of ageing and is being experienced
from the last one month only. The beginning of distracted low back pain involves a variety
of factors, and socio-psychological factor are also considered as a significant cause, beside
physiological and structural abnormalities in the lower back.
Answer no 2:
The spinal segment L3-L4 is located in the centre of the lumbar spine; act significantly to support
the weight. The muscles, nerves and other delicate tissues in an agreat way assist the processes
such as the foot motion and knee extension. The condition of the back pain is Sue was the result of

nerve compression which includes the symptoms of numbness, tingling, and weakness. The
significance of the pain is as a result of the degenerative changes in the spine (Sasaki, 2013).
The pain experience by Sue is mild and includes certain therapies such as interferential
therapy and hot packs to reduce the pain as the pain is a pain is as a result of narrowing
intreverterbral foramen a usual traction of the inferior spin with receiving the pain
(Sasaki, 2013). The pain in the lower L3-L4 mainly is due to the reason of disc becoming
herniated which results into an unwanted contact between the nerve and the disc which
in turn causes the pain. The source of the pain in the lower back is as a result of the
surrounding ligaments and muscles that are irritated and inflamed as a result of ageing
(Goodman, Stehr & Agarwal, 2011). The other significance of the pain is due to the
enlargement of the facets point which narrows the open spaces of the spine and hence
causes the compression of the spinal nerves and in case of the Sue, the disc is
degenerated naturally due to age factor which changed the disc motion and thus resulted
in the stiffness (Eguchi, Ohtori, Toyone & Ozawa, 2011).

References
Alemo, S., & Sayadipour, A. (2008). Chronic Mechanical Lower Back Pain. Regional
Anesthesia And Pain Medicine, 33(Sup 1), e194.
Eguchi, Y., Ohtori, S., Toyone, T., & Ozawa, T. (2011). Surgical Experience in Cases of L5
and S1 Symptoms Caused by Upper Lumbar Spinal Stenosis of L2–L3 and L3–
L4. Journal Of Spine, 01(01).
Goodman, B., Stehr, S., & Agarwal, P. (2011). Inadvertent bilateral L3/L4 zygapophyseal
joint injection during a right L3/L4 interlaminar epidural steroid injection. The Spine
Journal, 11(11), 1078.
Ikwugwalu, A. (2016). Low back pain: Multidisciplinary approach in low back pain
assessment. Journal Of Pain & Relief, 05(05).
Pfingsten, M., Lueder, S., Luedtke, K., Petzke, F., & Hildebrandt, J. (2014). Significance of
Physical Performance Tests for Patients with Low Back Pain. Pain Medicine, 15(7),
1211-1221.
Sasaki, M. (2013). Groin Pain Caused by L3 and L4 Radiculopathy. Journal Of
Spine, 03(03).