Analysis of Sustainable Tourism Development in Maldives: Case Study

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ANAMARIA- UNIT 7: SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT {MERIT} (ICN)
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Executive summary
The concept of sustainable tourism development has been termed to be with the objective of
making lower negative impacts over the environment along with empowering regional culture so
that ample realistic future employment opportunities can be created. There has been found
competitive advantage, economic development and integration as ttourism development benefits.
By using Public private Partnership, there has been ensured necessary investments in public
sectors. The primary disadvantage has been the expensiveness of service or infrastructures that
are to be managed in terms of entailing to PPP. The tourism development procedure for Maldives
has been referenced with respect to regional, national and international level. In terms of
economy, the economic impact model has been favoured through consideration of direct effects
of supply chain which is considered conclusive of revenue generation by the tourism industry of
Maldives One of the major issues of sustainable tourism has been referenced in form of over
tourism which causes the overflow of resources along with having impedance on community
welfare misbalances. There has been leveraged use of marketing campaigns on a n extensive
limit so as to showcase their heritage and attractions to the world.
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................3
1.1. Tourism development benefits to various stakeholders........................................................3
1.2. Benefits and limitations of Public private Partnership (PPP)...............................................3
M1: Approach to research and study of PPP in tourism development........................................4
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................4
2.1. Key steps of tourism development procedures and feature analysis at each stage...............4
2.2. Interactive planning and its significance...............................................................................5
2.3. Tourism impact and the ways of measurement.....................................................................5
M2: Theoretical concepts of measuring tourism impact..............................................................6
D1: Conclusion and significance of interactive planning development......................................6
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................6
3.1. Concept of sustainability.......................................................................................................6
3.2. Reason for sustainability being an issue...............................................................................7
3.3. Identification and analysis of different sustainability tourism planning stages....................7
M3: Appropriate methods for analyzing various sustainable tourism planning..........................7
D3: Planning, management and organizing of substantial activities...........................................8
Task 4...............................................................................................................................................8
4.1. Examining issues of interest conflicts and methods of evaluation.......................................8
4.2. Implication of STD for balanced S&D.................................................................................9
4.3. Evaluation of moral and ethical issues..................................................................................9
D3: New ideas of resolving conflicts...........................................................................................9
Task 5.............................................................................................................................................10
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5.1. Comparison of tourism issues.............................................................................................10
5.2. Evaluation of future tourism development with recommendations....................................10
D3: New ideas for recommendations.........................................................................................11
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................11
Reference list.................................................................................................................................12
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Introduction
The concept of sustainable tourism development is termed to be with the objective of making
lower negative impacts over the environment along with empowering regional culture so that
ample realistic future employment opportunities can be created. In context of this the following
report would be focussing over the sustainability of tourism in Maldives and would be
showcasing their aspects highlighting their specifications, synergies and various approaches to
ensure the sustainability. Suitable recommendations would be forged in this report along with
putting concern over ethics and morale. A comparative analysis would be done against Thailand
in order to chalk out the relevant impacts of tourism and their aspects.
Task 1
1.1. Tourism development benefits to various stakeholders
The stakeholders in Maldives tourism can be considered as the various suppliers, local
inhabitants, tourism authorities and employees of Maldives tourism sector. The benefits of
tourism planning can be seen in form of economic development, integration and competitive
advantages. In terms of competitive advantage, Maldives inhabitants would be facilitated
through better resource utilisation and would be availed with scope of offering better offers and
services to their incoming tourists (Mowforth & Munt, 2015:13). Better resource utilisation can
lead to better sustainability. In terms of economic development, planning of tourism would
leverage employment for the inhabitants which would increase Maldives employment level.
The Maldives tourism industrial revenue would be evident for catering more tourists as to sustain
their planning. In turn, the economic valuation would lead to integration of Maldives tourism
sector. It would be enhancing the revenue model thus sustaining benefits from incoming foreign
tourists. These would be raising the economic valuation of Maldives.
1.2. Benefits and limitations of Public private Partnership (PPP)
Advantages of PPP
By using Public private Partnership, there can be ensured necessary investments in public
sectors. This is termed to be more effective for managing public resources. Thus it would be
affecting the utilisation of resources of Maldives tourism sector (Baum et al. 2016:811). In
addition, it would also be advantageous through ensuring quality and timely service provision
which can attract more tourists. PPP would also leverage effective use of capabilities in order to
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create opportunities and scopes. Thus through use of tourism team dynamics, tourism
sustainability can be entertained.
Limitations of PPP
The primary disadvantage would be the expensiveness of service or infrastructures that are to be
managed in terms of entailing to PPP. These can create financial issues for Maldives tourism
sector (Boley et al. 2017:69). PPP might leverage limitations especially for the ventures under
private category in Maldives regarding employment and sustaining condition of development.
Such obligations are likely to have impedance over their public sector indicators on final note.
M1: Approach to research and study of PPP in tourism development
In terms of Maldives tourism sustainability, issues are subjected to exist in form of weather
conditions and poor hospitality in some aspects which is disruptive for the economy. In terms of
PPP, the inclusion of early bonuses would further increase the efficiency which would be
beneficial for Hotels to grab the competitive advantage and renovate according to demands
(Espiner et al. 2017:1387). However the cost factor is likely to have negative impedance over
their management of PPP which would be disruptive for the hotel sectors of Maldives. This
would be disrupting their competitive advantages. In addition to this, it would also be disruptive
through being socially challenged regarding religious constraints.
Task 2
2.1. Key steps of tourism development procedures and feature analysis at each stage
The tourism development procedure for Maldives can be referenced with respect to regional,
national and international level;
Regional
The regional level is comprised of aesthetics regarding development of attractions within various
destinations in Maldives. It also facilitates through creation of various tourism strategies and
policies in order to make tourism promotion favouring Maldives. In this regards, the facilities
such as transportation along with hospitality sections are falling under this category (Pásková &
Zelenka, 2016:11). This sort of distributive nature of Maldives entails it to have their competitive
advantages at regional level.
National
The national level caters to both the high and low level strategic approaches for tourism
development of Maldives. The Controlling of tourism services along with accommodation
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facilities are catered at National level in Maldives (Boley et al. 2017:67). There are also
sustainability of legislations along with tourism policies for the sector with respect to enhancing
the structure of tourism sector.
International
On international level, the flow of tourists along with touring programs can be considered as one
of the international level features. It can be analysed that international level helps in sustaining
strategies regarding the development of country with respect to growth sustainability trends
around the globe (Mathew & Sreejesh, 2017:87). This would be effective for Maldives to stay
catered and updated with latest suitability trends and thus leveraging competitive advantage.
2.2. Interactive planning and its significance
The concept of interactive planning can be considered as the creation of future through designing
the present context with reference to management of present aesthetics and aspects. In this
regards, the Maldives tourism development authorities re with advantages with reference to
public private partnership which would leverage their interactive planning systems and process
their outcomes with new formats. The interactive planning systems are liable to showcase any
sort of negative and positive impacts which would be beneficial for resource development in
Maldives.
In addition to this, it would be advantageous through entailing marketing and planning which
would be giving them their desired growth. The interactive planning system would also be
evident for directing the Maldives tourism authorities through a sustainable working
environment by maintaining a balance of Maldives local communities,. These would be effective
for the tourism authority of Maldives to achieve their targets set.
2.3. Tourism impact and the ways of measurement
Economy
The economic impact can be revived in form of volume and value of tourist visiting Maldives on
an interval basis. It can be measured through use of economic impact model which would be
evident as guidance for the same. The model would be beneficial for highlighting total income
generated from tourism sector. It would also be pertinent to give analytics on supported
employments within their service sector.
Social
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The social constraint can be with impacts over trends of customers visiting Maldives on frequent
basis. Analysis of this factor can be termed through use of STEAM model (Cheer & Lew,
2017:13). The inputs of this model would be beneficial for analysis visitors’ impact highlighting
changes in economy. It would be evident for analysing the Maldives community lifestyles along
with the ratio of poverty level within various destinations in Maldives.
Environmental
The environmental impact can be favoured with respect to drastic weather conditions thus
triggering their economic damages (Mihalic, 2016:111). This can be favoured through use of
competitive scale of development consent which would give an insight of accrued impacts on
environment. It would produce analysis of the constraints to be concerned for highlighting
solutions against the pertinent issues.
M2: Theoretical concepts of measuring tourism impact
In terms of economy, the economic impact model was favoured through consideration of direct
effects of supply chain which is considered conclusive of revenue generation by the tourism
industry of Maldives. The information highlighting income generated along with number of
tourists incoming in Maldives can likely to give them the competitive advantage and strategic
approach to devise their plans for better development (Niñerola et al. 2019:1379). On another
hand, the STEAM model was effective to cater the lifestyle changes of Maldives communities
thus enhancing their attracted toward tourism development. The model also showcases their
poverty ratios which can produce analytics of tourism planning set up an the areas to be
developed.
D1: Conclusion and significance of interactive planning development
In terms of Maldives tourism conditions, the significance of sustainable planning stays evident
for ensuring that every organization level within the tourism sector is with involvement in plan
of sustainability (Mihalic, 2016:111). It would lead the tourism sector of Maldives to have
impedance over their budget allocation and spending thus gaining business sustainability.
Task 3
3.1. Concept of sustainability
The concept of sustainable tourism is reference to sustaining lower impacts over the environment
through having tourism activities along with generating variable future employment thus
leveraging growth to economy. In terms of Maldives, highlighting their natural resources and
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scenic beauties requires to have impedance over their economic growth by sustaining
employment levels and social cultural values. There are also requirement of having resource
efficiency for the tourism industry in order to cater the diversity (Boluk et al. 2017:13). The
concept also subtends for Maldives having hospitality tor improvement and to reduce their rate
production in order to maintain their tourist base along with environmental aesthetics.
3.2. Reason for sustainability being an issue
One of the major issues of sustainable tourism can be referenced in form of over tourism which
causes the overflow of resources along with having impedance on community welfare
misbalances. This in turn stays negative for depleting the economic balance of that particular
country or region facing the issue. In terms of such, Maldives can be seen with experience of
overtourism issue that hinders their suitable tourism management (Express.co.uk, 2019). As per
reports, it can be evidenced that in recent times, their tourist incoming has raised to more than a
million which has already caused the economy to suffer the tourism milestone cover-up.
This had stayed effective for depleting their sustainability through producing shortage of
accommodation along with sanitation issues. Other issues can be regarded in form of closure of
many tourists as for not hampering the environment due to over population of tourists.
According to Pásková & Zelenka (2016:11), it would not only be degrading the sanitation but
also would be disrupting the culture. Over Tourism also lead to invitation of foreign retailers and
marketers setting up their business on secondary node. This is generative of hindrances in
economic development of host country that depletes their progress.
3.3. Identification and analysis of different sustainability tourism planning stages
Various stages of suability tourism can be referenced as analysing the situation, objective
defining, setting up of strategies, applying the tactics and implementation plan and evaluation
tracking. One of the methods can be classified as the subjugation of regions available in
Maldives on the basis of demands and tourists attraction favourability. In light of this, Maldives
tourism authority can divide the demography on the basis of tourist visits. The strategy favouring
this would leverage a survey of their tourists to gain knowledge regarding their choice of events
and places (Niñerola et al. 2019:1377). The survey would be evident to give an insight regarding
Maldives tourist viability and thus would effectively produce an estimate of their incoming
tourists. This can be carried for tracking the incoming tourists in Maldives.
M3: Appropriate methods for analyzing various sustainable tourism planning
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Figure 1: Sustainable tourism model
(Source: influenced by Mathew & Sreejesh, 2017)
The above sustainability model can be referenced in favour of analysing the tourism planning.
Maldives tourism authorities through ensuring feasibility of their services and offers with aspects
can lead to better environmental and social sustainability. On another hand, the equitable funds
and proper financing can lead economic benefits thus managing social causes such as
infrastructure build up which can give them competitive advantage (Mathew & Sreejesh,
2017:87). Switching to environmental aspects, maintaining the sanitation level along with
sustaining eco friendly measures for saving the environment can lead them environmental
viability along with cause them to have endurance over their business aesthetics.
D3: Planning, management and organizing of substantial activities
The sustainability model can be used in favour of analysing the tourism planning. Through
analysing the situation, objective defining, setting up of strategies, applying the tactics and
implementation plan and evaluation tracking, Maldives can leverage competitive advantage in
sustaining tourism events.
Task 4
4.1. Examining issues of interest conflicts and methods of evaluation
In terms of conflicts management, Maldives tourism can cater to maintaining interpersonal
stakeholder’s relations, managing relationship among host and guest and concerning
acculturation. Maldives tourism can eliminate culturalization through entailing to cultural
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naturalisation for gaining the competitive advantage along with having resolved cultural
differences among their stakeholders (Espiner et al. 2017:1387). The host guest relationship can
be managed through enhancing their services, food quality and social patterns with reference to
cultural valuation of the incoming guests. There can also be preferred switching to traditional
approaches such as using arts to promote their cultural norms and ethics.
Stakeholder conflicts can be terms of planning, internal politics and decision making aspects
where a soothing communication can resolve the conflicts. The generalisation of communication
procedure can be termed as a solution and thus produce them their conflicts resolved (Canavan,
2016:231). A transparent can also leads to stakeholder satisfaction which can give them
enhanced productivity.
4.2. Implication of STD for balanced S&D
The concept of supply and demand can be leveraged as to reach the desired trust or customer
with their choice of products along with services thus entering to their satisfaction. The laws of
Supply and demand within Maldives can be seen pertinent so as to have impedance over their
market assets. This can be taken into concern as catering to choice of tourists and giving them
their enjoyment can lead to their satisfaction (Boley et al. 2017:67). This in turn can leverage
competitive advantage for Maldives along with having them leverage better statues of revenues
from tourists.
4.3. Evaluation of moral and ethical issues
One example of moral and ethical issue can be leveraged in form of enclave tourism that affects
the local tourism sectors. In light of enclave tourism, serving the tourists through every available
inclusive service can be used to block the local business from gaining advantage from the
incoming tourists. In Maldives the issue can be contested in form of larger hospitality sectors
enclave for meeting the customer's demand so as to give the local vendors the opportunity to
serve the incoming visitors (Baum et al. 2016:809). This in turn serves to have less integration as
for the tourists of Maldives getting avoided from the opportunity to enjoy native environment.
The poor integration also serves to be the reason for giving rise to ethical conflicts while serving
the customers. This also limits the employability of native communities of Maldives thus
disrupting the economic Accenture’s.
D3: New ideas of resolving conflicts
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There can be elimination of acculturalization through entailing to cultural naturalisation which
would give them their competitive advantage. In addition, there would be resolved cultural
differences among their stakeholders (Egresi, 2016:17). There can also be preferred switching to
traditional approaches such as using arts to promote their cultural norms and ethics.
Task 5
5.1. Comparison of tourism issues
A subjective comparison can be done for Maldives against Thailand being an emerging
destination for tourism;
Maldives Thailand
Economic impact ● Narrow economic
base
● Limited human and
natural resources
● Fair infrastructure
● 4.7% inflation rate
● 1.1% inflation rate
● Availability of human
resources in adequate
amount
● 1.20% unemployment
rate
● Adequate amount of
transportation and
infrastructures
available
Social impact ● Sovereignty of Islamic
relations in major
amount
● Population is 4.36 lacs
● Multicultural nation
● 6.9 Crores population
with advent of
technological
backgrounds
Table 1: Comparison of tourism impact
(Source: created by researcher)
5.2. Evaluation of future tourism development with recommendations
On comparison it was found that Maldives lacks more development than Thailand being an
emerging destination. In terms of social customs, there are requirement of ensuring multiple
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