Comprehensive Analysis: Male and Female Reproductive System Project

This biology project presents a detailed overview of the male and female reproductive systems. It includes an analysis of the structure and function of various organs, such as the scrotum, penis, testes, fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and vagina. The project also evaluates the effects of key hormones like estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone, and their roles in maintaining reproductive health and secondary sexual characteristics. Furthermore, it describes how the structure of each organ relates to its specific function within the reproductive process. The references cited support the information provided, offering insights into the male and female reproductive systems and their associated hormonal influences.

Task 1- Poster and Construction of a table
1.1 Presenting how the organ's structure relate to its
function
Male reproductive system
Scrotum: It act as a climate control system for testes and
helps for sperm development. It allows to contract and relax,
move the testes as well.
Penis: this helps to eject the sperm during sexual intercourse
and it has tissue that contain thousands of spaces which fill
with blood when a man is sexually aroused.
Testes: This are responsible for making testosterone that
further helps to generate sperms.
Epididymis: The main function is to store sperms cells and
bring the sperm to maturity as well.
Vas deference: it transfers the mature sperms to urethra or
to outside of the body as well.
Ejaculatory ducts: it basically empty into a urethra.
Urethra: it basically carries urine but when the men reaches
orgasm it ejects semen only and blocked the flow of urine.
Seminal Vesicles: it produces fructose which provides
sperms a source of energy.
Prostate gland: It nourishes the sperms.
Anus: It basically fills with faces and push it against the
wall of anal canal.
Rectum: it is the temporary storage tool in which waste
material are stored for sometimes.
REFERENCES
Hackney, A. C., 2016. The male reproductive system and
endurance exercise. Medicine and Science in
Sports and Exercise.28(2). pp.180-189.
Hess, R. A. And et.al., 2017. A role for oestrogens in the
male reproductive system. Nature.390(6659).
p.509.
Hoffmann, K. H., 2018. Oogenesis and the female
reproductive system. In Insect reproduction (pp. 1-
32). CRC Press.
Narang, K., Cope, Z. S. and Teixeira, J. M., 2019.
Developmental Genetics of the Female
Reproductive Tract. In Human Reproductive and
Prenatal Genetics (pp. 129-153). Academic Press.
Reynolds, L. P., Killilea, S. D. and Redmer, D. A., 2015.
Angiogenesis in the female reproductive
system. The FASEB journal.6(3). pp.886-892.
Female reproductive system
Fallopian tube: It helps egg to travel from ovaries to
uterus and fertilization also occur in this.
Ovaries: It produces eggs and hormones.
Vagina: It is the birth canal that helps to enters the sperm.
Labia Majora: it protects other reproductive organs and
are large as compared to scrotum in males.
Labia Minora: It is found inside labia majora and
surrounded the opening to the urethra.
Clitoris: It is sensitive to stimulation and can be erect as
well.
Fimbriae: it activated by hormones in order to catch a
released egg and then move it into Fallopian tube.
Urinary bladder: it stores the urine and by proper
signal it releases it into tube that helps to carry urine
outside a body.
Uterus: it accepts the fertilized ovum and then helps to
become it an embryo develops into fetus until the birth
of a child.
Cervix: It mainly allow the flow of menstrual blood
from a uterus into a vagina and at the time of
intercourse it directs the sperms into uterus.
Perineum: helps in childbirth, micturition, defecation
and intercourse as well.
Anus: It basically fills with faces and push it against
the wall of anal canal.
Oestrogen Testosterone Progesterone
 It is the group of sex
hormones that maintain
the female
characteristics.
 This also helps in growth
and development of
female secondary sexual
traits such as breast,
menstrual cycle etc.
 the imbalance of these
hormones will lead to
cause health problems.
 With the presence
testosterone, it helps to
keep the male
reproductive system
normal.
 Low level of testosterone,
will also leads to
infertility.
 In female, ovaries secrete
small amount of
testosterone and secrete
adrenal glands in both
system as well.
 It helps for the release of
an egg at the time of
ovulation in female
reproductive system.
 It plays another role in
brain function as a
neurosteriod.
 It also stops the muscular
contraction when the egg
is transported.
2 Evaluate the effects of Estrogen, testosterone and progesterone