Leadership and Management in Tesco: Operations Report Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Tesco's management and operations, examining the roles of managers and leaders, their application in crisis management and product launches, and the support of behavioral theories. It introduces Tesco's management structure, defines the roles of managers and leaders, and differentiates between management and leadership. The report analyzes leadership and management roles in crisis management and product launches, supported by behavioral theories. It also assesses the strengths and weaknesses of various leadership and management approaches, including situational leadership, system leadership, and Fiedler's contingency model. The report concludes with recommendations for improvements and the impact of managers and leaders on the firm. Furthermore, the report introduces key operations of Tesco and examines the external business environment factors on the decision-making process.

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
ACTIVITY 1....................................................................................................................................1
1) Introduce Tesco and its management structure..................................................................1
2) Define role of manager and leader as well as differences between management and
leadership................................................................................................................................2
3) Analysis various role of management and leadership in application to Crisis management
and major product launch , supported by Behavioural Theories............................................3
4) Assessment of the strength and weaknesses of various approaches to leadership and
management............................................................................................................................5
5) Conclusion regarding how manager and leader has made impact on firm and
recommendation for further improvements............................................................................7
ACTIVITY 2....................................................................................................................................8
1) Introduction of the key operations of Tesco......................................................................8
Covered in PPT.......................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Management and operation play a significant role in growth and development of the
business in the global market (Babich and Hilary, 2019.). Effective management helps the
organization to attain productive results in set time span. Management and operation need to be
changed as per the dynamic environment so that business can survive for longer time duration.
For the completion of the report Tesco is undertaken. It is located in Welwyn garden City, UK
and deals in distinguish groceries and general merchandise retailer. The CEO of the firm is Dave
Lewis. The subsidiaries offered by company are, Tesco, mobile, Tesco bank etc. This report
covers role and characteristics of leader and manager. Various theories are studies so that most
suitable theory can be adopted in the premises. Deep evaluation of operational approaches like,
TQM, JIT etc. are done properly. Numerous ways are identified to understand how operational
efficiency can meet set standards with the management and leadership approaches. Additionally,
examination is done regarding the impact of external business environment factor on decision
making process .
ACTIVITY 1
The two different scenarios where the role of leader and manager look in different
situation are Crisis management and a major product launch. In both the condition manager and
leader play their role as per the requirement. Crisis management is about what form need to do
when things go wrong (Copacino, 2019). Whereas, product launch is about how new product
permits organization to exploit new market and helps in attaining growth and secure long-term
employment workforce.
1) Introduce Tesco and its management structure.
Teco is the third retailer in the world measured by gross revenues. It came into existence
in the year 1919 by jack Cohen. It is listed on London Stock Exchange. Numerous products
which is offered by the firm are Hypermarket, Supermarket, Convenience shop and Superstore.
Hierarchical structure is adopted by Teso so that all the departments can be operated smoothly.
In order to establish internal control management, need a structured hierarchy.
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2) Define role of manager and leader as well as differences between management and
leadership.
Manager can be referred to as the person holding the role of managing the business tasks
and activities so as to ensure that the goals and objectives can be achieved in a timely manner as
per the organisational requirements. On the other hand, they are accountable to plan the things in
detail as well as they adopt transactional leadership style (David and David, 2019).
Role of manager:
Act as spokesperson: Manager of Tesco is accountable to talk about the picture of the
product and it's vision. Along with this it allows firm top exploit in new market and directly
assist in achieving long term employment workforce. Managers by performing their role
effectively they will be able to retain skill staff members for longer time duration as well as act
as spokesperson for the firm at the time of launching the product in the global market to the other
party.
Monitoring: In Tesco all day to day activities are monitored by manager so that the
allotted work can be completed in the set time duration. By performing the role of manager
properly competitive advantages can be gained against rivalry.
Leader can be defined as an individual who makes use of the authority to influence the
behaviour of employees in a positive manner and motivate them effectively so that the goals of
the company can be duly achieved by the workforce. They act as mentor, supporter, friend etc.
with their workers according to the situation by this can be pushed to come up with productive
results.
Role of Leader:
Execute Strategy: In order to full-fill the work leader is accountable to frame strategy.
By this Tesco can meet the emerging needs of the customers. Effective tactics framed by
leader’s aid employees to carry out their work smoothly without conflict and misunderstanding
at the time of major product launch (Feng and Shanthikumar, 2018).
Describe Vision: Leader in Tesco clearly define their team members what they have to
perform and how they have to do it. A vision is designed by them so that they can easily meet
their desire outcomes despite of management crises.
The differences between Management and Leadership are as follows:
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Basis Management Leadership
Meaning This can be referred to as the act of
effectively organising and managing
the activities of a business entity so
that its working can take place in a
smooth way.
This can be referred to as the power to
influence the behaviour conduct and
characteristics of employees in a manner
such that they can collaboratively work
for the accomplishment of corporate goal
and objective within due course of time.
Skills Hard management skills are adopted
by management. Example: typing
speed, computer programming,
Machine operation and so on.
Delegation, critical thinking,
communication and many more are
examples of soft skills which are adopted
by leadership (Gibson and Parkman,
2018).
Functions Planning, organizing, controlling and
directing are functions of management
in Tesco. By effectively performing
them competitive advantages can be
gained.
Action centred leadership,
Transformational dealership and
transactional leadership are used by
leadership so that they can motive their
co-workers of Tesco to perform the
assigned task properly.
3) Analysis various role of management and leadership in application to Crisis management and
major product launch , supported by Behavioural Theories
For both Crisis management and for product launch behavioural theory is adopted. Behavioural
Theories refers to as great leaders are not born, they are made. According to this theory learning
is supported by idea that all behaviours are acquired through conditioning. However, people
learn to become successful leader with the help of observation and teaching. Here, this particular
leadership theory does not focus on mental qualities rather focuses on action of leaders.
 Role of management and leadership in application to Crisis management supported by
Behavioural Theories
In Crisis management role of management and leadership are important so that things which are
going wrong can be rectified immediately (Guha and Kumar, 2018). Manager guide Tesco and
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leader guide their staff members and suggest what should be done to improve things which are
going wrong. By this best outcome can be attained in the specified time duration. Behavioural
theory indirectly helps in understanding attributes of the employees so that crisis management
can be managed appropriately. Some of the role of leadership and management are stated as
under:
Role of leader in application to Crisis management:
Taking tough decision during and after crises: Leader understand the situation in
Tesco and accordingly take best decision and motivate their co-workers to perform better.By this
emerging need of the customers can be full filled which is a positive mark for the business.
Providing strong leadership: To achieve the desire result in intense competitive
marketplace it's difficult. Leader of Tesco provide strong leadership so that employees are
assured that their problems can be resolved by their leader easily. It assists in building healthy
relationship with its workers.
Role of manager in application to Crisis management:
Gathering information: The role of manager is to gather information regarding crisis
management. By this smooth working premises can be given to the employees so that they can
work effectively and efficiently (Haendel, 2019).
Delegating responsibilities within a department: Manager is accountable to assign the
task according to the employee’s skills and abilities. By this crisis management can be managed
properly and things can be turned from wrong to right.
 Role of management and leadership in application to new product launch supported by
Behavioural Theories
Product is launched in the market as per customers’ needs and preferences. Behavioural theory
helps to better understand attributes of the customers. In Tesco role of management and
leadership in application to major product launch is important. Some of the role of leadership and
management are illustrated beneath:
Role of leader in new product launch:
Spokesperson: leaders are spokesperson who motivate their group members to perform better as
compare to earlier benchmark. By this launching of new product can be done smoothly in the
global market.
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Vision: Leader in Tesco is accountable top clear vision of new product among team members so
that they can raise their workforce efficiency accordingly to complete the assign task
accordingly.
Role of manager in new product lunch:
More hands-on responsibility: Role of manager in Tesco at the time of launching new product
in the market there are more hands-on responsibility on them. They need to monitor all the
activities and assure that they are completed in the set time duration.
Decision regarding investments: Manager of Tesco take decision regarding investment. They
decide how many new candidates will be required, which type of skills do they have, work
experience and negotiating criteria. Effective decision helps the firm to achieve their set
objectives in the specified time duration (Hazen and Hill, 2018).
4) Assessment of the strength and weaknesses of various approaches to leadership and
management.
The different types of approaches to leadership and management are stated below:
Situational Leadership: It refers to the premise that there is no appropriate or correct
way to lead a company. Firm is leading according to the conditions faced by them in the given
time frame. Within the confines of Tesco, this leadership is at times taken into use for dealing
with situations such as new product launch and crisis management. This theory of leadership
provides assistance to the leader in adapting their conduct in accordance with both the situations.
Strengths:
 This model is easy to understands and use in Tesco.
 Numerous developmental phases are taken into account so that best outcomes can be
attained by Tesco.
Weaknesses:
 Situational Leadership focuses on short term needs instead of long-term needs.
 In task orientated environment this model is ineffective (Thanasekaran, 2019)
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Illustration 1: Types of Leadership Theory
Source: Types of Leadership Theory, 2020.
System leadership: In this case, company is made up of different functions. All this
function are working effectively so that set goals and objectives can be attained effectively. By
this competitive advantage can be gained against rivalry (Heizer and Munson, 2017). This theory
of leadership is often put to use by Tesco for dealing with new product launch and crisis
management. Hereby, the leader emphasized over collaborative working so that the goals linked
to these situations can be effectively accomplished.
Strengths:
 This leadership style raises firm's adaptability to external change
 System leadership study Tesco not partially. By this loophole can be improved
immediately.
Weaknesses:
 Lot of time is consumed while performing this leadership style in Tesco
 Designed goals are not achieved in the set deadline.
Fiedler's contingency: This model refers to as effectiveness of leadership style and is
determined in distinguish conditions. It consists of three factors such as, leader employee
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relationship, structure of work and leader's power. This model is adopted in both the condition
because it helps in identifying which leaders are best and for which situations as well as
determine the effectiveness of a leader. Moreover, changes in this variable will explain
appropriateness of the leadership style like, task or relationship orientation. The adoption of this
style is done by the leader of Tesco in situations like crisis management and new product launch.
This theory provides aid to the leader in setting good link with the employees and structuring the
work within these situational contexts in an effective manner.
Strengths:
 This model is very flexible in nature so Tesco can adopt this easily
 in this model staff members opinions matters a lot in decision making process
Weaknesses:
 Fiedler's contingency is reactive in nature due top which in certain conditions it become
difficult for manager to tackle them.
 It is very complex approach and consumes lot of time while executing it in Tesco
piratically (Meredith and Shafer, 2019)
5) Conclusion regarding how manager and leader has made impact on firm and recommendation
for further improvements.
From the above discussion it can be concluded that leaders and managers has made
significant impact of firm growth and development. By playing their individual role effectively
they are able to meet the emerging needs of the customers. As well as crisis management and
new product launch situation are managed and handled properly in the global market.
Recommendations for further improvements are showcased as under:
 Both leader and manager need to perform their role according to the external
environment requirement so that firm can cope up with external forces easily.
 In an organization both manager and leader need to be more flexible so that employees
can share their grievances easily without hesitation.
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ACTIVITY 2
1) Introduction of the key operations of Tesco
Covered in PPT
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For the completion of the report Tesco is undertaken. It is in Welwyn garden City, UK and deals
in distinguish groceries and general merchandise retailer. The CEO of the firm is Dave Lewis.
The subsidiaries offered by company are, Tesco, mobile, Tesco bank etc. This report covers role
and characteristics of leader and manager. Various theories are studies so that most suitable
theory can be adopted in the premises. Deep evaluation of operational approaches like, TQM,
JIT etc. are done properly. Numerous ways are identified to understand how operational
efficiency can meet set standards with the management and leadership approaches. Additionally,
examination is done regarding the impact of external business environment factor on decision
making process.
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All this activity need to be performed effectively so that business can cope with rivalry
prevailing in the global market.
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