Management and Operations Report: Theories, Skills, and Leadership

This report provides a comprehensive overview of management and operations, focusing on leadership theories, management functions, and the differences between leaders and managers. It explores various management theories, including Management by Objective and Classical Mana...Read More

Management and
Operations
(LO1)

Content
 Introduction
 Management Theories
 Difference Between leaders and managers
 Functions of management
 Theories of leadership
 Action Centred Leadership
 Hard and Soft Leadership skills
 Conclusion
 References

Introduction
Management is the set of activity with the help of which the
companies achieve their organisational objectives. While an
operation is a function which is performed in the organisation
that helps them to carry out and manage the routine activities of
the businesses efficiently.

Management Theories
Management theories are the
general rules with the help of
which they manage the
organisations effectively.
They can efficiently guide the
employees working in their
organisation to achieve their
targets.

Management by Objective
Management by Objective is a strategic model which aims to
improve the organisational performance by defining all the
goals and objectives which are agreed by both the employees
and the management. It will improve the communication
among the employees of ASDA and the employers but it is a
time consuming procedure.

Classical Management Theories
In this management theory it is believed that the employees
have just two needs physical and economic needs. They do
not take into consideration the social needs of the employees.
Such theories are suitable where hierarchical structure is
followed.

Behavioural theory
As per this theory the mangers have to understand the
behaviour of the employees which helps them to motivate
them. They are treated as the resources of the organisation,
along with this their social and psychological needs are also
considered.

Difference Between leadership and
management
Basis Manager Leaders
Definition A manager is the one who has the power
the control and manage the employees and
the activity of the organisation.
Leaders are the one who has the ability to
influence the followers to motivate them
to achieve their targets.
Personality styles They are rational which helps them to
solve the problems easily.
They are generally comfortable in taking
the risk.
Focuses The focus of the managers is on managing
the work at the workplace.
While their focus is on the leading the
group and guiding the people.
Role Their role is to manage the operations and
the activities.
The role of the leaders is to encourage the
employees.

Functions of management
Management has to get the work
done from others for which they
have to undertake various
functions. Various functions are
performed by the management of
ASDA such as :

Continue…
• Planning: In this the mangers of ASDA formulate various plans by
identifying various objectives which they have to achieve in specific time.
• Organising: In this they allocate the resources which are helps by ASDA
among various tasks and activities which they have to perform.

Theories of leadership
Various theories of leadership are
used by leaders to motivate the
employees in ASDA. Some of
them are trait theory, contingency
theory, transformational theory etc.

Transformational leadership
In this style of leadership the leaders
considers the values, beliefs and the opinion
that they have. With the help of this the
employees can be provide various
opportunities that can motivate them to
consistently perform.

Transactional leadership
In this the employees have to follow the
instructions which they have been
provided by the employers. This style can
serve the short term objectives of the
company.

Action Centred Leadership
This is a model which was proposed by John Adair, this
facilitate to guide the use of management and leadership in the
teams. It can be used by ASDA as it will help the leaders to
manage the groups and to focus on the tasks which they have
to achieve.

Hard and Soft Leadership skills
Hard skills are associated with treating the employees strictly
and controlling them by way of punishments. Whereas the soft
skills are those which are used frequently by the leaders in
ASDA, in this the people in company make feel comfortable
by proving them guidance for every task they have to
perform.

Conclusion
It is concluded from the above presentation that managers and
leaders of the organisation effectively contributes to the
achievement of goals and objective. With the help of various
theories, approaches and models leaders influences the
employees to be focused towards the organisational goal.

References
• Beske, P. and Seuring, S., 2014. Putting sustainability into supply
chain management. Supply Chain Management: an international
journal.19(3). pp.322-331.
• Fiedler, F.R.E.D., 2015. Contingency theory of leadership.
Organizational Behavior 1: Essential Theories of Motivation and
Leadership. 232. pp.01-2015
• Qin, R. and Nembhard, D.A., 2015. Workforce agility in operations
management. Surveys in Operations Research and Management
Science. 20(2). pp.55-69.

Thank You