Exploring Management and Leadership Styles in Travel & Tourism Sector

This report analyzes various management and leadership styles within the travel and tourism sector, comparing approaches used by PKF Hotel Experts and Hilton Hotel. It examines autocratic, democratic, participative, and laissez-faire management styles, highlighting the leadership characteristics essential for success, such as communication, positive attitude, supportiveness, honesty, confidence, inspiration, creativity, and respect. The report evaluates communication processes, including verbal, non-verbal, and written communication, and discusses potential barriers to effective communication. It also analyzes organizational culture and change, focusing on functional, divisional, and matrix structures, and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of a developing manager, including motivating qualities, communication skills, employee skill development, and decision-making capabilities. The analysis includes a SWOT assessment, identifying personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats relevant to a junior consultant's management potential.

THE DEVELOPING MANAGER

INTRODUCTION
In the current scenario, the business has become an important part of economic conditions of
the country. The manager and supervisors play a vital role in the development and success of
the organization. The manager should develop effective strategies for growth of the
organization. A person who is completely dedicated towards his work and bring changes for the
betterment of the services is called as a true manager of the organization (Dixon, 2017). The
manager should maintain the good relationship with their subordinates to manage the business
functioning easily.
This assignment demonstrates the different management styles which are used by the manager
for the success of the organization. in addition to this, the assignment will discuss the different
leadership styles which are adopted by the PKF Hotel experts, which is a leading company of
travel and tourism sector in order to compete with other company named Hilton hotel which is
also a popular and leading company of travel and tourism. moreover, the report will be a focus
on different communication styles which is used by the PKF Hotel experts to maintain their
organizational culture (Bolden, 2016). At last the assignment will describe the weaknesses and
strengths of a developing manager which is important for the development and growth of the
organization.

LO1 UNDERSTAND PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF
MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR
1.1 COMPARE DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT STYLES
It is really important for the business organizations like PKF Hotel experts to adopt different
types of management styles for effective management of the organization. As the company
wants to compete with Hilton hotel which is also a leading company in the tourism sector of
UK. They need to adopt different management styles (Liu, et al. 2016). The managers need to
follow different management styles to improve the quality of work and manage the internal
and external factors which affect the organizational structure. Manager of PKF Hotel experts
adopts different management styles for achieving the desired goals.
POPULAR MANAGEMENT STYLES ADOPTED BY PKF HOTEL EXPERTS AND HILTON HOTEL
AUTOCRATIC
The Autocratic manager will take all the decisions on his own without taking help of his
subordinates. In this management style, the manager has strong decision-making power to take
decisions for the development of the organization (Massa, et al. 2015). The autocratic
managers are able to manage the organization with proper balance. The autocratic style of
leadership is adopted by the PKF hotel experts. The manager of PKF hotel experts having strong
decision-making power.
DEMOCRATIC
The democratic style is also known as the best management style which is adopted by the
managers of different organizations. In this style, the manager involves his subordinates which
will give him a better and innovative conclusion for creating effective strategies for the
organization (Nagle and Müller, 2017). This leadership style is adopted by the manager of Hilton
hotels. The manager support and guide the employees who are working with the Hilton hotel.

PARTICIPATIVE
In the participative management style, the manager gives opportunities to all the employees for
participating in the decision-making process (Aslam, et al. 2017). The manager can gain
different and innovative ideas from the employees which can be helpful for the growth of the
organization. This management style saves the time of the manager and provides him with
innovative results.
LAISSEZ – FAIRE
In this management style, all the employees have the responsibility to make effective and
attractive strategies. The manager will be free in this style. The complicated decisions will be
made by the senior members of the organization.

1.2 DISCUSS LEADERSHIP CHARACTERISTICS
A leader is a person who guides and direct his followers and helps them in solving their
problems. The leader must be honest with the organization and employees. There are some
main characteristics of a leader such as:
COMMUNICATION
Communication is one of the most important elements which brings better understanding
between the employees and leader (Marshall, et al. 2017). A leader should maintain consistent
communication with his team members to guide them for the task. Communication will be
helpful in gaining different views of the employees.
POSITIVE ATTITUDE
The leader must be having the positive attitude towards all the problems and situation. The
positive attitude brings self-confidence to motivate and guide others. The leader should
maintain the positive environment in the workplace to encourage the employees to achieve
their targets.
SUPPORTIVE
A good leader always supports his team members in attaining their goals. The leader must be
supportive and inspiring for others (Thornton, et al. 2017). If the leader supports his
subordinates in their work they will feel comfortable in the workplace.
HONESTY
A leader should be honest with the team members and employees. Honesty will bring better
understanding between the employees and leader. A leader should set equal policies and rules
for all the employees for managing the team with equality. Honesty is the policy of success.
CONFIDENCE

A leader must be confident towards his decisions. The confident leader is always admired by
others. Confidence brings strength to handle any kind of situation. The team members also
need a leader who is capable to handle any kind of situation and work pressure.
ABILITY TO INSPIRE OTHERS
A leader must have a personality which affects and encourages others. A leader should be
inspiring and supportive of his team members and others. Honesty and confidence make a
person a successful leader who can inspire others by his performance and hard work.
CREATIVITY
A good leader always brings creative changes in the organization to developing innovative
strategies and ideas which will be helpful for the growth and development of the organization.
Creative and innovative changes enhance productivity and profit ratio of the organization.
RESPECT
A successful leader always behaves humbly and respect others for their work and performance.
The leader must respect his team members and followers by giving them value for their
performance. Every team member who is working in the organization needs respect and value
for their hard work and performance.

1.3 EVALUATE COMMUNICATION PROCESSES IN SELECTED
BUSINESSES
Effective communication is really important for the growth and development of the
organization. PKF Hotel experts adopt different approaches for maintaining effective
communication in the organization such as:
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Verbal communication includes oral communication where the two and more people convey
their message orally. The PKF Hotel experts follow the verbal communication in which the
employees can communicate with their supervisors, leader or manager. In this process, the
employees can communicate about their problems regarding the work (He, et al. 2014). They
can also give feedback on any kind of issues. This is a helpful communication process for the
employees and employers both.
Figure- verbal communication
Source- (McCleskey, 2014)

NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
The Non-verbal communication includes voice tone, expressions, body language, and signs for
transfer the message to another person (Hartley, et al. 2015). The Non-verbal communication is
used by the PKF Hotel experts and Hilton hotel both. This form of communication is helpful in
understanding the feelings and emotions of the person.
Figure- Non-verbal communication
Source- (Rojot, 2016)
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
The written communication is one of the most important forms of the communication process.
This includes emails, letters, manuals, and proposals to convey the message (Wong, et al. 2015).
The written communication is helpful in sending some confidential information to a specific
person. The written communication is adopted by the PKF Hotel experts and Hilton hotel both.

There are several barriers which can impact the effective communication process in the
organization such as:
The communication gap between the employees and manager can cause the
miscommunication between the manager and employees.
The non-verbal communication can be
Miscommunication can bring conflict in the organization.
Words and symbols can create miscommunication among the employees.
If there is a lot of information which need to be provided by the manager to the
employees it can also be miscommunicated.
This, it can be said that the communication between employees and manager must be proper
and effective otherwise the communication gap can create miscommunication which is not
good for the relationship of manager and employees.

1.4 ANALYSE ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AND CHANGE IN
SELECTED BUSINESSES
Organizational culture is made by values, beliefs, and vision of the company which provide a
managed structure for conducting business processes. Organizational culture highly impacts the
employees and staff members (Sayles, 2017). The cultural values are also helpful in adopting
the changes effectively which is needed by the organization.
FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE
This is the most common structure which is followed by many organizations. In this structure,
every department has a particular specialist who guides them in attaining the departmental
goals. The main drawback of the functional structure is they do not work for achieving the
overall objectives of the organization.
DIVISIONAL STRUCTURE
This is a cost structure which is really helpful in achieving the goals rapidly (Muna, 2017). The
small organizations do not follow this structure due to the costly working structure.
MATRIX STRUCTURE
The PKF Hotel experts and Hilton hotel both organizations follow the matrix structure as it
covers the benefits of functional and divisional structure. In this structure, the employees have
dual reporting relationships. All the departments work with collaboration for attaining the
overall objectives of the organization.
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND CHANGES OF PKF HOTEL EXPERTS AND HILTON HOTEL
The management culture of both the organizations is really supportive of their employees. The
management of Hilton hotel makes a different type of strategies to enhance the productivity
and profit while the PKF Hotel experts involve their employees in the decision-making process
and give them encouragement for their performance. Both the organizations are having leading
positions in the travel and tourism industry of UK. The Hilton hotel needs to allow their

employees to participate in the decision-making process of the organization. it will bring new
and innovative changes which are good for development and growth of the organization.
LO2 BE ABLE TO REVIEW OWN POTENTIAL AS A
PROSPECTIVE MANAGER
2.1 ASSESS OWN MANAGEMENT SKILLS PERFORMANCE
As a junior consultant, it is believed that there are some management skills which can be
helpful for leading a team. These are some management skills which can be beneficial for better
performance such as:
MOTIVATING QUALITIES
Manager of PKF Hotel experts is having the motivating qualities by which they can motivate
their subordinates to achieve the goals and objectives (Lu, et al. 2016). It is suggested that the
manager should motivate and encourage the employees for their performance and work.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
The manager of Hilton hotel is having better communication techniques then the PKF Hotel
experts. As a junior consultant, it is recommended that the manager have to communicate with
the employees on regular basis. The manager of PKF Hotel experts needs to adopt some
communication techniques for maintaining their position.
EMPLOYEE SKILL DEVELOPMENT
The manager needs to observe and evaluate the performance of the employees who are
working in the organization. This will be helpful in knowing their capabilities and skills of
employees for work in achieving the future goals and objectives.
DECISION MAKING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING CAPABILITIES
The manager of PKF Hotel experts have strong decision-making ability and he supports his
subordinates to solve the work regarding problems. It has been observed that the manager of
Hilton hotel is not capable to solve the problems of his subordinates (Nakayama, et al. 2016).

The management needs to develop some management skills for competing with other
companies like PKF Hotel experts.

2.2 ANALYSE PERSONAL STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES,
OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS
STRENGTHS
I have the strong communication skills which are really helpful to coordinate with others. The
effective communication is really helpful in attaining the goals and objectives of an
organization. I also have good leadership skills to guide and motivate others towards their work
(Cleden, 2017). The manager of PKF Hotel experts is having all these qualities that are really
helpful in their success and growth.
WEAKNESSES
I have a problem with finding the right person for the right job. This weakness will not allow me
to recruit a person for any post. I can not judge a person by his abilities and skills. Sometimes it
is really difficult for the PKF Hotel experts to find a suitable candidate for the job profile. This is
one of the reasons why the change in attitude and behaviour can be seen in the employees.
OPPORTUNITIES
There are so many growth opportunities in the travel and tourism sector. I see my self as a
leader in bringing innovative changes in the betterment of the services. Similarly, there are
huge opportunities for the PKF Hotel experts for improving their management to compete with
the other companies like Hilton hotels.
THREATS
I have to manage all the external and internal factors which affect the business functioning of
the organization (Kale, 2014). if I work as a leader in a company it will be my responsibility to
handle all the managerial work and solve the problems of my subordinates and team members.
I will make the effective strategies to compete with the other companies.

2.3 SET AND PRIORITISE OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS TO
DEVELOP OWN POTENTIAL
The effective strategies play an important role in achieving the desired goals of the
organization. the manager of PKF Hotel experts needs to set some goals and targets which need
to be achieved for maintaining the position of the company in the travel and tourism industry.
The goals need to be measurable, achievable, and realistic (Esmaeilzadeh, et al. 2015). After
setting the goals the manager needs to develop some strategies with the help of his
subordinate to achieve the desired goals. I will also have to evaluate my strengths and
weaknesses from a managerial point of view. This evaluation will be helpful in improving the
required qualities.
For improving my behaviour and skills I will study dome management books and gain some
practical knowledge to perform best as the leader of an organization. I need to learn many
things for directing and guiding others. I will also read the stories of successful managers it will
helpful for becoming a successful leader in future.

LO3 BE ABLE TO SHOW MANAGERIAL SKILLS
WITHIN A BUSINESS AND SERVICES CONTEXT
3.1 LEAD AND MOTIVATE A TEAM TO ACHIEVE AN AGREED GOAL
OR OBJECTIVE
The management of PKF Hotel experts uses different strategies and plans for attaining the
desired goals and objectives. The managers use motivational techniques and methods for
guiding and encouraging the employees of the company. The manager should be capable to
handle all type of situation for getting optimum results (Masuda and Kostopoulos, 2016). The
manager needs to involve the team members in the decision-making process of the
organization it will bring innovative ideas which will be helpful for the growth and success of
the organization. In the current scenario, the employees have maintained a tendency to switch
jobs frequently. The main reason behind this attitude is the behaviour of the manager and
leader of the company. the manager needs to maintain good relations with the employees to
provide them with a comfortable environment for work.
The manager should behave humbly with his junior employees it will enhance their confidence.
It is really important for the manager of PKF Hotel experts to provide a positive working
environment for the employees so that they will feel comfortable to work. The manager needs
to motivate and encourage the team regularly for enhancing their performance. A perfect
mutual understanding between the manager and employees will be helpful for competing with
the other companies of travel and tourism such as Hilton hotel (Missotten, et al. 2018). The
above management qualities will be really helpful for me to develop my managerial skills and
qualities so that I will be able to lead a team in attaining the desired goals and objectives of the
company.
I'm working in a travel and tourism company and there are different types of employees who
are working for the growth and development of the organization. The Belbin theory will be
helpful in understanding the different team roles of the team members:

Figure 3: Belbin’s team role
Source- (Source: Bruton, 2016)
SHARPER ROLE
The sharper role is performed by the people who are really dedicated towards their work.
These types of people have a positive attitude and good communication skills for cope-up with
the other team members (Alharbi, 2017). The sharpers can bring changes in the organization
according to the conditions.
COMPLETER- FINISHER
These type of team members detect the errors and problems then solve them wisely. They play
an important role in completing the specific task.
IMPLEMENTER ROLE
The implementors are really helpful in implementing the different type of strategies and plans
which will be good for attaining the task (Williams, 2017). They can bring innovative changes to
the travel and tourism industry.

COORDINATOR ROLE
They have the quality to coordinate all the team members for effective work and results. the
coordinator members are really helpful for managing the team properly.
TEAM WORKER ROLE
These team members resolve the conflicts in the team and create a comfortable environment
in the workplace (Anderson, 2017). They maintain a connection with all the team members.
RESOURCE INVESTIGATOR
They are really good communicators and maintainers for the team. The resource investigators
find a different type of resources which will be really helpful for completing the task.

3.2 JUSTIFY MANAGERIAL DECISIONS MADE TO SUPPORT
ACHIEVEMENT OF AGREED GOAL OR OBJECTIVE AND
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS
In the current scenario where the competition level is really high, the company need to
maintain effective e management style to attain the desired goals and objectives. The travel
and tourism industry is growing day by day so that competition level is increasing among the
companies to attain the leading position. There are some managerial skills which are really
helpful for a manager to support his employees and subordinates (Payne, 2016). The manager
needs to create some effective strategies which will be helpful for the continuous growth of the
organization. The manager needs to provide some extra benefits to the employees to
encouraging them such as bonus, commission, salary hike and others. As a junior consultant, I
recommended the manager to develop the healthy relationship with the employees. It will be
really helpful for the future growth of the company.
The manager should use leadership style for leading and directing the employees towards their
work (Lewis, 2018). The PKF Hotel experts use democratic leadership style to direct and lead
their employees. The democratic leadership style is really helpful in motivating and encouraging
the employees. While the manager of Hilton hotel uses autocratic leadership style to lead and
support their subordinates. The manager should take opinions of their employees by which
they feel valued for the organization. The rewards and extra benefits will give satisfaction to the
employees. The manager should respect his subordinates and appreciate them for their efforts
and work. This will be helpful in enhancing their performance and confidence and they work
hard for attaining the business goals and objective for the organization.

LO4 BE ABLE TO CREATE A CAREER DEVELOPMENT
PLAN FOR EMPLOYMENT WITHIN A BUSINESS AND
SERVICES CONTEXT
4.1 EXPLAIN HOW OWN MANAGERIAL AND PERSONAL SKILLS
WILL SUPPORT CAREER DEVELOPMENT
For becoming a successful manager s person need to be self-confident and self-motivated. A
manager must have the ability to perform every task. He should be capable to handle any kind
of situation. Apart from this, a person who is completely dedicated towards his work can be
called as the successful manager (Taylor, et al. 2017). A good manager always brings positivity
in the organization to provide satisfaction and comfort to the employees. The manager must
have the ability to handle the things personally and professionally. Communication is one of the
most important skills which affects the personal and professional life of a person. A manager
should have the effective and strong communication skills to deal with the stakeholders,
customers, suppliers, and employees of the organization.
To work in a travel and tourism industry, it becomes really important for me to have strong
communication skills to deal with any type of clients and customers. I have to improve my
communication skills and for this, I will evaluate my verbal and non-verbal communication
skills. With the help of this evaluation, I will be able to communicate with the different type of
visitors and clients. Apart from this, I have to learn some effective leadership qualities which
will be helpful in directing and leading the employees towards their work. I believe that the
leadership style I'm having will be helpful for the organization to attain the certain goals and
objectives. I m confident that this leadership style will help me to solve the problems of my
subordinates and team members (Ross and Cox, 2015). Another important factor that I will
need to become a successful leader is time management. I will make sure that I will complete
all the tasks and responsibilities on time. By managing the time, I will be able to fulfil the
expectations of my customers and clients.

4.2 REVIEW CAREER AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT NEEDS,
CURRENT PERFORMANCE AND FUTURE NEEDS TO PRODUCE
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
I need to maintain a development plan to attain the desired goals in the future. This
development plan will consist of all the important elements which are helpful for evaluating the
personal and professional skills (Fredericks, 2015). This development plan will be helpful in time
management. I will maintain all the assigned activities and task for completing them on time.
The development plan is described as under:
Objectives Timeline Action Taken
Communication Skills 3 Months
I will join some classes to improve
communication skills which are essential for
managers
Leadership Qualities 4 months
I will read and understand different
leadership style and choose the most
appropriate that fulfil the personal and
professional goals
Team Building and
Management skills
Continuous Learning
and Improvement
I will support my team members in their
issues. I will become a good leader and give
satisfaction to my staff members
Stress and Anger
Management 2 months
By join classes, I will try to control my stress
and anger which would be helpful for me to
handle my team effectively
Risk and Issue
Management
Continuous Learning
and Improvement
From past experiences and theories, I will try
to critically assess the possible risk that can
have a negative impact on organizational
working and will try to minimize those risk
factors as and when required

CONCLUSION
The assignment concluded that a person needs different types of qualities for managerial skills
for becoming a successful manager. This report provides a detailed information about the
different management and leadership styles which is needed to become a successful
leader/manager. The assignment depicted the different roles and responsibilities of a leader
which is important to motivate the employees. Apart from this, the report had focused on the
influence of career with the help of personal and professional development plan. The different
communication styles in the company to manage different types of situations. At last, the
report has concluded an action career development plan which is really helpful in evaluating
own skills and abilities for becoming a successful manager. This development plan will also help
in identifying the future requirements of a manager.

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