Analysis of Management and Operations Report for HND Business

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of management and operations, focusing on the roles of leaders and managers within an organization, with a specific case study of British Steel. It explores the characteristics and functions of leaders and managers, comparing their roles in achieving organizational goals. The report delves into various leadership theories, including situational, contingency, and system leadership, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses within the context of British Steel's operational environment. Furthermore, it examines different approaches to operations management, such as TQM, Just-in-Time inventory, Six Sigma, and Lean Manufacturing, highlighting their importance in achieving business objectives. The report also analyzes the impact of the business environment on operational management and decision-making, contributing to a thorough understanding of effective management practices. The report is a detailed overview of the key concepts of management and operations within the framework of the British Steel company.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Executive summary
Management and operations plays essential role in an organisation as it allows company to
smoothly runs its business. This report analysis about various important role of managers and
leaders along with functions. This report also elaborate about various leadership styles.

Table of Contents
Executive summary..........................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
1:Roles and characteristics of leader and manger:.......................................................................1
2: Functions of manager and role of leader in various situational contexts.................................2
3: Various theories of leadership and models of approach..........................................................3
4: Approaches to operations management and role of leader and manager................................5
5: The value or importance of operations management in achieving business objectives..........6
6: The effects of business environment upon operational management and decision-making by
manager or leader.........................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
Article .........................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
A manager, leader and operation management play an important role in an organization
in managing it smoothly. They have responsibility to lead, command and manage company.
They are backbone of company hence responsible for generating revenue and productivity of
company. This report is based on British steel company. British steel's head quarter is situated in
Scunthorpe, United Kingdom. BSC provides quality steel products all around the world. This
report will also discuss the roles of manager, leader and operation management to run this
company smoothly and get productivity and revenue, and its brand improvement.
1:Roles and characteristics of leader and manger:
Characteristics and roles of leader:
characteristics: A leader is a person who is focuses on developing himself as well as his team-
mates. It always encourages ideas of innovation action and strategic thinking. It always inspires
and encourage others to work for their growth. It always works by making its own rules to work.
It focuses on doing things that is right for its team-mates as well as for an organization.
Roles: A leader works on creating its vision and letting its team-mate work according to that to
accomplish goals. A leader works hard and become role model for its team so that it can inspire
people to work for their goals (Tran, 2017). A leader has main role to inspire and motivate
people.
Characteristics and roles of manager:
Characteristics: A manager is a person who administrate and command people to work on
organizational goals. A manager has its organizational goals to accomplished by its employee's
efficient work. It always works according to company's rule and directs employees to work for
organizational goals.
Roles: A manager has role to accomplish organizational role by making its employee work
efficiently. It provides good and working environment so that employees can be productive. It
directs employees to work according to company's working process (Carsten, Uhl-Bien
andHuang, 2018). It has role of making good relation with competitive company to compete with
them.
Comparison of roles and characteristics of leader and manager:
Leader Manager
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A leader is person who influences people of its
team to achieve goals.
A manager is person who directs people to
accomplish on organizational goals.
They work with people to ensure growth and
productivity.
They give command to employees to work for
productivity.
They make its own rules of working with its
team-mates.
They follow rules of company's working norms
and regulation.
They make its own decision. They follow company's decision.
They focus on learning and growth. They focus on productivity.
Roles of manager in addressing technological changes happening in external environment-
Function of manager:
Planning: planning is process of making plans and outlets of detailed chart to work for
organizational goal. A manger's planning can help in addressing technological change happening
in external environment by making outline chart, on which British steel company can work on to
improve its technology.
Organizing: Organizing is process of organizing work structure and environment to run
company smoothly. A manager's work organizing skill can be improved by adapting new
technology of making steel product of British steel.
Leading: Leading is process of manager commanding and instructing employees to work on a
particular task. A manger's leading skills can improve the working environment of employees.
Controlling: controlling is process of monitoring employee's performance, their quality of work
and efficiency (Altinay and et.al., 2019). A manager's controlling skill can be beneficial for
company as well as employees to get better productivity and growth.
2: Functions of manager and role of leader in various situational contexts.
A Manager or leader play vital role in an organisation that help them to make improvement
and modification in the operations. A manager is responsible to organise overall workforce and
make sure that the goals are achieved. On the other hand, a leader is responsible to provide
guidance and direction to their respective teams. The below paragraph will provide more details
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about functions of manager or role of leader and various situations that focuses on the
effectiveness of British Steel:
Stable Situation – This situation arises in British Steel when it did not usually effect its
profitability. Therefore, stable situations consist of the company that does not force any further
changes that may impact British Steel. For example, there is no or very low changes occur in the
market share that generally includes inflations or recession (Zaccaro, and et.al 2018). Therefore,
in this situations, manager of British Steel might planning for future that includes plans for
strategies, important projects and programs. A leader will ensure team work and emphasize more
on achieving organisational goals.
Moderate situations – In this situation, British Steel face some changes in its operations that
might effect its productivity. Competition in the market place or rise in inflation rate influence
the factors that moderately changed in British Steel. Manager in British Steel must organise to
see that their plans is working, delegating tasks to its team member while arranging them in
framework that allows effective decision making (Hersona, and Sidharta, 2017). However, a
leader will apply situational leadership where leader make decision according to situation arise in
British steel and make strategic decisions. Situational leader tell and direct its team to do
particular task or provide inspiration to all its followers.
Fast changing situations – In fast changing situation, British Steel face drastic changes in their
operations because this situation is currently most rapid in the purpose of organisation as it
drawn down the rapid changing of conditions. For example, advancement of technological and
rapid changes in stock exchange may greatly influence British Steel. Leader will adopt the
transformational leadership in which it focuses on the need of technological changes. While, a
manager will make sure to make optimum use of resources such as money, material and method
where necessary (Subramony,and et.al 2018).
British Steel will adopts moderate situation for the organisation purposes because it includes
different handling methods to safeguard the purpose and will not greatly influence the results.
3: Various theories of leadership and models of approach.
Leadership theories and modals will adopt by leaders in order to bring efficiency in the
organisation. The following are the brief explantation of various theories of leadership:
Situational leadership
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This type of leadership styles adopted by leader in which their style will suit work
environment and requirement of team. Situational leader is generally did not depend on the skills
of leader rather it based on capabilities or skills of leader. Situational leader in British steel use
on of the following behavioural leadership styles that includes telling, participating, selling or
delegating (Reid, and Sanders 2019). For example, if employees are unmotivated and did not
perform their task or projects effectively than leader at British Steel use selling behavioural
method where it provide motivation to the employees.
Contingency
Contingency leadership theory developed by Fielder. According to this theory, the best way to
lead team will determine by the situation. In order to lead a team, manager or leader may need to
adapt the leadership style that suits the current situation and can assign few of their leadership
responsibilities to their workers. For example, if a leader is ineffective in delivering team work
but capable to take the responsibilities and facing the unexpected challenges that occur at British
Steel. However, it can still be highly effective leader if encourage the team effectively.
System leadership
This type of leadership is set of skills or abilities that company or an individual can use to
support the process and it also combines collaborative leadership. System leadership style is well
suited to British Steel because it will provide benefit to handle the complex challenges, in which
no single entity is in control (Leroy and et.al 2018). For example, if British Steel evolved its
organisational with several stages, review its progress or recommend opportunities in order to
increase its impact than this leadership is best suited as it helps the company for review and
revise.
Strength of various approaches to situation within work environment of British Steel:
 It helps in empowers the styles of leadership.
 Increases the productivity or profitability of the company.
 Benefit the company to create stable work environment.
Weaknesses :
 It create fluctuations in demand.
 Expanded number of competitors in the marketplace.
 Lead to confusion among employees because situations can affect the different factors of
organisation.
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4: Approaches to operations management and role of leader and manager.
Operations management consider one of the important functions of an organisation. It involves
planning, organising, controlling and supervising of the production or manufacturing process. It
make sure that an organisation effectively turns its inputs into outputs. The following are the key
approaches of operations management:
TQM – Total Quantity Method
It is important to have continuous growth and development of the organisation. As per this
approach, development in services and products are made through taking feedback from the
consumers. British Steel used this approach in its operations as the scope of TQM is wider and it
mainly focuses on the potential customers and more process centred. This approach helps the
company in making decision which is mostly based on facts and figures.
Just in Time Inventory
It is vital for British Steel to manage its production process and manufacturing process so that
sufficient resources are available for the productions of the products and services (Haseeb and
et.al 2019). It helps British steel to increase its efficiency and reducing waste by only receiving
goods that need in production process. As a result, it also reduces inventory cost for the
company.
Six Sigma
This approach mainly focus on quality. Six sigma helps British Steel to systematic defined the
step sequence and its financial targets that includes decreasing expenses and increasing revenue.
In this approach, number of tools utilised such as potential defect calculations and trending
charts.
Lean Manufacturing
This approach is a systematic way of eliminating waste in the manufacturing process. British
Steel used this in its manufacturing process as it help to identify waste that is created through
uneven workloads. For British Steel, it is important that available resources are utilized correctly
and the reductions in expenses of the production will help the company for creating value for its
consumers.
Role of a leader :
The most important role that a leader play is to properly set the lead production process in
manufacturing process.
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Leader also helps in setting clear objective or vision for the employees.
Leader encourage or direct the efforts of the employees towards achieving the organisational
goal.
Role of manager :
Managers play essential role in managing the resources effectively in an organisation.
The goals or aims set up by the managers of an organisation.
Handling of the issues or conflicts of the workforce also address by managers.
5: The value or importance of operations management in achieving business objectives.
Operations Management is essential in any business organisation as its benefits in effectively
supervise or manage goods, services and people. It is the main role of the operations
management to maintain the better relations that the company in order to enhance the proper
utilization of resources. Lets discuss in detail about the importance of operations management:
Satisfaction of Customer
Operations management helps British Steel to accurately measure the quality of products so
that it provides maximum satisfaction to its potential customer. As customer is important in the
organisation to make it successful in the marketplace, hence they must be treated well in every
possible way (Lee,and Tang 2018). Therefore, operation management help the company to
provide high quality products as per preferences or need of its desired customer.
Increases Productivity
Productivity refers as the ratio of input or output and the company utilize it to examine input of
its employees. Operations management is responsible for potential staffing of the employees.
Therefore, British Steel gets the maximum result or output for the business. The most effective
method to increase the productivity in workforce is only through operation management.
Decreases Operational cost
Through productivity or quality products of British Steel, cost that occurred on products
servicing is automatically reduced (Peinado, Graeml, and Vianna, 2018). As a result, it
definitely upgrade the revenue. It is only possible when the company used operational
management effectively in all its manufacturing process.
Flexibility
With the help of operational management, British Steel can adapt to make the changes as per
situation arises. Flexibility can be determine when the company able to change according to
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situations occur. For example, If British Steel used new techniques and equipments than it able
to implement their process as per that methods.
Supply Chain Management
It is vital organisational goal of British steel that all its goods and services are supplied or
produced in an effective manner, as to fulfil the demand of their products and services. If British
steel need to have an effective supply chain management, than manager need to examine trends
of the market and then identify the supply or demand so that action plan has been implemented.
6: The effects of business environment upon operational management and decision-making by
manager or leader.
The following are the factors of business environment that influence the decision making of
manger or leader :
Financial resources – Financial status of British steel help a leader or manager to make accurate
strategies. Also help them to work in correct direction. All decision related to the cost of goods
or services offered to buyers and the investments done in British Steel are being affected by its
profit (Feng, and et.al 2019).
Market Trends - Every day a new trend emerged in the marketplace. All these trends need to
be carefully examined in the market properly so that it help the company in evaluating the
requirements of customers.
Ethics – It refer as the set of rules that an organisation need to follow in order to run the
business. The ethics of the company show how it runs its day to day operations. It impact on the
decision of the manager or leader when employees able to make accurate decisions in least
amount of time with the help of business ethics. Hence, its helps in increases the overall
productivity of the company. Moreover, if employee unable to provide the standard quality of
product than it may negatively impact operation management. If business carefully follow its
ethics, than they remain loyal to their customers and improve image in the marketplace.
Corporate Social Responsibility – CSR is a way in which a company is operating in a ways
that improve environment or society. CSR is basically depend upon company or industry. Its
important for British Steel to follow CSR in its operations as it provide benefit to both
consumers or business (Prasad, 2020).
Various applications of operations management and its factors play positive or negative impact
on the business environment. All the factors like quality, market trends and cost etc. are
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examined properly so that strategies can be made and results in achieving the objective of the
organisation.
CONCLUSION
To summarised the above report, it help in understanding how a leader or manager helps an
organisation to achieve its overall objectives, along with its differences in their roles in handling
various situation that occur in business. The report further elaborated about approaches of
operations management that helps an organisation in accurate planning and organising. Further,
the report elaborated that how an effective use of operation management help business in
achieving its vision or long term goal. Lastly, the report discussed the effect of business
environment can have upon operations management and may influence the decision of leader or
manager.
Article
Management and operations
Main approaches to operations management
Its important for organisation to operate effectively with its resources and cater to meet
customers requirements. Lets discuss more in detail about operations management approaches:
(BPR)Business Process Design – It is used in business organisation that mainly focuses on
designing and examine businesses processes carefully. Main aim of BPR is to provide benefits to
companies to restructure organisation through developing business processes from initial level.
Six Sigma – This strategy focuses on quality. Essentials tools are used in six sigma that includes
potential calculations and charts.
Role of leaders and managers
Leader helps to create goals and set direction and encourage people to achieve goals. While
manager coordinate, plan, execute and control overall structures.
Leader works with team and believe in group work. On the other hand, manager provides
instructions to particular team.
Importance of leader and manager in enhancing organisation's efficiency
Leaders and managers are important for organisation for its success. Maintaining businesses
require a thorough understanding of leadership role so that company able to determine personal
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growth of workforce. Management also plays vital role to increase productivity with its
motivation techniques like to identify every little achievements of employees or praise for task
that will automatically rejuvenate their spirits and able to perform better.
Importance of operations management and factors that impact business environment.
Operation management helps organisation to provide quality products as it helps organisation to
identify those areas where an organisation need improvement. Operations management also
ensure that goods are designed with durability so that it meet customer's need. It also enforces
quality management methods and provide effective ways of delivery for products and services.
Operations management also enhances quality of product and provides customer satisfaction as it
give company a good brand value within industry.
There are various factors that create huge impact on business environment that mainly includes
global competition that majorly effect companies growth in long run. Another is social
responsibility that every company must adhere so that it protect its business activity. Company
also perform social welfare programmes and also retain healthy relationship with its local
community.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Feng, T., and et.al 2019. Customer orientation and firm performance: The joint moderating
effects of ethical leadership and competitive intensity. Journal of Business
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Haseeb, M., and et.al 2019. Role of social and technological challenges in achieving a
sustainable competitive advantage and sustainable business
performance. Sustainabilit. 11(14).p.3811.
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MOTIVATION AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON
EMPLOYEES’PERFORMANCE. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen.15(3). pp.528-537.
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Leroy, H., and et.al 2018. Managing people in organizations: Integrating the study of HRM and
leadership.
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its relevance to manufacturing and service organizations. Revista de Gestão.
Prasad, L.M., 2020. Principles and practice of management. Sultan Chand & Sons.
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Reid, R.D. and Sanders, N.R., 2019. Operations management: an integrated approach. John
Wiley & Sons.
Subramony, M., and et.al 2018. Leadership development practice bundles and organizational
performance: The mediating role of human capital and social capital. Journal of
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Tran, S.K., 2017. GOOGLE: a reflection of culture, leader, and management. International
Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility. 2(1). pp.1-14.
Zaccaro, S.J., and et.al 2018. Leader individual differences, situational parameters, and
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