Management and Operations: Operation Management and M&S Objectives

This report discusses the concept and meaning of management, comparing the roles and characteristics of leaders and managers. It explores significant approaches to operations management, emphasizing its value in achieving Marks and Spencer's business objectives. The report assesses factors within the business environment that impact operational management and decision-making by leaders and managers, including the importance of quality and skilled workforce. Various operation management approaches are explained such as Six Sigma, Business process redesign, reconfigurable manufacturing system approach, lean manufacturing approach and total quality management. It highlights the significance of operations management in minimizing waste, enhancing product quality, and increasing productivity within the organization. Desklib provides a platform to explore similar solved assignments and study tools for students.

UNIT 4 - MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATION

The presentation will include the Following:
• Management concept and meaning
– Defining and comparing the different role and characteristics of
leader and manager
– Discussing the significant approaches to operations management
and role of leader and manager
– Explaining the significance and value of operation management
in achieving Marks and Spencer business objectives
– Assessing the factors within the business environment that
impact upon operational management and decision making by
leaders and managers

Management meaning and concept
Management refers to the process of dealing with and controlling various
activities in an organisation. Management includes various functions
such as planning, organising, directing and controlling various
resources and actions in order to achieve goals and objectives for
organisations. Operation management is the field of administration
which includes designing and controlling the process of production
and redesigning business procedure for producing goods and services.
Management is the act of getting done through others. It includes
various activities such as planning, organising , directing and
controlling.

Approaches to operational management
The various approaches of operational management are-
Six sigma approach-This concept has focus on improving quality of
product and services. The word six reference's defines the
controlling limit which are arranged in six sigma deviations from the
method of normal distribution mean. This theory consists of
financial target such as generating profit or minimising costs. The
six sigma approach includes various tools such as graphs , charts,
ratios and other calculation methods.
Business process redesign approach-This theory aims at examining and
designing workflow and business procedures within a Marks &
Spencer organisation. The purpose of this approach is to assist
Marks and Spencer firm in restructuring their business by creating
various business operation.

Reconfigurable manufacturing system approach- It refers to the
production system develop to incorporate speeded change in
structure, hardware and software constituents. This theory enable
Marks and Spencer organisation system to adjust quickly to the
change in order to continue their production process in effective
way.
Lean manufacturing approach-Lean manufacturing theory is an
effective approach as it ensures elimination of waste produce from
manufacturing process. This concept has focus on efficient
utilisation of resources and transforming waste into value creation
for consumers as well as minimising unnecessary expenses.

Total quality management approach-This theory is also known as total
productive maintenance approach. It defines operation management
as approach to long term success of firm that can be achieved
through customer satisfaction. This theory seeks to enhance the
quality of product and performance which will assist Marks and
Spencer organisation in meeting or exceeding customer
expectations. This approach considered that this can be achieved by
grouping quality related functions and procedures throughout the
enterprise. The total quality management system have focus on
identifying quality measures considering all departments and
encouraging workers to participate in Quality management
procedure. The objectives of this concept is to help Marks and
Spencer firm in correcting the methods adopted by them for quality
management.

Explaining the significance and value of
operation management in achieving Marks
and Spencer business objectives
Tradition concept of operation management considered that it was
significant only in manufacturing organisations. This thinking was
supported by fact that manufacturing business unit has to conduct
various procedure and activities from allocating raw material to
delivering of goods to ultimate consumers.
Operation management is important for managing various business
activities within manufacturing industry. Operation management
involves various functions such as planning, organising, directing,
and motivating employees to increase their productivity in order to
achieve Marks Spenser goals and objective.

This management process is important as it ensures minimising the
waste and eliminating unnecessary expenses that helps firm in
eliminating and reducing various expenses as well as cost. It enables
enterprise to achieve its objectives of fulfilling social corporate
responsibility. This provides an opportunity to business entity to
attract more numbers of customers and to reduce the impact of
social factors on business operations.
This process has focus on enhancing quality of product and services,
hence support organisation to maintain its quality of products and its
performance in the market. It aims at increasing productivity.

Assessing the factors within the business
environment that impact upon operational
management and decision making by
leaders and managersThe internal factors comprise various elements that are present within
business unit. These elements are controllable in nature. The
company can control this factors.
There are various factors within business environment that has great
impact on operational management:
Bad quality of services and products that have bad impression on
customers may lead to loss or Marks and Spencer firm. There are
various elements which have influence on the quality of product and
services. These factors include lack of motivational reward system,
unskilled employees and managers, Illiterate workforce etc. In such
circumstances it becomes difficult for manager and leaders to make
various decisions

Discussing the significant approaches to
operations management and role of leader
and manager
Operation management is an important field in managing business operations. It
includes various activities such as designing and operating business processes
in producing goods and services. It includes converting input in form of raw
material and generating output in form of results. The operation management
process includes various responsibilities. These responsibilities include
ensuring efficiency in business operations, focusing on efficient use of
resources, catering customer demands and need according to set standards.
This procedure also includes various activities such as managing people,
enhancing their skills, knowledge and creativity in order to help them increase
their productive efficiency. This method can assist Marks and Spencer firm in
enhancing their productivity and improving quality of their products.

REFERENCES
Park, Y. K. and et.all., 2014. Learning organization and innovative
behavior. The mediating effect of work engagement. European
Journal of Training and Development. 38(1/2). pp.75–94.
Iqbal, S. and Sharma, R. R. K., 2012. A study of organization
strategies, structures, culture dimensions and management control
systems of various retail formats. Journal of International Business
Strategy.12(1).

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