Comprehensive Report: Management and Operations at Marks & Spencer

This report provides an in-depth analysis of management and operations, using Marks & Spencer as a case study. It begins with an introduction to management and operations, emphasizing the process of converting raw materials into finished goods and services. The report then delves into the roles and characteristics of managers and leaders, differentiating between their responsibilities and identifying key leadership styles such as contingency and system leadership. The report explores the significance of leadership in achieving organizational goals and objectives. The report further examines the functions of managers and leaders in various situational contexts, including conflict management and aligning team goals. Finally, the report examines the business environment factors that impact operational management and decision-making by managers and leaders, providing a comprehensive overview of effective management and leadership practices.

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................1
PART 1:...........................................................................................................................................1
P1: compare and identify the several characteristic and role of the manager and leader...1
P2: Role of a leader and function of the manager applicable in various situational context. 1
P3: Assorted the theories and models of approach including the system , contingency and
situational leadership:............................................................................................................1
PART 2:...........................................................................................................................................1
P4: Key approaches to the operation management and role that manager and leader have :1
P5: Importance and value of the operations management to accomplish business objectives:
................................................................................................................................................1
P6: business environment factors that have impact upon operational management and
decision making by the manager and leaders:.......................................................................1
Conclusion:......................................................................................................................................1
References........................................................................................................................................1

Introduction:
The management and operations refers to the process controlling and manage all the activities in
the management level so that organisation are able to achieve the goals and objectives in the
most profitable pattern. It includes the process of converting the raw material into the effective
finished the good and services which leads to achieve the objectives of the organisation in the
proper ways and are able to enhance the profits margin for the organisation. Under this report ,
Marks and Spencer is a retailer stores in the international location offers the various products
such as clothes, foods items and different goods to its target customer . further there will be
discussion on the role and function of the manager and leader and uses various leadership style
and examining the business environment which helps in obtaining the final results. (Bahr and
Liers., 2019)
PART 1:
P1: compare and identify the several characteristic and role of the executive and principal.
The establishment have effective manager and leader in their management team which helps in
performing the various different task in the productivity manners at the work places so that
target gaols can be accomplished within the set time period. The manager and leader are having
various roles and duties which needs to be executed by them to compete the task in the proper
ways. with the references, Marks and Spencer , the manager have very important roles in
managing the various task and leader are able to authority the workers to achieve better in the
given task. Some of the essential roles of the manager and leader are discussed as follow:
Leader: these are the people of the organization who influences the worker of the company to
achieve the desire vision of the firms so that company are able to enhance their productivity in
the market place. they also show the path to its employees to compete the activities in the proper
manners, (Bardsley,., 2019)
Role of the leaders: leader have important role in achieving the pre-determine goals of the
organisation by improving the performances of the worker in the team. With the references of
the Marks and Spencer the leader encourages the worker to give their best inputs in the given
task and compete the task in effective pattern. Some of the roles of the leaders are as follow:
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Provide a mission and vision: leader focus on providing and making the employees
understand the mission and vision of the organisation so that all employees are working for
common objectives.
Make policies and strategies : here the leader of the organisation focus on making the effective
strategies which helps them to achieve the desire level of profits in the market places so that
organisation are able to complete the task in proper manners.
Motivates : leader always inspire and encourage its employees to execute the task in the most
effective so that they are able to the finish the task in the most effective manners and achieve the
goals as the plan. The manager of the marks and Spencer , inspire its worker to execute at their
full abilities at the work and compete the task in proper manner.
The leader of the firm are the important person who helps them to achieving the goals and
objectives in the effective manner and lead the team member to accomplished the goals within
the set time
Characteristic of leader: in the context of Marks and Spencer, the leader needs to inspire the
worker to perform better. Some of the effective characteristic are as stated as below:
Influences: it is most important quality of the leader to influences the worker of the organisation
so that they work to achieve the desire level of results in the management team by improving
their operational activities at the work.
Integrity: as per this trait, the leader with the integrity makes its personality more attractive and
inspire the another people in the organisation. In the context of the Marks and Spencer, the leader
needs to reinforce the quality of integrity at work.
Manager: these are the person who have a responsibility to control and manage the team
member in the systemic manners so that given task can be performed effectively and are able to
expand their business activities in various stores. With the references of the Marks and Spencer
the manager is active person who manage operational task in proper ways.
Role of the manager:
The manager helps in coordinating all the performance of the firm in the efficient manners so
that task are completed within the set time period. Some of the roles of the manger of the Marks
and Spencer are as follow:
Informational role: manager needs to provide the accurate information to its team member so
that new strategies can be formed by betterment of the organisation. In the context of the Marks
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and Spender , manage collect the information and share with its subordinates which will helps
the organisation to finish the operational task better. (Chagirov,. and Korobeynikova,., 2017)
Decisional role: the manager must provide effective and profitable decision about the
operational activities or the task which leads to attainment of system of government goals and
objectives.
Interpersonal role: this type of the role helps the manager to give the innovative ideas about
how to execute the task and manage the effectiveness of the all the activities of the firm. In the
context of the Marks and Spencer the manager helps in realize the organisation objectives.
The manager of the organisation helps in managing all the activities in the systematic manner so
that all the work are done in the proper format . this helps the organisation to complete the task in
the profitable manner and achieve the desire results in the set time .
Characteristic of the manager: in the Marks and Spencer, the manager needs to have some
effective characteristic which are stated as below:
 Manager is a good making the sound business decision for the firms which helps in
improving the overall performances of the organisation and obtain the results.
 The manager needs to have the interpersonal skills which helps in coordinating the team
members in proper manners.
 The manager have a capacities to make the sound decision about the growth of the
organisation and lead to achieve the mission and vision of the firm in the long run.
P2: Role of a principal and purpose of the manager appropriate in various situational context.
There are various function of the manager in the firms which needs to improve the productivity
of the organisation and leader roles is to bring the innovative ideas to achieve the vision of the
organisation in the shortest period of time. The manager and leader uses different type of the
approaches to make the plans and stagiest which helps the organisation to have efficient
operational management in their work places. In the context of the Marks and Spencer, both the
manager and leader give their contribution in enhancing the market share of the firm in the
target market. These people helps the organisation to obtain their desire of outcomes in the most
productivity manners by satisfying the needs and wants of the customer and provide them
goods and services from time to time. On the another side, the manager is responsible to control
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all the workforce and activities at the work places so that task can be finished in profitable
pattern and manager also motivates the worker to perform better in the work environment
whereas the leader focus on the encourages the worker to give their best inputs in the given task
and focus on determining the growth of the firm. The manager and leader of the Marks and
Spender, helps in solving the various conflicts and issues at the management level and make the
strategies which helps in executing the task in innovative way to increase the profits for the
organisation and reduces the cost .there are different type of management theory which are
combine with the leadership skills in the Marks and Spencer(Gaweł, 2017. )
Conflict management : here the manager and leader needs to solve the problems in the most
effective manner so that issues which are raised can be dissolved as soon as they come up in the
management level.
Disturbance handling: under this area, the manager and leader both focus on solving the
disturbance which comes in the management so that work can be performed in the proper
manner and work can be performed in proper way.
Aligning team with the organisation goals: here the leader make sure that organisation objective
can be aligned with the team performance so that effective results can be seen in the
organisation and all the task can be completed within the time period.
As per the contemporary theory of management: manager are able to deal with the issues at
the production process and focus on giving good and services to the customer at affordable
prices. the manager tries to reduce the cost of raw material and produce the effective product
and have the proper working environment which helps in achieving the desire results.
As per the behavioural theory: here the manager uses this theory of management in the
organisation work places with the help of transformational leadership style of the leader so that
all the task can be complete within proper procedure to achieve the desire level of profits.
Thus , the role of leader and manager function plays the important part in influence the
employees of the Marks and Spender and focus on competing the operational task and expanding
their business.
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P3: Assorted the theory and models of approach counting the organization , contingency and
situational management:
Leadership style refers to the different approaches the leader uses to motivates and inspire the
employees to perform better in the task and achieve the outcomes as per the plan. With the
references of the Marks and Spencer, the leader applies various leadership style in the
management level and uses managerial skills to control the worker of the organisation and
achieve the results in proper manners.
Contingency leadership: in the Marks and Spencer , the leader uses this style to manage the
unseen issues which are present in the management level and organisation are able to provide the
effective outcomes in the long run and lead to expanding their business to next level. This
leadership style helps the organisation to make the effective use of available resources in the
most effective manners. (Golyzhnikova,, 2015)
Strength: the organisation are able to reduce the thread which are present in the work
environment of the organisation.
Weakness: sometimes leader are not able to identify the issues which can harm the performances
of the firm.
System leadership: according to this leadership, the leader have innovative ideas and thought
about how to achieve the firm objectives and within the time period. Leader shares his point of
view with the another member of the team so that everyone is working for the firm goals and
vision . as per this , organisation leader have to use different type of leadership as per the need
and wants of the management level of the firm requirement.
Strength: leader can inspire the another team members to execute their task in the systematic
manners and focus on accomplishing the organisation mission.
Weakness: this leadership style cannot be applied to different level of the organisation which
affects the productivity of the company.
Situational leadership :here the leader uses different type of leadership according to the
situation present in the organisation management level. Leader of the Marks and Spencer, needs
to change its style depending upon the condition at the work place so that task can be competed
in proper ways. Here the leader focus on using the various method or the model of leadership
which can be applied to the organisation levels so that firms are able to achieve their goals and
objectives in the most effective manners.
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Strength: this leadership helps the leader to come up with the innovative solution in the
management team and firm can obtain the desire outcomes. The organisation are able to achieve
the desire profits in the proper manners.
Weakness: it is difficult for the leader to understand the situation and find the effective way to
compete the task . leader have to switch to different leadership style which make the difficult for
the leader to adopt the new style.
PART 2:
P4: Key move towards to the process organization and role that manager and leader have :
The operation management is a process which company uses to run its operational activities in
the proper manners. In the context of the Marks and Spencer, there are a variety of different
methods or the move towards of the operation activities which required dissimilar roles and
function of the leader and manger so that all the department of the organisation are working
effectively and in profitable pattern.
Six sigma: it is refers as the tools and technique used by the leader and manger to get better the
presentation of the employees at the work places of the Marks and Spencer. It also focus on
reducing the wastage in the production process and provide the effective goods and services to
the customer.
Role of leader: leader with the help of operational management are able control all the task and
communicative with team members in better way.
Role of manager: the manager are able to manage all raw material in proper ways as there are
less wastage of resources and enhancing the production process effectiveness.
Total quality management(TQM): here manager and director of the Marks and Spencer, look
after the quality of merchandise and military which are offered to target customer as they have to
maintain high standards for the product in the organisation. The manager motivates its
employees to improve their performance by realizing their full abilities to execute the task in the
team. The manager also examine the quality of good which are offered to customer so that can
modification can be done.
Role of leader: leader focus on improving the inputs of the employees so that business can
achieve the outcomes in systematic manners .
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Role of manager: he have to manage all the activities in most profitable manners which will
lead to achievement of objectives.
Just in time move towards: the executive of the Marks and Spencer, uses this approach to
improve or enhance the inputs of its employees in the given task so that organisation are
achieving their objectives within set time frame .here the leader and manager give guidance on
how to compete the task in effective and efficient ways so that organisation can make profits by
increasing the sale.
Role of leader: the leader sees that all the operational activities of Marks and Spencer are
properly executed in the management level.
Role of manager: manager can sure that right material is used in making the goods for the
customer .
P5: consequence and value of the operation administration to accomplish commerce objectives:
Management of the operational activities in the business is every essential and important as to
run the organisation effectively by applying techniques and theory which helps the manager
and leader to finish the task in proper methods. Some of the importance of the operation
management are stated as below:
Converting the raw material into finish goods: it is essential aspect of the OM in the
organisation where raw substance are transformed into finish goods and services which are
demanded by the customer in the market and organisation can make the profits out the such task,
in the context of Marks and Spencer, the manager take control over operational activities so that
final goods are produce. (Jlassi and Bouchoucha,, 2016)
Distribution and controlling system: here the production of goods are examine by the
supervisor and control the performances of the firm and measure the outcomes of the
employees. In the context of Marks and Spencer, the manger needs to control the various
activities in the management level so that they are able to serve the large number of customer.
Inventory and logistics management: under this operational management , the leader and
manager have effective roles as produce good needs to be delivery the right customer on right
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time . in the context of Marks and Spencer, the manager have to control the inventory in proper
way and uses the effective logistics supply chain methods to reach the target customer.
Capacity management: here the manager have to maintain the productivity of the management
team so that all the task can be completed within proper procedure . as the Marks and Spencer,
work in retailer sector so they need full capacity of human resource so that all the business are
performed in proper manners.
P6: business surroundings factors that have shock upon functioning organization and decision
creation by the manager and leaders:
The business environment includes the various factors and forces which are present in the
present in the organisation which affects the operational management of the firm , lead to effect
the objective of the company . with the references of the Marks and Spencer, the manger uses
different type of environment factors that can influence the work of the employees in the task ,
some of them are discussed as follow:
Corporate social responsibility: these are responsibilities which are to be fulfilled by the
organisation of Marks and Spencer to build the strong image in the target audience. The
organisation uses the raw resources which are present in the society for executing the task and
making good from which the firm can earn the profits margin so organisation needs to payback
the society in the form of social responsibility and resource are save for the next generation.
The organisation invest in the nature and help the needful people in the society which affects
their operational task. (Myshakivskyy, 2017)
Value: the leader and manager of the firm provide value for the customer in their products
within the management of operational task. The organisation focus is on providing the value of
the customer product so that goodwill can be build in the eyes of the customer. Value will
attach more customer towards the organisation goods and service . this way organisation are
able to enhance the sale in the market and give competition to the another organisation.
Ethics: the organisation of Marks and Spencer, must follow some ethics while dealing with the
employees at the work place. worker need to follow guidance so that they are able to compete
all the task in effective way. Manager needs to develop the new strategies which helps the
worker to execute the activities in the proper and efficient pattern . the manger needs to have
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ethics in their management so that employees are provided equal welfare at the work places.
These ethics are needed by the leader to manage the worker in the effective manners so that
objectives can be achieved in the profitable manners within the set time in the present as well as
in the long run.
Stakeholder: with the references of the Marks and Spencer, it includes customers, owners,
worker , government firms which influence the performance of the organisation . the firm focus
on building the effective system where organisation are able to serve its stakeholders in the
profitable manner and increase their sale in the target market and enhance their market share.
The corporate social responsibilities helps the organisation to manage the all the operational
activities in the systematic manner which helps them to achieve the desire results in the proper
way and organisation are able to expand their business at the various location.
Conclusion:
According to the above discussion, it can be stated that organisation need to have effective
management of operational activities so that they are able to compete the task in the profitable
and productivity manners. The leader and manager have various roles and function which helps
the organisation to improve their activities and enhance the growth of their business to the next
level in the market places. Leader has to follow the different type of leadership in the
organisation so all the worker are motivated to execute the task in the as per the plan whereas
manager has to look after all the activities are perform in the proper manners and achieve the
desire level of outcomes in the long run. There are various business environment factors that can
affects the performances of the organisation at the operational level and effect the final goals and
objectives . (Yegan . and Shariatmadari, 2016)
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