Report: Management and Operations Strategies at Sainsbury's

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Sainsbury's management and operations. It begins with an overview of the company's organizational structure, including its hierarchical framework and key divisions. The report then delves into the roles and definitions of leaders and managers within Sainsbury's, highlighting their responsibilities and contributions to the company's success. Furthermore, it explores different leadership and management roles in various organizational situations, such as competitive environments and communication challenges, and applies relevant leadership theories like transformational and transactional leadership. The report also examines situational, contingency, and systems leadership theories and their application within the company. Finally, it evaluates the impact of leaders and managers on Sainsbury's and provides recommendations for further improvements in its management and operational strategies.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Management and organization structure......................................................................................3
Roles and definition of leaders and managers.............................................................................5
Different role of leadership and management in application to different organizational
situations......................................................................................................................................7
Situational, contingency and systems leadership theories apply to company.............................8
Leaders and managers made impact on company........................................................................9
Recommendation for further improvement...............................................................................10
CONCLUSION- ...........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Operations of organizations is well managed by the management, they play important
role in firm as handles problems like design operations, maintain system used for manufacturing
products etc. management focuses on each and every operations of company, they carefully
organized procedure to distribute and products services or goods (Kaplan and et.al., 2014).
Overall activities often include goods development, product creation, distribution as well as
production. M&O is the administration of business practices to develop high level of efficiency
possible within firm. Management and operations is concerned with transforming workers into
effective team and converting materials into quality products to maximize profit of firm. The
present report is based on Sainsbury's multinational organization based in UK. It explain
management and organization structure, roles of leader and managers, and management as well
as leadership roles in different situations of business. Furthermore, it justifies contribution of
systems, situational and contingency leaderships and impact of managers and leaders made upon
Sainsbury's with recommendation.
Management and organization structure
Sainsbury's is one of the second biggest chain of supermarkets in UK, they operate its
functions or different operations effectively with the help of qualified and skilled leaders as well
as managers. It is founded by John James sainsbury in 1869 with shop in London, in 1922 they
became largest retailer of groceries. J Sainsbury Plc, holding company is split into three
divisions: Sainsbury Argos, Supermarkets Ltd and Bank. In order to run business efficiently the
make plans which is beneficial for overall progress of company. They announced plans to
relocate their shop support centre in 2007 from Holborn to Kings cross in 2011. organization buy
24 shops in which 22 were Somerfield. It is the chain of medium to small sized supermarkets
operating successfully in UK. In this group required to sell as situation of its takeover of
Somerfield. They increase its profit margin by applying several strategies such as business
acquisition in 2016, firm deal with furnishing retailer Habitat and chain Argos which made them
the largest retailer of groceries as well as merchandise in nation (Chreim, 2015). Company is
generality powerful in South East and London, where it is based and has strong positions within
several cities of country. Moreover, the organization structure of firm is hierarchical because
there are series of stages of workers and level above manage each level.

Illustration 1: Organizational Hierarchy
(Source: Sainbury's organizational structure)
According to this, Hierarchical is one of the most crucial organizational structure where
every level in company except one is subordinate to single other entity. Its structure is structured
into different ways accordant to the style they managed or operate. In above illustration, its
clearly mentioned that firm has hierarchy within their business which is quite difficult to manage
without skilled people. Marketing, finance and other departments managing their team
effectively and focus on their performance (Watson, 2018). Team leaders managed their work
and accountable to guide each and every people for performing better.

Illustration 2: Management Structure
(Source: Sainsbury's management structure, 2019)
Their boards is chaired by Martin Scicluna, fellow board members with them is
accountable for setting longer term plan for group. The overall management structure is divided
into different levels such as management boards, operating board, audit committee etc. were a lot
of skilled people handling each and every operations effectively. Professionals at every level
focuses on day to day management of team and it is their role to execute or evaluate strategies set
out by Board. Martin is non executive director and chairman designate within Sainbury's they
brings breadth of leadership and experience in non executive and executive roles (Chiu,
Balkundi and Weinberg, 2017. Executive director in operating board, is responsible for trading,
marketing and operating digital site of stores effectively. Accordant to management structure,
chief financial officer is responsible for managing financial activity of organization.
Roles and definition of leaders and managers
Definitions-
A person who holds the superior position or dominant in multinational organization and
capable to exercise high degree of influence or control over others in workplace, is known a

leader. They have the power of motivate workers and other staff members, they influences the
group of people towards achievement of business objectives or goals. A good leader always
know how to enhance and encourage everyone better than anyone else in company, it can be
define as their main functions. Leader of firm and team is a person who is in charge of it and
control of it effectively. At particular point in competition or race is leader is the person who is
winning at that situation.
Whereas, manager is the person who organized or well manages the overall performance
of business effectively. They control management in companies and guide individual who
perform for them. For example, managers in Sainsbury has the power to take decision about any
things which is directly or indirectly related to business welfare (Roche, Haar and Luthans,
2014). They assigned to specific level on the organizational chart. In simple words, manager is
accountable for directing, motivating staff and for supervising growth of companies in particular
industry.
Role of leaders-
Leadership is activity of leading employees in company towards achieving objective and
goals. A good leaders do this by influencing workers behaviour in different ways, they sets clear
vision for business. The role of leaders in Sainsbury is to guide team through work procedure
and builds morale. Leaders are made not born, their role in company is to communicate,
negotiate and persuade employees to do things is essential to accomplish given task or work.
Leaders role is to make things easier and simpler for everyone, they need to trained workers for
performing better than before. The role of good leaders is to listen what others try to say and
understand their situations which might be affect its performance in workplace.
Managers role-
On the other hand, the role of manager is not much different from leaders, they also work
hard for achieving objective of business which is highly essential for them. Managers role in
Sainsbury is to assure day to day functions of each and every department or team of skilled
employees. Just like a leaders, managers also motivate workers but in different way and creates
healthy environment where staff thrive (Tabassi and et.al., 2016). They play role as coordinator,
planner, procedure as well as marketer. The overall success of company will depend upon quality
and abilities of manager in utilizing resources for achieving goals.

The main difference between two is that managers have workers who simply work for
them while, leaders have group of people that follow them.
Management and leadership is quite different from each other, for example,
management need only be accountable and concerned for advertising, promises etc. whereas
leadership is always includes group of many people. In management, manager give directions to
its people on the other side with leadership, leaders ask questions of individual about any issues
related to work.
Different role of leadership and management in application to different organizational situations
Management is the way something is managed, careful treatment, handled and
supervising abilities or those in charge of group or business. An example of management is how
manager handles its personal as well as professional finances. It consists of interlocking activities
of organizing corporate policy and creating, controlling, directing and planning Sainbury's
resources in order to achieve objectives of that particular policy.
Leadership is quality of leaders to guide their workers of company for completing their
task on time efficiently. Leader with leadership take better decision based on situational analysis
and also helps to solve issues of staff as soon as possible.
Situation 1-
In competitive environment, due to low motivation workers losses their hope for working
effectively, it decrease their productivity rather than before which is not appropriate for overall
business (Dust, Resick and Mawritz, 2014). At this situation, leadership play curial role with the
support of transformational leadership theory. Accordant to this theory, leader through
transformation in procedures, guidance and directions of operations enhance the ability of staff.
It focuses on transforming people to support each other and company as whole. With the help of
transformational theory they can motivate its people and make them able to work effectively.
Transformational leader foster relationship building to meet same goals, an environment of trust
and sharing of creative ideas for Sanisbury's.
Management is process of maintenance, guiding development and allocation of resources
of attain goals of firm. Manager role is solve problem of workers by understanding their needs
and provide facilities accordingly. Maslow's need Hierarchy theory helps to define the role of
manager or management within this situation. This theory is consist with five levels:
Physiological needs-

Manager of company to motivate team, need to provide the basic needs of workers, due
to low motivation staff will not be able to perform better. By getting place to live people work
more hard.
Safety needs-
Mangers consider the safety requirement of staff and then play role as planner. They plan
for protecting all the members of company from harm, plan for training sessions to make them
capable for protecting themselves in any sudden incident in workplace such as fire.
Social needs-
Manager roles is to coordinate with leaders, understand the requirement of people and
plan for creating healthy work environment around workplace which motivate all of them
effectively.
Esteem needs-
After getting all the above things, it develop self esteem among employees and drive
them towards achievement of goals. It helps to developed their self confidence and make them
able to feel happy.
Self actualization-
At this level manager role is to continuously enhancing the performance of workers by
implementing plans which is beneficial for business and helps to grow it rather than before.
Situation 2-
Due to lack of communication conflict between management and staff get arise which
affects on business performance and productivity as well (Dragoni and et.al., 2014). Leaders play
vital role in this situation, with the support of transactional leadership style that is quite
effective and suitable in this condition. In this style of leadership leaders promote conformity by
followers through punishments and rewards. It is totally depends on self motivated person who
work well in directed and structured environment. Leader with transactional leadership motivate
applicant, rewards performance, practically work and think which is effective for controlling the
overall situation. They communicate staff, listen to them and transfer it to management. After the
role of management get start, they consider the issue, analyse it and then transferred thoughts and
point of view of employee at high level where they get better response for the same.
Differences between the management and leadership-
Management Leadership

As compare to leadership, management helps
to control and directs resources and number of
applicants in company effectively according to
the values and principles which has been
established earlier.
Leadership is setting new vision or direction
for team of people that they have to follow for
longer period in order to complete given task.
Comparison between the role of leader and manager-
The role of leader as compare to manager is quite tough, they have to deal with many
issues in workplace daily after making team. But on the other hand the role manager is difficult
because as compare to leader, in context of workers, manager lead overall staff in firm which is
larger than group in workplace.
Differences between the role of leader and manager-
Leader Manager
Leader in organization have number of
applicants follow them.
While manager have workers who work for
them.
Situational, contingency and systems leadership theories apply to company
Situational leadership is one of the best leadership style it has been used in Sanisbury's
to grow its overall business (Morgan, 2014). It refers to When manager or leader adjust their
style of work to fit development level of workers they can enhance team performance which
make them capable to achieve goals and business objectives. If leaders of company adopt this
style they can take better action to solve any conflict situation in firm and increase the
motivational level of people which allow them to work progressively towards achievement of
organization aims. With this leadership style, it is up to leader to change their way to work, not
follower to adapt to their style.
Contingency theory also support to sustainable performance of business, it states that
firm leaders effectiveness is contingent upon with how leadership matched to particular situation.
This theory is an organizational theory that assertion that there is no suitable way to corporation
and organize to lead large firm. For example, leaders within business can adopt this theory and
perform well, by making decision after analysing the situation. Leaders do not depend on

abilities, they also work for betterment and apply different things in their style of work.
Contingency theory allow leaders or managers to change its behaviour and situations and then
take action accordingly. It helps to grow business effectively and supports in sustainable
performance by performing with skilled people.
Whereas, Systems leadership make leaders able in Sainbury's to create environment
where employees at all level work productively to its potential. It is the set of capabilities and
skills that any person will use to enable, catalyse and support procedure of systems stage change.
For example, by communicating applicants in work place leader understand needs of people and
support them in work through participation. It enhance its performance as well as productivity
which allow them to achieve goal and also help to gain competitive advantages that increase
profitability of business.
Leaders and managers made impact on company
Managers made positive impact on Sainbury's, as they represent team efforts and group
interest for self success and company. They work as spokesperson for both side of divide,
workers and stakeholders. They are accountable to look after both interest of people who work in
organization and business. Their role in workplace is perhaps the most significant in terms of
impact on firm performance (Ghasabeh, Soosay and Reaiche, 2015). It have direct influence on
staff they line manage, they keep responsibility for aligning work of its department and their
employees with overarching organisational goals. In shaping organizational culture manager play
vital role, make plan for betterment. Manager set objective, organize work or performance,
communicate to leaders and measure the overall progress effectively. It shows that manager
made positive impact on business and helps to grow.
Leaders has direct effect and cause relationship upon success and company, they
determine culture, values, change tolerance and workers motivation. Leader in Sainsbury's used
its power to motivate group of people for performing better. They help to build strong team who
will be able to contribute in achievement of success. They made impact on firm by leading a
number of team effectively. Leader recognize that organization future is depend upon
appropriate decision being made today, so they can perform highly effective for it. Furthermost,
leaders understood that skills and knowledge will be developed through training that help firm to
stay ahead of future success.

Recommendation for further improvement
Sanisbury's leaders highly recommend to adopt different leadership styles for future
improvement, they must adopt trait theory, behavioural theory as well as great man theory which
is beneficial for them and company. In order to build strong team in workplace who can perform
better and achieve business objectives, leaders provide training to all of them that enhance its
performance and develop skills that they can used for completing task on time. Training and
development session provide many benefits to company as it helps to increased job satisfaction
or morale among staff, helps to motivate them, increased efficiency of operations and capacity to
adopt new methods and change as well.
On the other side, managers of company is recommended to implement strategic
management plans based on analysis of situations and needs of employees for betterment.
Manager must implement change that helps to run business towards success and growth. They
should manage it effectively within company that support to reduce incidents and conflicts which
affect operational efficiencies.
CONCLUSION-
It has been concluded, that manager and leaders both plat significant role in Sainbury's, as
they perform well and understand the needs of both company and workers. Leaders manage
change, solve problem of people and generate plan to overcome these effectively. By applying
different types of theories leaders and managers contribute to motivate staff and enhance it
overall performances. Furthermore, they both made positive impact on organization which is
efficient for them and helps to grow business effectively. In hierarchical structure of company,
managers at different level take their decision for betterment, make strategies for enhancing
motivational level, provide the most appropriate and suitable directions to each.

REFERENCES
Book and Journals
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Chreim, S., 2015. The (non) distribution of leadership roles: Considering leadership practices
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Dragoni, L and et.al., 2014. Developing leaders’ strategic thinking through global work
experience: The moderating role of cultural distance. Journal of Applied Psychology.
99(5). p.867.
Dust, S.B., Resick, C.J. and Mawritz, M.B., 2014. Transformational leadership, psychological
empowerment, and the moderating role of mechanistic–organic contexts. Journal of
Organizational Behavior. 35(3). pp.413-433.
Ghasabeh, M.S., Soosay, C. and Reaiche, C., 2015. The emerging role of transformational
leadership. The Journal of Developing Areas. 49(6). pp.459-467.
Kaplan, S and et.al., 2014. The role of organizational leaders in employee emotion management:
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Morgan, J., 2014. The future of work: Attract new talent, build better leaders, and create a
competitive organization. John Wiley & Sons.
Roche, M., Haar, J.M. and Luthans, F., 2014. The role of mindfulness and psychological capital
on the well-being of leaders. Journal of occupational health psychology. 19(4). p.476.
Tabassi, A.A and et.al., 2016. Leadership competences of sustainable construction project
managers. Journal of Cleaner Production. 124. pp.339-349.
Watson, D.H., 2018. Managers of discontent. Routledge.
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