Evolution of Management Theory and Practice: A Historical Overview

This essay provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of management theory and practices, beginning with pre-industrial methods and extending through the impact of the industrial revolution. It explores the early development of management practices, highlighting the shift from manual labor to more structured organizational approaches. The essay delves into the key aspects of the industrial revolution, including the emergence of capitalism, imperialism, and the mining of resources like coal, which significantly influenced management practices. It also examines the evolution of management theories, such as scientific management, neoclassical theory, and humanist theory, emphasizing the importance of workforce motivation and the integration of technology in modern management. The essay concludes by stressing the importance of understanding the historical context of management to effectively navigate contemporary business challenges, including the role of supply chain management and the need for skilled workforces.

Evolution of
management theory and
practice

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................1
Understanding the evolution of management theories before the industrial revolution and and
explaining the early development of management practises. .....................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
The evolution of the management theory can practice is defined as the process which was
started in the early days of man. This began since the man has seen the need to live in groups. As
it is identified that the man is able to organize the masses, share them into various groups. As the
sharing of the groups was on the basis of the number of people and with their capabilities,
experience and intelligence. It has been analysed that the point is that management has been
practised in one way or the other since civilization has began. The industrial revolution has
Brough a drastic change where it has been identified that there is the need of the more of holistic
and formal management theory which is becoming more significant within the business
organisations. The business organisations have been shaped through various aspects in order to
achieve the growth and success. The industrial revolution is the process of change from a
agriculture and handicraft economy to one which is dominated by the machinery and industry
manufacturing practices.(Grebosz-Krawczyk, 2021). This is the report which is based on the
essay on understanding the evolution of management theories before the industrial revolution
and and explaining the early development of management practises.
MAIN BODY
Understanding the evolution of management theories before the industrial revolution and and
explaining the early development of management practises.
In order to understand the evolution of the management practices it is very essential that
one should focus on understanding the key aspects which happen in the early 90's. It is very
important to understand that before the industrial revolution where the people use to work
manually and in a different way. In the mid 18th century, in the middle lands and England, it has
been identified that one of the most momentous transformation in the world history began to
unfold. S the industrial revolution was the most profound evolution and the technological
development since the beginning of the agriculture. In the early age the people were not aware of
the theories and the people use of not work in a structural way. As for example, the role and
responsibilities were not distributed in a systematic way. In the early or it can be said that before
industrial revolution there was the time of prodigious the craft item for the urban merchants who
would sell them on the distant markets. As before the industrial revolution the artisans with
specialised skills produced most of Europe's manufactured goods. It has been analysed that their
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work was governed by the traditions of their craft and the limits of the available resources as in
the early times the human and animal muscle was considered as the era main energy sources. In
the early age there were people working but it was identified that people and their work was not
given that importance which can be motivated. As the woman was also working out of their
home but the child labour and the woman work was not considered as a skilled work. also, many
women were working in the textile miles in order to help their families. During the first century
of industrialisation the child labour was considered rampant within the textile industry. In the
early industries and factories working with the machines and and long hours were not all
appreciated and people were forced to work without any extra pays and they were also not given
any leaves. (Caramaschi, 2020)
The industrial revolution was first began in the Britain in 18th century but afterwards its
spread all over the Europe and North America. There are several causes on the industrial
revolution which was identified by the historians which includes the emergence of capitalism,
imperialism, efforts to mine coal, and the effects of the agriculture revolution. The one of the
major factor which has been identified for the industrial revolution is the impact of the European
imperialism. This was linked with the growth of the industrialisation. The word imperialism is
explained as the one of the nation controls the another region through the military, political and
economic control power(Johnson, S.M., 2019). The another reason which has been identified for
the industrial revolution is the mining of resources such as coal which is found as important for
the process of industrialisation. It has been analysed that the Britain was the one of the first
country to industrialise and it has a large number of supplies of coal which was presented within
the country. As the coal was considered as one of the most important ingredient in the process of
industrial as it help in furling the steel engines which were used in the transpiration system such
as trains, ships etc. it was also identified that not only Britain has large supplies of the various
sucroses but it was also easy obtainable. The coal was close to the surface and was therefore
easy for the miners to find and extract it. At that time the mining of the coal became easier for
the people and the industry after the invention of the steam engine. (Danilov-Danilyan, and
Rosenthal, 2022).
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The another cause of the industrial revolution can be discussed which is the effects
which is introduced by the agriculture revolution. As there was increase in the food production
which lead to the industrial revolution to include the new methods in order to increase the
practices. The agriculture revolution is considered to began in the 17th century and this was
continued though the centuries which followed the industrial revolution. As in order to produce
the food products at the faster speed there were development of new farming techniques which
involved the use of the machinery in farming which help people in order to work in an
productive manner. There was the intervention of crop rotation which has involved in practising
the various new methods in order to produce the food in a more faster way. There are several
cause of the industrial revolution which has involved the management practices in an effective
way. In order to practice the working in an effective way it has been identified that it is very
important to motivate employees. the main of the main cause of the industrial revolution
emergence of capitalism as an economic theory (Smith, R., 2019)
As talking about the management theories in the post industrial revolution era it is
becoming important for the organisation to motivate its workforce and due to the new
intervention in the technology aspect. It is very important to develop the management practices
in order to have an effective working within the organisation in order to achieve growth and
success. As technology plays a vital role in developing the management practices. The
management theories and the practices have lead to the transformation in working of an
employees in an effective way.(Jacobs, 2018). The scientific management is the term which is
defied as the industrial management which was introduced by the Fredrick Taylor he has
described his contribution to the shop and factor management. As due to the increase in the
competition the theory he proposed defined that the management is important for the
organisation and maintaining the relationship impacts in the working of the task in an effective
manner. As the motivation is considered the most important after the industrial revolution which
has lead to understand of human behaviour within the business enterprise. The Taylor proposed
that management and the theories in order to motivate employees is important for the increase in
the productive in order to work within the factories. As before the early age the people were not
aware of the systematic working. After after the development of the theories and the
understanding of the power of motivation it has been identified that now a days the management
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practices is evolved because of the new technologies where the digitalisation plays a major role.
As due to the evolution in every industry it becomes important to have a structure and the
hierarchy to follow certain rules and regulations in order to work effectively. (Terán-Yépez, and
et.al., 2020)
Here the neoclassical theory of management can be discussed which is an extended
version of the classical theory. The classical theory defines humans as an appendage to a
machine. This is the theory where it was experimented that will human be able to work in a more
productive way than machines. It was identified that the human pressure was decline was
introducing to the machinery work within the business organisation.
There is another theory named as humanist theory where in the history it is defined as the
outlook or the system of thought which focuses on human beings rather than supernatural and
divine insights this stresses over that human beings are more and are the basic needs for the
organisations and it is very important to have familiar which human behaviour in an effective
manner.
As the growing sophistication with the post industrial revelation is becoming the matter
of concern. The various theories suggests that the management practices is becoming the mater
of the concern for the organizations and it is important to have an effective management
procedures within the business organisations and the industries. As earlier-this was not important
because people were not given important . But after industrial revolution the engagement
includes the promotion, rewarding and motivating employees in order to incrassate their morale
which has benefited the organisations. It is very important for the organisation to have the
replacement of the theoretical knowledge with the practical knowledge. the development of the
scientific discipline which involves new forms of technologies in order to motivate the
workforce within the factories which includes artificial intelligence it is becoming essential part
that the people are guided and management effectively. (Zlotin, and Zusman, 2020)
As before the industrial revolution there was no supply chain management and after
increase within the competition in the market and increase in the businesses it has been identified
that there is the need of managing the logistics within the industries which requires the
management in an effective way. As now a days the people and the workforce need to be skilled
in order to handle such difficult task. The management plays an important role in every business
organisation and industries in order to work effectively and efficiently. The management practice
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need to be developed by evolving new technologies within the logistics. It is very essential that
the organisation need to motivate its employees and management all the activities within
business enterprise(Adler, E., 2019). As the business practices have been emerging and the
traditional methods is taking place with the modernisation of practising and serving the best to its
customers, this involves the management within the industries for every task. The various
management principles suggests that in the growing and the digitalisation it is becoming
essential that the management is practice within the organisation in order to have an effective
practices within the factories and the involvement of the various issues which is related to the
humans beings. (Moggi and Dameri, 2021).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that the understanding of the early
management theories with the management practices after the industrial revolution is important.
The industrial revolution is the systematic and transformation of the various practices in order to
motivate workforce in an effective and efficient manner. There is the evolution of management
practices after industrial revulsion where the human workforce is considers as the main asset for
the achievement of success and growth of the organisations. The understanding of the
modernisation in the management practices is very important so that the workforce is motivated
and the impact on the organisation is in an effective and efficient way. The revolution of the
scientific theories within the management and the introduction by the Fredrick Taylor to the
management practices. The Taylor suggests that due to the new technologies and change in the
various aspect of the working it is very essential to manage the work and practice the different
theories and approaches in order to keep the employees motivated.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adler, E., 2019. World ordering: A social theory of cognitive evolution (Vol. 150). Cambridge
University Press.
Caramaschi, S., 2020. Design Actions for the Global Gaze. Evolution and Contradictions of
Temporary Installations in San Francisco’s Public Space. Planning Theory & Practice,
21(5), pp.748-766.
Danilov-Danilyan, V.I. and Rosenthal, O.M., 2022. Dynamic Model of Water Quality Evolution.
Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology, 44(2), pp.132-138.
Grebosz-Krawczyk, M., 2021. Place branding (r) evolution: the management of the smart city’s
brand. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 17(1), pp.93-104.
Jacobs, S., 2018. An analysis of the evolution of mentorship in nursing. International Journal of
Mentoring and Coaching in Education.
Johnson, S.M., 2019. Attachment theory in practice: Emotionally focused therapy (EFT) with
individuals, couples, and families. Guilford Publications.
Moggi, S. and Dameri, R.P., 2021. Circular business model evolution: Stakeholder matters for a
self‐sufficient ecosystem. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(6), pp.2830-2842.
Smith, R., 2019. The evolution of “entrepreneurial policing”: a review of the literature. Journal
of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy.
Terán-Yépez, and et.al., 2020. Sustainable entrepreneurship: Review of its evolution and new
trends. Journal of Cleaner Production, 252, p.119742.
Zlotin, B. and Zusman, A., 2020. Patterns of technological evolution. In Encyclopedia of
Creativity, Invention, Innovation and Entrepreneurship (pp. 1831-1840). Cham:
Springer International Publishing.
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